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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the information that come from the internal environment to the nervous system?
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visceral information
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What is afferent?
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the division of the PNS that transmits sensory and visceral information (including the somatic senses and the special senses) to the CNS.
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What is efferent?
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transmit information from the CNS to an effector (usually muscles and glands).
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Define innervate.
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a neuron capable of transmitting to an effector organ or receive messages from a sensory organ is said to innervate that organ.
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What are the branches of the efferent nervous system?
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Somatic
Autonomic |
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What is the somatic nervous system?
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consists of motor neurons, which regulate skeletal muscle contractions
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What is the autonomic nervous system?
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neurons that regulate the functions of internal organs and other structures (such as sweat glands or blood vessels) that are not under voluntary control.
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What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?
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parasympathetic
sympathetic |
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What is the enteric nervous system?
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an intricate network of neurons in the gastrointestinal tract that function independently of the rest of the nervous system but communicates with the autonomic nervous system.
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Neurons are excitable cells--what does this mean?
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that they are capable of producing large, rapid electrical signals called action potentials.
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What are glial cells?
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-constitute 90% of the cells in the nervous system and provide various forms of support to the neurons, including structural and metabolic support
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What is a collateral?
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a brance of an axon
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Where is the greatest concentration of K+ and Na+ voltage gated channels?
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dense in the axon, most dense in the axon hillock
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Where are voltage-gated Ca- channels found?
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axon terminal
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What is the function of the calcium channels?
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they open and allow Ca to flow into the cell, which triggers the release of the neurotransmitter
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What are the two types of neurons found in the human body?
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Bipolar--has two projections (axon and dendrite) coming off the cell body. These usually are involved in smell and vision.
Multipolar--the most common type of neuron. Has multiple projections from the cell body. |
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What kind of neuron are most sensory neurons?
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pseudounipolar--which has a modified dendrite that makes the cell appear to have a single process that extends in two directions from the cell body. The modified dendrite is called the peripheral axon and the axon is called the central axon.
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