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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what causes the pain in migraine? what causes the aura? what happens beofore the pain/aura? is there a change during the actual headache itself? |
distened blood vessels reduced blood flow increase in blood flow blood flow is normal again/reduced |
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what nerve is affected in migraines? what does the aura generate from in the brain? what exactly is that? |
trigeminal cortical spreading depression a wave a depolarization that is generated in the occipital cortex |
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what genes cause migraine? what do they do? what does the trigeminal ganglioin release when stimulated? |
cacna1a- calcium channel atp1a2- pumps sodium and potassium scn1a-sodium channel substance p, neurokinin a, calcitonin gene regulated polypeptide |
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what 3 areas of the brain stem maybe responsible for the generation of migraine? describe the synthesise of serotonin? what enzyme metabolizes serotonin? |
locus coeruleus, raphe nucleus, periqueductal gray tryptophan, tryptophan hydroxylase, 5 hydroxytryptophan, l aromatic amin acid decarboxylase, 5 HT or serotionin monoamine oxidase |
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what serotonin recptors are targets for migraine treatment? name a drug that binds each what med chem feature do all triptan drugs have? what unique moiety does sumatriptan have? rizatriptan? zolmitriptan? what carbon are these on in the drug? |
5 HT1A buspirone, 5 HT1B and 5 5 HT1D triptans, 5 HT2 trazodone, 5 HT4 cisapride indole ring and tertiary amine on position 3 methane sulfanamide triazoline oxazolidine all affects selectivity, all on C5 |
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what serontonin drugs are metabortropic GPCRs? what does 5ht 1a have a role in? 5ht1d? 5ht2a? what serotonin receptors are inotropic receptors? where are these found? |
all 5HT1 and all 5HT2 receptors anxiety,depression sex, sleep vasoconstrictor in migraine platelet aggregation, perception 5ht3 chemoreceptor trigger zone |
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where are the 5ht1 receptors located? what is the role of 5ht2a? what recptor types are the main focus in triptan therapy? |
presynaptic autoreceptors, postsynaptically on smooth muscle stimulates plaelet aggregation/vasoconstriction, activates PLC 5HT 1B and 5HT1D |
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what does activation of 5ht1d receptors prevent the release of? activation of 5ht1B? |
substance p, neurokinin a, cgrp constriction of cranial arteries, can also cause side effects of chest tightness, vasospasm, HTN |
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name the ergot derivatives. what receptors do these bind? what receptors cause the hallucination of LSD? what are the side effects of the ergots? |
ergotamine, dihydroergotamine,ergonovine, methysergide, LSD 5HT, dopaminergic, and alpha adrenergic 5HT2a and 5HT2c N/V, muscle weakness |
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are 5ht1d pre or postsnaptic? what about 5ht1b? 5ht2? |
presyntapic post post |
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what natural substance does the drug isometheptene mimic? what are the secondary effects of ASA/NSAIDs? what barbitubuate is used to treat migraine? |
sympathomimetics, and causes vasoconstriction decrease platelet aggregation and decrease in serotonin/vasoconstriction (isnt that bad) butalbital |
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what beta blockers are used for migraine? how are the supposed to work? what anticonvulsants are used for prophylaxis? what antidepressants are used for prophylaxis? |
timolol and propranolol rasing threshold for migraine activity topiramate and divalproex amitriptyline, fluoxetine, imiramine, trazadone |
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how are the antidepressants supposed to work in prophylaxis? what calcium channel blockers can be used in prophylaxis? |
down regulate adrenergic and 5ht receptors verapamil, amlodipine, nifedipine, dilitiazem |
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how does botulinum toxin prevent migraines? what do these toxins have a high affinnity for? what supplements are used for prophylaxis? |
interrupts nerve conduction and prevents exocytosis of neurotransmitters like glutamate and calcitonin gene related peptide neuromuscular junctions magnesium and riboflavin |
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how does Mg prevent migraines? what about vitamin b2/riboflavin? |
alters calcium influx and prevents neuronal excitation prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and improves energy metabolsim |
