Psych 101 Chapter 15

Front 1

Abnormal Behavior

Back 1

Behavior that is atypical, maladaptive, socially unacceptable, and produces emotional discomfort.

Front 2

four criteria for abnormal behavior

Back 2

atypicality, dysfunctional (most importat criterion for distinguishing behavioral disorders), distressful, and dangerous

Front 3

DSM-IV

Back 3

diagnostic and statistic manual that is a classification principle around specific behavioral and physical symptoms (maximize between group variance but minimized with one group variance)

Front 4

Anxiety Disorder

Back 4

any of a number of disorders that produce pervasive feelings of anxiety

Front 5

Panic Disorders

Back 5

anxiety disorder in which an individual experiences numerous panic attacks (four or more in a four-week period) that are characterized by overwhelming terror and often a feeling of unreality or of depersonalization

Front 6

Agoraphobia

Back 6

An anxiety disorder characterized by an intense fear of being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult or in which help might now be available. example: being in the open, public places

Front 7

Phobia

Back 7

any number of anxiety disorders that are characterized by a persistent fear of and consequent avoidance of a specific object or situation

although they usually realize that their fear is far out of proportion to actual danger, this understanding does little to reduce the fear

Front 8

Social Phobia (Social Anxiety Disorder)

Back 8

a persistent, irrational fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment may occur. example: public speaking

Front 9

Specific Phobia

Back 9

Anxiety disorder characterized by an irrational fear of specific situations or objects, such as heights, small closed places, strangers, or animals

Front 10

Obsessive Compulsive Disorders

Back 10

persistent, unwanted, and unshakable thoughts and/or irresistible habitual repeated actions

Front 11

Somatization Disorder

Back 11

type of somatoform disorder characterized by multiple and recurrent physucal symptoms that have no physical cause

Front 12

Hypochondriasis

Back 12

somatoform disorder in which the individual is excessively fearful of contracting a serious illness or of dying

Front 13

Conversion Disorder

Back 13

somatoform disorder that is manifested as a sensory or motor system disorder for which there is no known organic cause

Front 14

Dissociative Amnesia

Back 14

memory loss not attributable to disease or brain injury

Front 15

Dissociative Fugue

Back 15

a dreamlike state of altered consciousness not attributable to disease, drug use, or brain injury

worst case: a person may relocate to another part of the country and assume a new identity complete with a new name, job, and even a new family

Front 16

Somatoform Disorder

Back 16

class of disorders that are manifested through somatic or physical symptoms

examples: somatization disorder, hypochondriasis, and conversion disorder

Front 17

The Psychoanalytic Perspective of Behavioral Disorders

Back 17

results of internal conflicts in which anxiety and the symptoms of anxiety disorders appear when these defenses are overused or rigidly applied.

Phobias may occur if the individual displaces this anxiety to some object, situation, or social function that can be avoided

Front 18

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Back 18

chronic state of anxiety or worry that is so pervasive that it is often referred to as free-floating anxiety that persists for at least months

Front 19

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Back 19

typically follows a traumatic event or events, and is characterized by a reliving of that event, avoidance of stimuli associated with the event or numbing of general responsiveness, and increased arousal

Front 20

Albert Bandura's Theory

Back 20

modeling, or imitating the behavior of others, provides a more likely explanation for the acquistion of some anxiety disorders

Front 21

Dissociative Identity Disorder, or Multiple Personality Disorder

Back 21

a condition of separation in personality, or in multiple personality, not attributed to disease or brain injury

primary person is not aware of the secondary personality, but the secondary person is aware of the primary person

Front 22

Mood Disorders

Back 22

class of disorders including major depression and bipolar disorder that are characterized by a persistent depression (which in bipolar disorder is accompanied by intermittent episodes of mania

Front 23

Major Depressive Disorder

Back 23

a severe mood disorder characterized by deep and persistent depression

Front 24

Bipolar (manic-depressive) Disorder

Back 24

mood disorder characterized by intermittent episodes of both depression and mania (highly energized behavior)

Front 25

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Back 25

diagnostic catergory in which major depression or bipolar depression recurrently follows a seasonal pattern

winter depression: craving carbs, overeating
summer depression: loss of appetite, weight loss

Front 26

Learned Helplessness

Back 26

a diminished ability to learn an avoidance response following exposure to unavoidable aversive stimulation. May contribute to some forms of depression and non-responsiveness in humans and other animals

Front 27

Speech Disturbance Characteristic of Schizophrenia

Back 27

Mutism: individual may not utter a sound for hours or days at a time

Echolalia: people repeat virtually every statement they hear uttered

Front 28

Development of Schizophrenia

Back 28

Prodromal Stage: first signs that include less interest in work, school, etc; social withdrawal; deterioration of health
Active Stage: major symptom stage
Residual Stage: major symptoms are absent--recovery.

Front 29

Disorganized Schizophrenia

Back 29

marked disorganization and regression into thinking and behavioral patterns, accompanied by sudden mood swings and often hallucinations

Front 30

Catatonic Schizophrenia

Back 30

extreme psychomotor disturbances, which may range from stuporous immobility to wild excitement and agitation

Front 31

Dissociative Identity Disorder, or Multiple Personality Disorder

Back 31

a condition of separation in personality, or in multiple personality, not attributed to disease or brain injury

primary person is not aware of the secondary personality, but the secondary person is aware of the primary person

Front 32

Mood Disorders

Back 32

class of disorders including major depression and bipolar disorder that are characterized by a persistent depression (which in bipolar disorder is accompanied by intermittent episodes of mania

Front 33

Major Depressive Disorder

Back 33

a severe mood disorder characterized by deep and persistent depression

Front 34

Bipolar (manic-depressive) Disorder

Back 34

mood disorder characterized by intermittent episodes of both depression and mania (highly energized behavior)

Front 35

Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Back 35

diagnostic catergory in which major depression or bipolar depression recurrently follows a seasonal pattern

winter depression: craving carbs, overeating
summer depression: loss of appetite, weight loss

Front 36

Learned Helplessness

Back 36

a diminished ability to learn an avoidance response following exposure to unavoidable aversive stimulation. May contribute to some forms of depression and non-responsiveness in humans and other animals

Front 37

Speech Disturbance Characteristic of Schizophrenia

Back 37

Mutism: individual may not utter a sound for hours or days at a time

Echolalia: people repeat virtually every statement they hear uttered

Front 38

Development of Schizophrenia

Back 38

Prodromal Stage: first signs that include less interest in work, school, etc; social withdrawal; deterioration of health
Active Stage: major symptom stage
Residual Stage: major symptoms are absent--recovery.

Front 39

Disorganized Schizophrenia

Back 39

marked disorganization and regression into thinking and behavioral patterns, accompanied by sudden mood swings and often hallucinations

Front 40

Catatonic Schizophrenia

Back 40

extreme psychomotor disturbances, which may range from stuporous immobility to wild excitement and agitation

Front 41

Paranoid Schizophrenia

Back 41

presence of well-organized delusional thoughts

Front 42

Undifferentiated Schizophrenia

Back 42

Catchall category assigned to schizophrenics who do not manifest specific symptoms of disorganized, catatonic, or paranoid schizophrenia

Front 43

Residual SChizophrenia

Back 43

recovery phase during which major symptoms are absent or markedly diminished

Front 44

Positive Symptoms

Back 44

excess or distortion of normal behavior. symptoms: hallucinations, delusions and excessive verbal behavior

Front 45

Negative Symptoms

Back 45

diminished or absent behavior. symptoms: flattened emotions, diminished social behavior, apathy

Front 46

Personality Disorders

Back 46

Diverse class of disorders that is collectively characterized by inflexible and maladaptive personality traits that cause either functional impairment or subjective distress

Front 47

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Back 47

disregard for rights of others, lack of remorse or guilt for antisocial acts, irresponsibility in job or marital roles, failure to learn from experience, and a profound poverty of deep and lasting emotions