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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the birthplace of the P LSS? |
The 7 ranges |
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The land ordinance act was enacted when and many updates have been made since then? |
May 20th 1785 |
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After World War II, the US department of the interior established the what, which still manages land in federal public control today? |
Bureau of land management |
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A plat is created by who |
The drafter in the office |
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Compasses commonly used prior to 1890 were what which determines the Pull of the what? |
Magnetic and the Pull of the Earth |
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The what was invented in 1890 and can Determine latitude and longitude based on the what of the sun at a given time |
Shower compass and based on the position of the sun |
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What are important because of the curve of the Earth and the lines of convergency |
True parallels |
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When a sovereign nation, like the US, sales a piece of property to a private individual, the sovereign uses a what? |
Land patent |
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A what re establishes an original survey at exactly the same place as the original? |
Dependent resurvey |
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One of the few instances where a surveyor would destroy a monument is an what? |
Independent re survey |
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Every P LSS state has at least one what, which is the beginning point for every P LSS parcel on the prime Meridian? |
Initial point |
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A what is A-line of latitude that runs directly through an initial point and A-line of longitude is called a what? |
Baseline is A-line of latitude and principal Meridian is A-line of longitude |
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If you travel 24 miles in any direction from the baseline and principal Meridian, you will reach these 2 lines? |
Standard parallel and Guide Meridian |
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A what is a set of 16 townships it measures 24 by 24 miles? |
Quadrangle |
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The PLSS was surveyed by establishing corners, or monuments, every how many chains on the exterior of the section? |
Every 40 chains |
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What causes townships to get smaller as we travel North in latitude? |
Convergence |
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What is the measurements of a township and how many sections does it contain? |
A township is 6 miles by 6 miles and it contains 36 section |
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Sections run in a serpentine fashion starting at what corner? |
Northeast corner |
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How many acres are in a regular section? |
640 acres |
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Define corner versus monument |
a corner is a point on a map A monument is an object which marks the corner point physically |
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Dotted lines on a survey means what? |
It means that it has been protracted and done in the office versus the field |
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When surveying the PLSS lines on sections and townships surveyor is required to use what? |
Nearest and best evidence available |
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When surveying land with what kind of monument you should use nearby evidence testimony or USGS topographic map to determine the P LSS lines? |
Obliterated monument |
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How can an existing corner be identified by verifying what? |
The evidence of the monuments or its accessories |
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An obliterated corner is one at whose point there are what or what but maybe recover beyond reasonable doubt? |
No remaining traces of the monuments or its accessories |
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A lost corner is a point of a survey whose position cannot be determined beyond a reasonable doubt whose location can be restored only by what? |
Lost corners can only be restored by reference to one or more independent corners |
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When an original surveyor's mistake is identified it must be placed where? |
Where the blunder was made |
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The base flood elevation and it's associated vertical datums are shown on what? |
Firm maps also known as flood insurance rate maps |
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These are areas that must be reserved in order to discharge flood waters without increasing water surface elevations more than a designated amount? |
Floodways |
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For flood plain management purposes, 4 walls in a roof defines a what? |
Structure |
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And enclosed area below the base flood elevation, such as parking or limited storage, must be made with what kind of materials? |
Flood resistant materials |
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What zones are considered moderate flood risk? |
B and X shaded |
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What areas are considered a minimal flood hazard zone? |
C and X unshaded |
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What zones are considered high risk areas? |
Zone's A, AE, A1 - 30, AH, AO, AR, A99 |
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What zones are considered high risk coastal areas? |
Zone V, VE, V1- 30 |
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What areas are considered undetermined risk zones? |
Zone D |
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Today, Fema offers a product called a what, which can be downloaded online and usually has an aerial photograph background? |
D - firm |
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Land surveyors should go beyond the firm maps and search for the what? |
Flood insurance study, or FIS |
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When restoring a corner, you must 1st determine the blank of restoring a lost corner? |
Correct method |
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You must identify the proper points of control which are the what? |
Closest and best monuments |
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Resetting a lost corner is a last resort and should only be done when? |
When there is no collateral or primary evidence left |
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As the retracing surveyor, you have the obligation to protect the what? |
Plat (record) |
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The court is not permitted to fix blunders. Only the what has the power to fix them? |
Bureau of land management |
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Once you determine what type of corner you have lost, you must determine the location of what available for use? |
Existing monuments available for use |
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List the corners in order for reestablishment |
Standard parallels Township exteriors Section corners Quarter section corners Meander corners Minor section subdivision |
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Before proportioning any measurements, reduce record and retraced distances to? |
Cardinal equivalents |
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The United States national map accuracy standards are full standards are for what kind of map only? |
Paper - analog |
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The purpose of the USN MAS is to: |
Reduce the map duplications created by various federal agencies |
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The biggest map maker in the US is the? |
United States geological survey USGS |
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All federal map making agencies should use 3 basic map sizes. Name the sizes and their conversions: |
15 minute map equals 1: 62500 7 1/2 minute map equals 1:24000 3 3/4 minute map equals 1: 5000 |
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From the 1800s until 1947, there was a contiguous map of the United States that was called the national map quadrangles, which were created in _______ minute quadrangles? |
1:62500 or 15 minute quandrangles |
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The horizontal accuracy standard for maps greater than 1:20,000 is: |
Not more than 10% of the points tested shall be an error by more than 1/30 of an inch measured by the publication scale |
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The horizontal accuracy standard for map smaller than 1:20000 is: |
Not more than 10% of the points tested shall be an error by more than 1/50 of an inch measured by the publication scale |
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The vertical accuracy standard, for maps States that; not more than what percent of elevations tested shall be in error by more than what the contour interval? |
10%, .50 |
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A what establishes positions of points with a high degree of accuracy in order to support activities such as mapping NGIS, property boundary surveys, construction projects, etc |
A control survey does |
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A survey standard may be defined as? |
The minimum accuracy's deemed necessary to meet specific objectives |
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What have been classified based on the relative positional accuracy tough positional accuracy between directly connected control points as a ratio of the horizontal separation between them? |
Conventional control surveys |
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What are the 3 sources of standards? |
Federal government FGD C State government DOT's Societies or state boards Alta/NSPS |
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FGC C stands for? |
Federal geodetic control committee |
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The most common and widely accepted geodetic standard is? |
FGC C white paper |
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The equation for vertical accuracy is C=m sqr rt/K |
C represents allowable error m represents FGCC constant K represents Distance between points in kilometers |
