Plant Pathology Introduction

Front 1

Draw the disease triangle.

Back 1

you must have all 3 to have a plant disease

Front 2

What is the importance of plant diseases?

Back 2

1) reduces quantity and quality of plant produce
2) limits the kinds of plants and area industries
3) makes plants poisonous to humans and animals
4) causes financial losses

Front 3

What is the geographic impact of plant disease?

Back 3

Africa has the highest impact with almost 50% of produce lost, with Asia second, then S. America

Front 4

What is plant pathology?

Back 4

pathos=suffering
logos=study of

Front 5

What is plant disease?

Back 5

The series of invisible and visible responses of plant cells and tissues to a pathogenic organism or environmental factor that result in adverse changes in the form, function or integrity of the plant and may lead to a partial impairment or death of plant parts or entire plant

Front 6

What is a symptom?

Back 6

indication of disease by a reaction of host

Front 7

What is a sign?

Back 7

indication of disases from the direct observation of a pathogen or its parts

Front 8

What are some biotic causes of plant diseases?

Back 8

fungi, bacteria, viruses and viroids, nematodes, protozoa

Front 9

What are some abiotic causes of plant diseases?

Back 9

heat, drought, mineral toxicities, nutritional deficiencies, excess moisture

Front 10

What are examples of symptoms?

Back 10

root rot, gall, wilt, leaf spot, lesion, canker, blight

Front 11

What are examples of signs?

Back 11

Fungi--mycelium, spores, sclerotia
Bacteria--ooze
Nematode--eggs, juveniles, adults
Viruses--inclusions, virus particles

Front 12

What are Koch's postulates?

Back 12

1. Suspect causal agent must be present in all diseased specimen.
2. Isolate pathogen.
3. Inoculate healthy host.
4. Reisolate.

Front 13

Explain 3 past plant disease epidemics.

Back 13

1) Rust epidemic-rust on wheat and barley in 2000-700 BC and people offered prayers and sacrifices for it to end.
2) Ergot epidemics-on rye, caused hallucinations, Salem witch trials, St. Anthony's Fire
3) Chestnut blight
3)

Front 14

List 3 current plant disease epidemics.

Back 14

1) sudden oak death
2) citrus canker
3) lethal yellowing of coconut palms

Front 15

What was spontaneous generation?

Back 15

microorganisms and their spores were the result rather than the cause of disease

Front 16

Who was Anton deBary?

Back 16

Father of Plant Pathology b/c he proved that potato late blight was caused by a fungus

Front 17

What is the germ theory?

Back 17

microorganisms were produced from pre-existing microorganisms and that most infectious diseases were caused by germs

Front 18

Who created the germ theory of disease?

Back 18

Louis Pasteur

Front 19

Who developed artificial media for culturing microorganisms?

Back 19

Petri

Front 20

What did Koch do?

Back 20

Established the postulates for demonstrating that a microorganism was the cause of a particulat disease using Anthrax bacilli