Plasma Membrane

Front 1

Structure of the Membrane

Back 1

lipid bilayer= 75% phospholipids,

20% cholesterol,

5% glycolipids

Front 2

Integral Proteins

Back 2

extend into or through the lipid bilayer.

Glycoproteins(proteins with carbohydrate groups attached to the ends that protrude into extracelluar fluid)

Glycocalyx-molecular "signature" that enables cells to recognize each other, enables cells to join each other, protects cells from being

Front 3

transmembrane proteins

Back 3

protrude into both the cytosol and extracellular fluid

Front 4

peripheral proteins

Back 4

attached to membrane lipids or integral proteins at the inner or outer surface of the membrane

Front 5

Ion Channel

Back 5

integral proteins that form a pore or hole which specific ions can flow through to gain entry or leave the cell

Front 6

Carrier or Transporter

Back 6

integral proteins selectively move a polar

substance or ion from one side of the

membrane to the other

Front 7

Receptor

Back 7

integral proteins that recognize and bind a

specific type of molecule

Ligand- a specific molecule that binds to a

receptor

Front 8

Enzyme

Back 8

integral proteins that catalyze specific chemical reactions at the inside or outside surface of the cell

Front 9

Linker

Back 9

integral or peripheral proteins that anchor the plasma membranes of neighboring cells to one another

Front 10

Cell Identity Markers

Back 10

glyocoproteins and glycolipids that enable a cell to 1) recognize other cells of similar tissue

formation 2) recognize and respond to

dangerous foreign cells.

Front 11

Selective Permeability

Back 11

The property of a membrane by which it permits the passage of certain substances but restricts the passage of others

Front 12

Intracellular Fluid(ICF)

Back 12

Fluid within Cells

Front 13

Extracellular Fluid(ECF)

Back 13

1)Interstitial Fluid=between the cells of tissues

2)Plasma=in blood vessels

3)Lymph=in lymphatic vessels

Front 14

Passive Processes

Back 14

a substance moves down its concentration

gradient using its own kinetic energy

Front 15

Active Processes

Back 15

cellular energy is used to drive "uphill" usually

adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Front 16

Diffusion

Back 16

Kinetic Energy Transport

Passive process, higher to lower concentration

Ex. Lungs and inhalation

Front 17

Osmosis

Back 17

Kinetic Energy Transport

Passive Process, higher to lower WATER

concentrations

Front 18

Facilitated Diffusion

Back 18

Transport by Transporter Proteins

Passive Process, transmembrane proteins function as carriers. GLUCOSE

Front 19

Active Transport

Back 19

Transport by Transporter Proteins

Active Process, Lower concentration to Higher

Ex. Nerve Cell Impulse

Front 20

Endocytosis

Back 20

Transport in Vesicles(membranous sac)

Active Process

Materials move into a cell in a vesicle formed from the plasma membrane

Front 21

Exocytosis

Back 21

Transport in Vesicles

Active Process

Materials move out of a cell into extracellular

fluid

Front 22

Phagocytosis

Back 22

"Cell eating"

Pseudopods surround a particle and the

membranes fuse to form phagosome

Front 23

Pinocytosis

Back 23

"cell drinking"

Front 24

Tight Junctions

Back 24

help seal off intercellular space so material

cannot pass easily between them.

Zipper-like pattern

Front 25

Desmosomes

Back 25

They are especially important in areas that require resistance to strong mechanical stress. Protein filaments move through both cells and 'hook back' on each other.

Front 26

Gap Junctions

Back 26

important in cardiac muscle tissue. They are formed from six proteins, called a connexon, that create a cytoplasmic channel between adjacent cells. Small molecules and electrical charges are able to travel easily from one cell to another through these channels.