Psych 304 Exam 2

Front 1

validity of a psychological test refers to...

Back 1

accuracy (measures what it says it's measuring)

Front 2

cronbach and others said all types of validity are subcategories of...

Back 2

construct validity

Front 3

mr. sanchez had a hearing impairment but passed the test to become a radio operator because the test didn’t measure hearing acuity. what kind of problem is this?

Back 3

construct under representation

Front 4

the problem with using the GRE to determine whether students who have already been admitted to graduate school should be given their degrees is what?

Back 4

it's contaminated (criterion-related validity)

Front 5

concurrent and predictive validity are both subcategories of...

Back 5

criterion-related validity

Front 6

which types of validity are logistical and not statistical?

Back 6

content and face

Front 7

to develop a test with construct validity, what types of validity evidence are needed?

Back 7

convergent and divergent

Front 8

the extent to which a test is valid for making statements about the criterion is represented by what?

Back 8

validity coefficient

Front 9

validity is...

Back 9

the degree to which a test actually measures what it purports to measure.

Front 10

a review of many studies showed that expectancy effects exist in __________ situations.

Back 10

some but not all situations

Front 11

miss amy reported that interrater reliability of the observers in her experiment was quite high during training. you should...

Back 11

check afterwards. reliability is always increased during training and drops afterwards because of observation.

Front 12

upon repeated applications of the same test, performance on the 2nd application may be affected by previous experience with the test. This is known as _____________.

Back 12

practice effect

Front 13

in general the average person’s ability to detect when someone is lying is ______________.

Back 13

most people poorly detect liars

Front 14

when helen was being trained to record the behavior of 200 animals, her performance increased when her instructor was watching. This is an example of ____________.

Back 14

reactivity

Front 15

The Rosenthaal Effect occurs when __________________?

Back 15

The experimenter expects to find something.

Front 16

Studies on computer-administered interviews have shown what?

Back 16

Just as reliable; students may be more honest

Front 17

(2) what affects child assessment.

Back 17

Reinforcing responses effect. Children who took test in a disapproving group scored lower.

Front 18

The reciprocal nature of interviewing means what?

Back 18

Want interaction. Share factors.

Front 19

This is a special type of interview used primarily to diagnose psychosis, brain damage, and other major mental health problems.

Back 19

mental status examination

Front 20

Although interviewers normally avoid _______________ statements, they may be necessary when interviewing a child or someone with mental retardation.

Back 20

probing

Front 21

A transitional phrase is __________ (what? When used?)

Back 21

“yes” “I see” keeps it flowing with minimal effort.

Front 22

Good interview behavior is more a matter of ____________ than ________________.

Back 22

Attitude, skill

Front 23

Reliability runs _______________ for structured interviews, as it does for unstructured interviews.

Back 23

twice as high

Front 24

Structured clinical interviews have been criticized because ________________ (why?)

Back 24

Requires cooperation and relies exclusively on the respondent making the assumptions questionable.

Front 25

Which of the following is not one of the four suggestions for handling cross-ethnic, cross-cultural, and cross-class interviews?

Back 25

The suggestions are:
Increase cultural awareness
Know yourself
Be flexible
Look beyond yourself

Front 26

Accurate empathy ___________________ self-exploration.

Back 26

leads to

Front 27

The main improvement of the 1908 Binet-Simons scale was the introduction of what?

Back 27

mental age and mental scale

Front 28

The first version of the Stanford-Binet to include non-whites in the standardization sample was which?

Back 28

1972

Front 29

Scores from the Stanford-Binet have a mean of _________ and a SD of __________.

Back 29

10; 3 (formerly 100 and 16)

Front 30

Binet believed that human intelligence was expressed through what?

Back 30

Find and maintain a definite direction or purpose.
Make necessary adaptation to achieve that purpose.
Engage in self-criticism so necessary adjustments in strategy can be made.

Front 31

The IQ concept was introduced when?

Back 31

1916 Stanford-Binet

Front 32

To support the notion of G, Spearman developed a statistical technique called what?

Back 32

Factor analysis

Front 33

Intelligence Quotient is determined by the formula what?

Back 33

chronological age divided into mental age

Front 34

The similarities subtest of the WAIS measures what?

Back 34

abstract thinking

Front 35

The Weschler Preschool and Priamry Scale of Intelligence is designed for whom?

Back 35

2 1/2 - 4 1/2 yr olds

Front 36

IQ scores are determined on the WAIS by what?

Back 36

crystalized and fluid intelligence

Front 37

An IQ score based on one of the alternatives (other than Weschler or Stanford-Binet) ……what do we know about them?

Back 37

weaker psychometrics

Front 38

Among his motivations for the development of the Wechsler scales of intelligence, was Wechsler’s belief that _____________________________

Back 38

Believed IQ tests were a way to peer into an individual’s personality and were not based on theory.

Front 39

Much of the controversy regarding testing has centered on the finding that on average the IQ scores of African Americans are _________________

Back 39

lower

Front 40

What test covers the youngest age range for infant and preschool tests?

Back 40

Brazelton

Front 41

The Bayley II is designed to be used with children what age?

Back 41

1-42 months

Front 42

Currently in order to be eligible for special education on the basis of a learning disability, under federal and most state laws, children must _______________ what?

Back 42

qualify through testing; parents must consent

Front 43

Which of the following is not a possible reason for errors on the Bender Visual Motor Gestalt Test?

Back 43

A mental age less than 9
Brain damage
Nonverbal learning disabilities
Emotional problems

Front 44

The developmental quotient is employed in what?

Back 44

Gesell Developmental Schedules

Front 45

Which of the following was designed as a downward extension of the Stanford-Binet scale?

Back 45

Cattell Infant Intelligence Scale

Front 46

Picture completion, block design, and matrix reasoning are components of which index?

Back 46

WAIS-III

Front 47

An improvement in the WISC IV is its emphasis on what?

Back 47

verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, processing speed, working memory

Front 48

content validity ratio

Back 48

uses judge of panels to rate usefulness on 3 pt scale: essential, useful but not necessary, not necessary

Front 49

how calculate cvr

Back 49

# of panelists rating item "essential" - total number of panelists/2 then divide by total number of panelists/2

Front 50

types of evidence of validity

Back 50

construct, criterion, content

Front 51

for validity, reliability is...

Back 51

necessary but not sufficient

Front 52

types of validity

Back 52

face, content, criterion, construct

Front 53

evidence for construct validity

Back 53

convergent and discriminant (divergent)

Front 54

7 sources of validity

Back 54

1-internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha)
2-external criteria correlations
3-test score increases/decreases over time
4-Score differences between groups theorized to differ according to the construct
5-convergent validity
6-discriminant validity
7-factor analysis

Front 55

classical test score theory

Back 55

observed score=true score+error