Physical Examination Vocab Words Chapters 8-11

Front 1

Techniques used during physical examination

Back 1

inspection, ascultation,andpercussion, palpation

Front 2

Inspection :
How and why?

Back 2

by looking and observing with good lighting the patient as a whole and each of their body systems; using penlight, otoscope opthalmoscope, nasal and vaginal specula to give a bigger view; looking for symmetry

Front 3

auscultation
How and why?

Back 3

By placing the bell of a stethoscope over the patients heart, lungs, abdomen, blood vessels, we listen for normal and abnormal sounds.

Front 4

percussion

Back 4

by tapping the person's skin with short, sharp strokes to assess underlying structures. vibrations and characteristic sounds tells us location, size, and density of underlying organs.

Front 5

palpation
How and Why?

Back 5

by sense of touch. with our hands and fingertips, assessing texture, temperature, moisture, organ location and size, as well as any swelling, vibration or pulsation, rigidity or spasticity, crepitation, presence of lumps or masses and presence of tenderness or pain.

Hint 5

light and deep palpation

Front 6

How to Percuss/

Back 6

place interphalangeal joint firmly on patient's skin. Use middle finger of your dominant hand to strike the stationary finger at a right angle. Deliver 2 short taps

Front 7

Components of percussion

Back 7

amplitude
pitch
quality
duration

Front 8

amplitude

Back 8

sound's intensity. may be soft or loud

Front 9

pitch

Back 9

the number of vibrations per second and may be high pitched or low pitched.

Front 10

quality

Back 10

subjective difference due to a sound's distinctive overtones

Front 11

duration

Back 11

the length of time the note lingers

Front 12

how to auscultate

Back 12

use the diaphragm for high-pitched sounds, such as breath, bowel and normal heart sounds. use the Bell for soft, low-pitched sounds, such as extra heart sounds or murmurs.

Front 13

Auscultation notes

Back 13

make sure room is warm and quiet and you are not listening through clothing.

Front 14

infection control measures

Back 14

1. clean stethoscope before and after each patient contact. have clean and used areas for equipment.
2. handwashing
3. use standard precautions

Front 15

ways to reduce anxiety

Back 15

maintain confidence, be considerate, unhurried. 1.Begin with familiar non threatening actions: wt, ht, vital signs. 2.clean hands in his or her presence.

Front 16

tympany

Back 16

loud, highpitched, drumlike, sustained long, over air filled viscus like the stomach and the intestines

Front 17

resonance

Back 17

medium loud, low pitch, clear hollow quality, moderate duration, over normal lung tissue

Front 18

otoscope

Back 18

a tool to inspect the ears and nose. funnels light int the ear canal and onto the tympanic membrane.

Hint 18

base serves both as the power source by holding a battery and as a handle.

Front 19

opthalmoscope

Back 19

illuminates the internal eye structures.enables us to look through the pupil to the background or fundus of the eye.used during a physical examination

Front 20

infant assessment alterations

Back 20

1.have warm environment, 2.use a soft crooning voice
3.use eye contact
4. smile
5.keep movements smooth and deliberate not jerky
6. use a pacifier for crying
7.use padded exam table for infant and have parent present the whole time. parent in full view of infant.

Hint 20

sequence:
1.when baby is sleeping, listen to heart lung, and abdominal sounds first. 2.Perform least distressing steps first. 3.Ear nose and throat last. 4.use moro reflex at end of assessment. baby may cry

Front 21

toddler assessment alterations

Back 21

1. Have them sit on parents lap for the entire examination.
2.sit knee to knee with parent
3.have parent help position the toddler during invasive procedures, ex: temp or otoscope
4. have parent undress child one part at a time.
5. demonstrate procedures on parent

Hint 21

collect some objective data during history, (less stressful)
2.while focusing on parent, notice childs motor skills and gait.
3. start with non threatening areas
4. save assessing head, ears, nose, throat last

Front 22

normal adult assessment

Back 22

have patient sit on examination table.
a frail adult may need to be supine
Head to toe approach

Front 23

dull

Back 23

soft amplitude
high pitch
muffled thud
short duration
location: relatively dense organ ex. liver and spleen

Front 24

flat

Back 24

verysoft amplitude
high pitch
dead stop of a sound, absolute dullness
very short duration
dno air is present over thigh muscles, bone or tumor

Front 25

nosocomial infection

Back 25

hospital acquired infection

Front 26

mini database

Back 26

examine body areas appropriate to the problem

Front 27

vital signs and normal values

Back 27

temp. 37 C(98.6 F),
temp range 35.8-37.3 C (96.4-99.1 F)
pulse 60-100
Resp 10-20
BP 120/80

Front 28

blood pressure stages

Back 28

normal
prehypertensive
hypertensive I
hyperstensive II

Front 29

Normal BP

Back 29

< 120/80

Front 30

Prehypertension

Back 30

120/80 - 139/89

Front 31

stage 1
hypertension

Back 31

140/90-159/99

Hint 31

risk factors: smoking, dyslipidemia, DM, age>60yo,Gender - Men and post menopausal women

Front 32

stage 2
hyperension

Back 32

>= 160/100

Front 33

pulse pressure

Back 33

systolic minus diastolic