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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Capital Punishment, biases |
geographical - Michigan v. Indiana child v adult |
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Homelessness & Mental Illness |
homelessness can cause mental illness |
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Colonialism [Sun Never Sets] |
taken over countries and have taken most of the natural resources and cheap labor |
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Differential Association Theory |
Why people commit crimes: through interaction with others, people learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior
Edwin Sutherland
deviance is learned |
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Illegitimate Opportunity Structure |
one has to have the opportunity to participate in the crime: embezzlement |
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Relativity of Deviance |
varies historically and across cultures
negative reaction to the deviant act |
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Gender & Crime |
men are arrested more often that women theories to explain why: men are allowed more behavioral freedom, police are less willing to define a woman as criminal <10% women |
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Stratification |
system by which a society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy
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Global Superclass |
small group of highly interconnected individuals in which wealth and power are so concentrated that they make the world's major decisions |
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Control Theory |
inner and outer controls prevent crime internal - values, conscience, desire to receive approval external - people and institutions
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Recidivism |
percentage of former prisoners who are rearrested 1/2 - 2/3 repatition rate |
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White Collar Crime |
Crimes committed by high status people in the context of their jobs.
Edward Sutherland
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Medicalization of Deviance |
deviance is a sign of mental illness absolves responsibility |
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Slavery |
different types, work without proper payment |
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Caste |
ascribed statuses: traits people possess as a result of their birth rigid ranking - cannot change castes |
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Class |
achieved statuses: earn or choose, not subject to the terms of birth social mobility |
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Labeling Theory |
deviance is relative: it is not labeled until someone says it is
society decides what is deviant
more likely to continue deviance if labelled |
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Strain Theory |
society causes deviance fosters an equivalent desire to succeed among the people but society doesn't provide legitimate means |
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Incarceration Rate |
US has highest rate of incarceration |
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Corporate Crime |
crimes committed by business or corporation subcategory of white-collar |
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Conflict Theory perspective on Deviance (Criminal Law) |
Elites control the law
Wealthy get off easier |
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Colonialism as an explanation for STRATIFICATION |
After the colonists leave, they have left the economy in destitute |
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Distribution of and Distinction between Wealth and Income |
Wealth - more uneven, inheritance, income acquired overtime
Income - made over a period of time |
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Characteristics of Poverty |
minorities have it the worst Children have the highest poverty rates |
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Affluenza |
fake illness (informal term) describes rich that get out of terms with fake medical issues |
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World Stratification |
Most Industrialized
The Industrializing
Least Industrialized |
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World System Theory |
impoverish countries enter into relationships with rich countries and are exploited (neocolonialism) |
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Culture Of Poverty Theory |
culture of the poorest society holds everyone back |
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Property |
Synonymous with
WEALTH |
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Social Mobility |
intergenerational
structural
change |
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Secondary Deviance |
second + deviation
labeling theory comes into play at this point |
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Horatio Alger |
everything he ever wanted came true |
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Means of Production |
anything that PRODUCES wealth
property, factories |
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Big Win |
lottery winners - life is turned upside down |
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Key dimension of social stratification |
Wealth |
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Homelessness can cause mental illness |
True |
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Forms of deviance are formalized into law |
true |
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Social Mobility |
person's ability to move up or down the class hierarchy |
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Excessive incarceration is due to |
3 strikes laws |
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Davis - Moore Thesis |
society must fill a variety of positions to ensure tat important tasks are performed
must offer rewards to motivate the most qualified |
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Major Characteristic of Class system |
fluid boundaries |
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Parent Spanking a child |
Informal social control |