Phys Psy Exam 2

Front 1

A sensory receptor is specialized for the a. detection of physical events. b. coordination of movement of the hands and fingers. c. detection of specific chemicals released from other neurons. d. detection of neurohormones in the blood. e. detection of electrical changes in nearby neurons.

Back 1

detection of physical events

Front 2

A sensory receptor is a variant of a(n) a. axon terminal. b. neuron. c. motor cell.
d. muscle fiber. e. skin cell.

Back 2

neuron

Front 3

The human visual system is specialized to detect a. infrared radiation. b. electromagnetic radiation between 380 and 760 nm. c. ultraviolet radiation.
d. all wavelengths of light. e. electrical charges associated with light particles.

Back 3

electromagnetic radiation between 380 and 760 nm

Front 4

Which of the following is true of the process of sensory transduction? a. Receptors show action potentials to external stimuli. b. The intensity of an external stimulus is related to the firing rate of the receptor. c. An external stimulus is converted into changes in receptor membrane potential. d. Most receptors show an action potential when stimulated with an external stimulus. e. Transduction refers to the speed at which a sensory message travels toward the brain.

Back 4

An external stimulus is converted into changes in receptor membrane potential

Front 5

Which of the following pairs of terms do belong together? a. saturation; rods b. sensory receptor; stimulus transduction c. hue; light intensity
d. brightness; hue e. saturation; hue

Back 5

sensory receptor; stimulus transduction

Front 6

The ________ is the membrane that prevents a contact lens from slipping into the space behind the eyeball. a. iris b. cornea
c. conjunctiva d. vitreous humor e. sclera

Back 6

conjuctiva

Front 7

The retinal optic disk is a. a region within retina that has the best visual acuity. b. where the rods are most densely packed. c. where the cones are most densely packed. d. where axons leave the eye and join the optic nerve. e. where visual signals begin to diverge laterally.

Back 7

where axons leave the eye and join the optic nerve

Front 8

Axons that arise from the ________ cells form the optic nerve. a. horizontal b. bipolar c. ganglion
d. amacrine e. photoreceptors

Back 8

ganglion

Front 9

The ________ cells receive information from the photoreceptors and pass it on to the ganglion cells. a. amacrine b. horizontal
c. bipolar d. cones. e. photopigments.

Back 9

bipolar

Front 10

Which of the following neuron types transmit information in a plane parallel to the surface of the retina? a. amacrine b. multipolar
c. bipolar d. unipolar e. nociceptor

Back 10

amacrine

Front 11

Photopigments are molecules found in rods and cones that consist of a. two peptides and a sugar molecule. b. a carbon ring. c. a steroid ring.
d. two fatty acid chains. e. an opsin and a retinal.

Back 11

an opsin and a retinal

Front 12

The cell membrane of a retinal photoreceptor contains sodium channels that at rest (in the dark) are normally ________ and have a resting potential that is ________ compared to other neurons. a. open; hyperpolarized
b. open; depolarized c. closed; hyperpolarized d. closed; depolarized e. inactivated; normal

Back 12

open; depolarized

Front 13

Action potentials can be first observed in the ________ of the visual system. a. bipolar cells b. horizontal cells c. ganglion cells
d. photoreceptors
e. amacrine cells

Back 13

ganglion cells

Front 14

When light strikes a molecule of photopigment, the membrane potential undergoes a(n) ________, which in turn ________. a. action potential; releases an excitatory transmitter onto the ganglion cell b. hyperpolarization; reduces release of an inhibitory transmitter onto the bipolar cell
c. depolarization; releases an excitatory transmitter onto the ganglion cell d. action potential; releases an inhibitory transmitter onto the ganglion cell e. hyperpolarization; increases the release of an inhibitory transmitter onto the bipolar cell

Back 14

hyperpolarization; reduces release of an inhibitory transmitter onto the bipolar cell

Front 15

The parvocellular and magnocellular layers of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus a. may represent different visual systems. b. analyze the same kind of information from the visual field. c. are connected to the nasal and temporal halves of the retina, respectively.
d. receive input from the contralateral and ipsilateral halves of the visual field, respectively. e. send inhibitory signals back to the retina.

Back 15

may represent different visual systems

Front 16

The parvocellular and magnocellular layers of the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus a. may represent different visual systems. b. analyze the same kind of information from the visual field. c. are connected to the nasal and temporal halves of the retina, respectively.
d. receive input from the contralateral and ipsilateral halves of the visual field, respectively. e. send inhibitory signals back to the retina.

Back 16

may represent different visual systems.

Front 17

Another term for the primary visual cortex is a. visuospatial cortex. b. striate cortex. c. optic cortex.
d. calcarine cortex. e. superior visual cortex.

Back 17

striate cortex

Front 18

The ________ pathways are important for the synchronization of behavioral activity to that of the light-dark cycle. a. retino-pretectal b. retino-spinal
c. retino-geniculo-cortical d. retino-hypothalamic e. retino-cerebellar

Back 18

retino-hypothalamic

Front 19

Which of the following is true of “ON” and OFF” retinal cells? a. ON cells decrease their firing rate to a light placed onto the center of the field. b. OFF cells increase their firing rate to a light placed onto the center of the field. c. Rod bipolar cells are of the ON type. d. Rod bipolar cells are of the OFF type. e. ON cells help to detect a dark spot against a light background.

Back 19

Rod bipolar cells are of the ON type.

Front 20

The primate retina a. contains four photopigments. b. contains five photopigments. c. has one type of cone and three types of rods. d. uses rods to make fine acuity distinctions. e. is composed of alternating layers of rods and cones.

Back 20

contains four photopigments

Front 21

The color green will result when a combination of yellow and blue ________ are mixed together. a. dyes b. lights
c. positive afterimages d. pigments e. negative afterimage

Back 21

pigments

Front 22

A mixture of blue and yellow lights will form the color a. pink. b. mauve. c. white.
d. green. e. cyan.

Back 22

white

Front 23

The opponent-process theory of color vision was proposed by a. Hermann von Helmholtz. b. Thomas Young. c. Stephen Kuffler.
d. Ewald Hering. e. Paul Broca.

Back 23

ewald hering

Front 24

Retinal disparity is necessary for the process of a. brightness sensitivity. b. perception of negative afterimages. c. relative retinal size.
d. stereopsis. e. blue-yellow color vision.

Back 24

stereopsis

Front 25

Tasks that involve identification of an object form would be expected to activate neurons of ________, while tasks that identify the location of an object would activate ________.
26
a. the dorsal stream; the ventral stream b. the frontal cortex; the parietal cortex c. the ventral stream; the dorsal stream d. the parietal cortex; the frontal cortex e. area V5; area V1

Back 25

the ventral stream; the dorsal stream