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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the voting preference in urban rural areas e.g Surrey and why? |
Predominantly conservative London commuter belt that is made up of mostly B and A classes + C1. Economically prosperous |
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What is the voting preference in Northern Ireland, why? |
Split between nationalists and unionists Reflect religious and cultural divisions in the regions |
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What is the voting preference in Wales why? |
Heavy Labour bias but strong levels of support for conservatives in rural areas Industrial more deprived areas Favorit Labour |
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What is the voting preference in London, why? |
Maj Labour Increasing ethnic diversity Greater economic disparity across the city Reliance on public service |
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What is the voting preference in rural England why? |
Overwhelmingly conservative Mostly white Economically conservative |
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What is the voting preference in rural England why? |
Overwhelmingly conservative Mostly white Economically conservative |
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What is the voting preference in industrial north of England why? |
Mostly Labour Higher levels of unemployment than anywhere else in the country High rates of poverty and urban decay |
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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What are issues that have become more important in affecting votes since 1970s |
Education, age, gender and ethnicity/religion. |
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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What are issues that have become more important in affecting votes since 1970s |
Education, age, gender and ethnicity/religion. |
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Give 3 reasons why class still matters |
1. Issues of tax and benefits remain a key distinction between 2 parties 2. Many voters still identify with a party based on their perceived past. 3. Geographic voting trends still reflect the relative wealth and class make up of a constituency/region.
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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What are issues that have become more important in affecting votes since 1970s |
Education, age, gender and ethnicity/religion. |
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Give 3 reasons why class still matters |
1. Issues of tax and benefits remain a key distinction between 2 parties 2. Many voters still identify with a party based on their perceived past. 3. Geographic voting trends still reflect the relative wealth and class make up of a constituency/region.
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Give 3 reasons why class no longer matters. |
1. The size/role of the working class had declined by more than half = less political presence. 2. Increasing property ownership and improved education make it difficult to categorize class. 3. Successful parties have to appeal across a wide range of issues, not just those relating to classes. |
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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What are issues that have become more important in affecting votes since 1970s |
Education, age, gender and ethnicity/religion. |
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Give 3 reasons why class still matters |
1. Issues of tax and benefits remain a key distinction between 2 parties 2. Many voters still identify with a party based on their perceived past. 3. Geographic voting trends still reflect the relative wealth and class make up of a constituency/region.
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Give 3 reasons why class no longer matters. |
1. The size/role of the working class had declined by more than half = less political presence. 2. Increasing property ownership and improved education make it difficult to categorize class. 3. Successful parties have to appeal across a wide range of issues, not just those relating to classes. |
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Give 3 examples when politicians have a courted the women’s vote. |
1. 1997 Blair introduced all women short lists. (Increased the number of women in parliament) 2. 2015 -female members of the Labour Party visited 75 constituencies targeting women who didn’t vote in the previous election. 3. 2014 - Jo Swanson launched Lib Dems campaign to push for equal pay and increase child care. |
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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What are issues that have become more important in affecting votes since 1970s |
Education, age, gender and ethnicity/religion. |
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Give 3 reasons why class still matters |
1. Issues of tax and benefits remain a key distinction between 2 parties 2. Many voters still identify with a party based on their perceived past. 3. Geographic voting trends still reflect the relative wealth and class make up of a constituency/region.
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Give 3 reasons why class no longer matters. |
1. The size/role of the working class had declined by more than half = less political presence. 2. Increasing property ownership and improved education make it difficult to categorize class. 3. Successful parties have to appeal across a wide range of issues, not just those relating to classes. |
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Give 3 examples when politicians have a courted the women’s vote. |
1. 1997 Blair introduced all women short lists. (Increased the number of women in parliament) 2. 2015 -female members of the Labour Party visited 75 constituencies targeting women who didn’t vote in the previous election. 3. 2014 - Jo Swanson launched Lib Dems campaign to push for equal pay and increase child care. |
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Why did women traditionally favor the conservatives? (Use 1970 CS) |
Promise of economic stability, protection for the price of the ‘weekly shop’ and stable society were believed to have appealed to Mothers with family concerns from all classes. |
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How did class voting operate until the 1980’s |
A, B & C1 equal conservative C2, D & E equal Labour. |
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What are issues that have become more important in affecting votes since 1970s |
Education, age, gender and ethnicity/religion. |
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Give 3 reasons why class still matters |
1. Issues of tax and benefits remain a key distinction between 2 parties 2. Many voters still identify with a party based on their perceived past. 3. Geographic voting trends still reflect the relative wealth and class make up of a constituency/region.
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Give 3 reasons why class no longer matters. |
1. The size/role of the working class had declined by more than half = less political presence. 2. Increasing property ownership and improved education make it difficult to categorize class. 3. Successful parties have to appeal across a wide range of issues, not just those relating to classes. |
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Give 3 examples when politicians have a courted the women’s vote. |
1. 1997 Blair introduced all women short lists. (Increased the number of women in parliament) 2. 2015 -female members of the Labour Party visited 75 constituencies targeting women who didn’t vote in the previous election. 3. 2014 - Jo Swanson launched Lib Dems campaign to push for equal pay and increase child care. |
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Why did women traditionally favor the conservatives? (Use 1970 CS) |
Promise of economic stability, protection for the price of the ‘weekly shop’ and stable society were believed to have appealed to Mothers with family concerns from all classes. |
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Why does the 2015 election suggest that gender is no longer an issue. |
Only 1% difference between male and female vote for conservatives (37% - 38%) |
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What 3 common issues do women and men still differ on? |
1. Foreign intervention (war) 2. Nuclear power 3. Nuclear weapons |
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What 3 common issues do women and men still differ on? |
1. Foreign intervention (war) 2. Nuclear power 3. Nuclear weapons |
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Why are left winged parties at a disadvantage? |
Younger voter = fewer votes Britain’s aging population means that the elderly population is growing as a percentage of the total population. |
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Give 2 reasons why BME groups tend to vote Labour |
Concentration of ethnic groups into more industrial areas e.g. London Conservatives have a legacy of anti minority campaigning e.g Enoch Powell’s river of blood speech |
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Give 2 reasons why BME groups tend to vote Labour |
Concentration of ethnic groups into more industrial areas e.g. London Conservatives have a legacy of anti minority campaigning e.g Enoch Powell’s river of blood speech |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: A decline in social capital means that people are less likely to feel that they are part of a society |
There has been a growth in Rights/culture/ media engagement |
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Give 2 reasons why BME groups tend to vote Labour |
Concentration of ethnic groups into more industrial areas e.g. London Conservatives have a legacy of anti minority campaigning e.g Enoch Powell’s river of blood speech |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: A decline in social capital means that people are less likely to feel that they are part of a society |
There has been a growth in Rights/culture/ media engagement |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Partisan dealignment means people are less motivated to vote. |
People still engage in politics through pressure groups and campaigns |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: The FPTP alienates the electorate by not reflecting the votes properly |
AV rejected (turnout was lower in other parts of UK which use other electoral systems) |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Since the resignation of Thatcher in 1990 the Conservative and Labour parties have reached a consensus on several key issues |
Labour moved further to the left under Brown, Miliband and Corbin making a much clearer distinction between the 2 parties |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: The FPTP alienates the electorate by not reflecting the votes properly |
AV rejected (turnout was lower in other parts of UK which use other electoral systems) |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Since the resignation of Thatcher in 1990 the Conservative and Labour parties have reached a consensus on several key issues |
Labour moved further to the left under Brown, Miliband and Corbin making a much clearer distinction between the 2 parties |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Declining standards in education mean people are less aware of their civic responsibilities |
Citizenship lessons means that citizens are better educated about politics than ever before |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: The FPTP alienates the electorate by not reflecting the votes properly |
AV rejected (turnout was lower in other parts of UK which use other electoral systems) |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Since the resignation of Thatcher in 1990 the Conservative and Labour parties have reached a consensus on several key issues |
Labour moved further to the left under Brown, Miliband and Corbin making a much clearer distinction between the 2 parties |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Declining standards in education mean people are less aware of their civic responsibilities |
Citizenship lessons means that citizens are better educated about politics than ever before |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: Sleaze/ negative culture spread by media have turned people away drin politics |
Sandal/ sleaze has been around for years and hasn’t effected turnout |
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Counter argue a reason which questions this theory to explain a declining turnout: The growth in issues/ parties has made elections less clear cut and more difficult to understand |
People tend to cast their votes on 1 or 2 issues that mean the most to them so a rise in issues isn’t relevant |
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What is Rational choice? |
Assumes that voters will make a rational or logical judgement based on what is their own best interests |
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What is Issue voting ? |
When voters place an issue above all others and cast their vote based on that issue |
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What is Valence issues? |
Where voters share a common preference. |
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What are 6 factors that affect individual voting? |
Policies Performance in office Image Tactical voting Leadership Key issues |
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What is Spatial leadership? |
Style of leadership where PM relies on his/her own inner circle of advisors rather than the cabinet |
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How did the role of the polls in 2015 effect the election results? |
Tended to show Lab and Con in a tight race. This drove media speculation of the possibility of a Milliband Gov rather than focusing on the tract record of Con plus Lib Dem Coalition. Polls also suggested a hung parliament with speculation of a Milliband and SNP coalition Gov or Con and UCIP coalition. As a result some people tactically voted Con instead of UCIP to prevent a Lab and SNP coalition. Many lib dem voters may have voter for the cons as the lesser of the two evils and Lab voting may have been depressed because supporters thought the party was going to be victorious. |
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How did the role of the polls in 2015 effect the election results? |
Tended to show Lab and Con in a tight race. This drove media speculation of the possibility of a Milliband Gov rather than focusing on the tract record of Con plus Lib Dem Coalition. Polls also suggested a hung parliament with speculation of a Milliband and SNP coalition Gov or Con and UCIP coalition. As a result some people tactically voted Con instead of UCIP to prevent a Lab and SNP coalition. Many lib dem voters may have voter for the cons as the lesser of the two evils and Lab voting may have been depressed because supporters thought the party was going to be victorious. |
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How did the role of the polls in 2015 effect the election results? |
Tended to show Lab and Con in a tight race. This drove media speculation of the possibility of a Milliband Gov rather than focusing on the tract record of Con plus Lib Dem Coalition. Polls also suggested a hung parliament with speculation of a Milliband and SNP coalition Gov or Con and UCIP coalition. As a result some people tactically voted Con instead of UCIP to prevent a Lab and SNP coalition. Many lib dem voters may have voter for the cons as the lesser of the two evils and Lab voting may have been depressed because supporters thought the party was going to be victorious. |
