Psychology Test 3

Front 1

For girls, the usual sequence of physical changes in puberty is:

Back 1

growth of nipples
initial pubic hair
peak growth spurt
widening of hips
first menstral period
final pubic hair
full breast

Front 2

The sequence of the release of hormones in puberty is:

Back 2

Estrogen in Girls testosterone in boys

Front 3

The most powerful effect on adolescent joy or anger usually comes from:

Back 3

hormones

Front 4

Besides gender, the three main factors that affect the timing of puberty are:

Back 4

Genes
Body fat
stress

Front 5

In a recent experiment conducted on 10- to 14-year olds and their food choices:

Back 5

Choose healthy foods if they are cheaper than unhealthy ones

Front 6

The growth spurt typically occurs during puberty in the following order:

Back 6

weight usually precedes height
the limbs precede the torso

Front 7

The fantasies, preoccupations, and impulses of puberty are shaped by:

Back 7

gender, availability, and culture

Front 8

The adolescent's ability to plan, to reflect, to analyze, and to decide is a function of the:

Back 8

maturation of the prefrontal cortex

Front 9

Kevin and Sophia want to instill good values in their three children by being positive role models and spending quality time with them. According to brain research, an especially potent time to accomplish this is during adolescence because the:

Back 9

incomplete brain development

Front 10

Song, at age 13, is experiencing a growth spurt. Previously an early riser, he is still in bed at 10AM if given the chance and not asleep until 1AM. These changes may be attributed to:

Back 10

Hypothalamus and pituitary glands
puberty

Front 11

Girls who become pregnant before the age of 15 are more likely to experience:

Back 11

Birth complications:
spontaneous abortion
high blood pressure
still birth

Front 12

Diagnosing STIs in adolescents is problematic because:

Back 12

don't seek treatment
ashamed and afraid

Front 13

Annual nationwide surveys of high school seniors show that about ______ percent have tried alcohol and about ______ percent have smoked at least one cigarette.

Back 13

73%
47%

Front 14

The experimental antidrug program that has police officers go into classrooms and teach children and adolescents about the harmfulness of drug usage is called:

Back 14

DARE

Front 15

Adolescent thinking is a combination of:

Back 15

Brain maturation
intense conversations
additional years of schooling
moral challenges
increased independence

Front 16

An adolescent's statement that, “But, Mother, you just don't understand; nobody understands!” is indicative of:`

Back 16

adolescent Ego-centrism

Front 17

Sixteen-year-old Paul drinks heavily and drives dangerously fast, believing that he cannot be hurt. Paul is demonstrating:

Back 17

Invincibility fable

Front 18

The difference between the egocentrism of adolescents and that of preoperational children is:

Back 18

That adolescents, have a well-developed theory of mind.

Front 19

Marsha says, “There is no way I am going to school today with this bruise on my cheek. Everybody is going to laugh at me.” Marsha is demonstrating:

Back 19

Imaginary Audience

Front 20

Juanita is able to think hypothetically about abstract ideas. Piaget would say she has developed:

Back 20

Formal Operational

Front 21

Beginning with a logical idea and then using logic to draw specific conclusions describes:

Back 21

Deductive Reasoning

Front 22

The type of thought supported by a “feeling” that a belief is right is referred to as:

Back 22

intuitive thoughts

Front 23

The “dual-process model” of adolescent thought means that:

Back 23

one for emotions and one for analytical processing of stimuli

Front 24

In Klaczynski's studies of adolescents' analytical thinking, those who jumped ahead to what experience had taught them, rather than sticking to the logical task at hand, used:

Back 24

intuitive thoughts

Front 25

The best school structure for middle schools and high schools is:

Back 25

seperate schools
Transition and Translation

Front 26

Whether adolescents stay in school or drop out is strongly influenced by their:

Back 26

Motivation

Front 27

The common middle-school schedule that involves classroom changes every 40 minutes has the effect of:

Back 27

Keeping kids interested

Front 28

An unintended consequence of high-stakes testing is:

Back 28

less graduates

Front 29

According to extensive research, the ideal high school size is:

Back 29

200 - 400

Front 30

According to Erikson, the goal of adolescence is to:

Back 30

Identity vs Diffusion
figure out who they are

Front 31

Seventeen-year-old Andrew failed several classes, lost his job, and spends most of his time sleeping on the couch. When his parents voiced their disapproval, he replied, “Whatever.” Andrew's response indicates identity:

Back 31

Identity Diffusion

Front 32

Angel's parents always wanted him to be part of the family business—and Angel never questioned this. At 21, Angel decided to leave the business to become a teacher. Angel is resisting:

Back 32

Foreclosure

Front 33

The term for a pause in identity formation, when alternatives are explored before final choices are made, is known as:

Back 33

Moratorium

Front 34

One of the key assets that help predict positive outcome in adolescents' development is:

Back 34

Relationship between adults and kids

Front 35

Miranda and her mother bicker constantly about daily routines, hair, and clothes. This bickering is indicative of:

Back 35

bickering

Front 36

Eva is about to become a teenage mother. Based on recent research, she and her child will better handle the situation if her parents:

Back 36

Support

Front 37

Parents' awareness of where their children are, what they are doing, and with whom they are doing it is referred to as:

Back 37

Parental Monitoring

Front 38

Chris typically can be found with his group of close friends on the gym steps at lunchtime. He is socializing in a:

Back 38

clique

Front 39

Cliques and crowds provide adolescents with social:

Back 39

support and control

Front 40

Identify the general pattern of heterosexual attraction, as described by Dunphy?

Back 40

Groups of friends
A loose association of girls and boys with public interatctions within a crowd
Small mixed sex groups of the advanced members of the crowd
Formation of couples, with private intimacies

Front 41

A retrospective study of homosexual men demonstrated that, on average, they first became aware of their sexual interests at age ______ and told people at age ______.

Back 41

11
17

Front 42

The increased use of contraception and the increase of premarital sex by adolescents indicate that:

Back 42

Sex education

Front 43

In general, as children become adolescents, their feelings of competence:

Back 43

decreases

Front 44

Elyse broke up with her boyfriend after a fight. She has spent the last week repeatedly going over the fight in her mind, which caused her to sink into depression. Her continual reliving the fight is known as:

Back 44

clinical depression

Front 45

Parasuicide refers to:

Back 45

lethal action against the self that does not result in death

Front 46

Because of cluster suicides, experts recommend:

Back 46

anti depressants
therapy and medication

Front 47

In the United States, the ethnic group with the highest adolescent suicide rate is:

Back 47

American Indian / Alaskan Native

Front 48

Which of the following is true of life-course-persistent offenders?

Back 48

psychosocial
deviant friends
few connections to school
being biologically mature but being treated as a child

Front 49

While some adolescents do not experience depression or delinquency, those who do often:

Back 49

improve by age 20

Front 50

The term “organ reserve” refers to:

Back 50

the capacity of young adults’ organs to allow the body to cope with stress

Front 51

The maternal age range of peak fertility and peak newborn survival has always been:

Back 51

18-25

Front 52

Recent research indicates that attitudes about the purpose of sex fall into which of the following three categories?

Back 52

Relationship

Front 53

In the CARDIA study that followed 18- to 30-year-olds into middle age, those who were the least fit:

Back 53

4 times more likely to have diabetes and high blood pressure

Front 54

Two factors that tend to maintain good exercise habits beyond emerging adulthood include:

Back 54

Friendship
Communities

Front 55

A person's set point is affected by:

Back 55

age
genes
diet
hormones
exercise

Front 56

Distorted ideas about food and food consumption are especially common among women of ______ descent.

Back 56

white European

Front 57

Members of which of the following groups are most likely to suffer from anorexia?

Back 57

women

Front 58

When the absence of a drug creates a craving to satisfy a physiological or psychological need, that is a sign of drug:

Back 58

Drug addiction

Front 59

Dylan was well-aware of his family history of alcoholism, and the dangers of binge drinking in particular were covered in his high school. Yet as an emerging adult, he very often drinks heavily. He is exhibiting the logical error known as:

Back 59

delay discounting

Front 60

Young men are more likely to die violently than young women because:

Back 60

drive recklessly
unprotected sex
extreme sports
abuse alcohol
illegal drugs
gamble
combat
guns

Front 61

A large university is attempting to reduce student alcohol and nicotine use. A survey was distributed to all students, and the results were published in the student newspaper. Fewer students than anticipated drank and smoked, much to many students' surprise. The university conducted this research using:

Back 61

Social Norms Approach

Front 62

In solving a real-life problem, Ben takes into account his subjective feelings and personal experience. Developmentalists refer to this as:

Back 62

subjective thought

Front 63

71. The possibility that one's appearance or behavior will be misused to confirm another person's oversimplified, prejudiced attitude is referred to as:

Back 63

stereotype threat

Front 64

Dialectical thinking involves:

Back 64

The most advanced cognitive process theses or anti thesis = a thesis

Front 65

According to Gilligan's view of moral development:

Back 65

Morality of care in women
morality of justice in men

Front 66

Research using the Defining Issues Test (DIT) has demonstrated that which of the following is associated with moral growth?

Back 66

moral thinking

Front 67

Compared to 50 years ago, today's U.S. college population:

Back 67

1/20 to 1/3

Front 68

The dropout rate in the first year of college may often be attributed to:

Back 68

Cognitive maturity
"social know how needed to navigate through college"

Front 69

A type of identity that is almost impossible to achieve during adolescence is:

Back 69

Ethnicity

Front 70

Which is one of the four “gateways to attraction” in friendship?

Back 70

Physical Attraction
Frequent Exposure
Apparent Availability
No unacceptable characteristics

Front 71

Compared to those of women, friendships between men are:

Back 71

Share activities + interests

Front 72

A study of adults in 17 nations found that compared to married couples, cohabitants were:

Back 72

less happy
less healthy
less satisfied with financial status

Front 73

Heterogamy refers to marriage between two people of:

Back 73

different attitudes
intersts
goals
ses
religion
background
local origin

Front 74

Over the past several decades, wives' incomes and husbands' contribution to housework have ______ and marital satisfaction has ______.

Back 74

increased
improved

Front 75

A heightened sense of well-being is common between the ages of 18 to 24. Reasons for this increase in positive emotion include:

Back 75

close relationship with friends, lovers parents
leaving home
graduating college
securing a good job

Front 76

Jacoby's mother was schizophrenic so he was sent to live with his grandparents. Now at age 22, he is experiencing severe stress due to his grandfather's death and his own search for employment. He is starting to display some symptoms of schizophrenia. According to developmentalists, Jacoby is exhibiting the:

Back 76

diathesis-stress model

Front 77

In Japan, a new type of disorder related to severe anxiety about the social and academic pressures of high school and college has emerged. It is characterized by:

Back 77

Hikiomori - isolate themselves in their homes for months or years

Front 78

While problems experienced in the earlier years may influence later development, those with childhood challenges who tended to fare best during emerging adulthood had:

Back 78

dangerous risks are avoided