Phlebotomy Ch. 5

Front 1

Additive

Back 1

Any material placed in a tube that maintains or facilitates the integrity and function of the sample.

Front 2

Capillary Action

Back 2

Adhesive molecular forces between liquid and solid materials that draw liquid into a narrow-bore capillary tube.

Front 3

Fibrin Degradation Products (FDP's)

Back 3

Fragments of the fibrin/clot found in the bloodstream.

Front 4

Fibrinolysis

Back 4

Process at the end of the clotting process that breaks down fibrin into small fragments, called FDP's that lead to disintegration of the clot.

Front 5

Flea

Back 5

Metal Rod used for mixing the blood sample that fits inside the capillary tube.

Front 6

Hemoconcentration

Back 6

Concentrating the constituents of blood by leaving the tourniquet on too long.

Front 7

Hemostasis

Back 7

Process of formation of a blood clot when an injury occurs and then lysing of that blood clot when the injury has been repaired.

Front 8

Palpate

Back 8

To search for a vein with a pressure-and-release touch.

Front 9

Platelet Adhesion

Back 9

The process of platelet clumps adhering to an injured area to stop bleeding.

Front 10

Platelet Aggregation

Back 10

The process of platelets clumping together during hemostasis.

Front 11

Thixotropic Separator Gel

Back 11

A gel material capable of forming an interface between the cells and fluid portion of the blood as a result of centrifugation.

Front 12

Tourniquet

Back 12

Any constrictor used to facilitate vein prominence. approx 1 inch wide by 15 to 18in long. Applied 3-4 inches above puncture site.

Front 13

Vasoconstriction

Back 13

Constriction of vessel(s) that limit blood flow.

Front 14

Viscosity

Back 14

Degree of thickness or resistance to flow of a substance.

Front 15

Metric System Prefixes

Back 15

Front 16

Metric Conversion Chart

Back 16

units in CC = mL
98.6¤ F = 37¤ C

Hint 16

Front 17

Important Metric Conversions

Back 17

1 kg= 2.2046 lbs
1 lb= .454 kg
0¤C= 32¤F (Freezing point of water)
100¤C= 212¤F (Water boils)
37¤C= 98.6¤F (Normal body temp)

Front 18

Breathing a Syringe

Back 18

Pull back on the plunger halfway up the barrel and then push the plunger back to allow the plunger to move more slowly and without the tendency to jerk when first pulled during a blood draw.

Front 19

Geriatric/Pediatric Patient Draws

Back 19

Syringes- no larger than 10-15 mL
Needles- 22 or 23 (can be paired with butterfly) gauge

Front 20

Needle Gauges and Uses

Back 20

27- PPD skin tests
25- Intermuscular injections
23- Butterfly or syringe collection
22- Syringe or evacuated system
(second most common)
21- Syringe or evacuated system (most common)
20- Syringe or evacuated system
18- IV's or blood donation
16- IV's or blood donation

Front 21

Entry Angles

Back 21

45¤ - radial arterial blood gas
30¤ - deep veins
15¤ - shallow veins
5¤ - butterfly collection set

Front 22

Becton Dickinson Eclipse Needle

Back 22

Evacuated tube system needle with an attached needle cover safety feature.

Front 23

VanishPoint Holder

Back 23

Needle holder with a built in safety device that automatically retracts the needle into the holder.

Front 24

Evacuated Collection Tube

Back 24

volume: 2-15mL
length: 65-127mm
diameter: 10mm (Peds), 13mm, and 16mm
Hemogard cap- prevents aerosols
Expiration- good till end of the month of stamp

Front 25

Luer Adaptor

Back 25

contains a port to attach to the butterfly in place of a needle

Front 26

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) Test

Back 26

Measurement for the intrinsic pathway. Also used to monitor heparin therapy of an individual.

Front 27

Prothrombin Time (PT) Test

Back 27

Measurement for the extrinsic pathway. Also used to monitor warfarin therapy.

Front 28

Intrinsic Pathway

Back 28

List of factors within the coagulation cascade involving trauma within the vascular system. Factor XII, Factor XI (Calcium), Factor IX (Platelet Factor 3), Factor VIII

Front 29

Extrinsic Pathway

Back 29

List of factors within the coagulation cascade involving external trauma-tissue injury. Tissue Thromboplastin (Calcium), Factor VII

Front 30

Hemophilia

Back 30

A condition where a person lacks the necessary coagulation factors for proper clotting of bleeding injuries.

Front 31

Grey Tube

Back 31

Potassium Oxalate- precipitate out calcium (anticoagulant)
Sodium Fluoride- inhibits glucose breakdown to 7%/hr (preservative)
Test- blood glucose levels

Front 32

Light Blue Tubes

Back 32

Sodium Citrate- binds to calcium (anticoagulant)
ratio of 9-1 (full draw) blood to anticoagulant.
Tests- PT, aPTT, and fibrinogen assay

Citrate, Theophylline, Adenosine, and Dipyridamole (CTAD)
Platelet function assays

Front 33

Yellow Tubes

Back 33

Solutions A and B- labeled as A or B with variations of mixtures with trisodium citrate, citric acid, and dextrose.
Tests- DNA, paternity, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) phenotyping, and immunohematology testing.

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)
inhibits phagocytosis of bacteria by WBC's, inhibits serum complement, inhibits certain antibiotics. Used to collect blood culture samples to examine grown bacteria.

Front 34

Lavender Tubes

Back 34

EDTA- binds with calcium (Anticoagulant)
Tripotassium EDTA liquid used in glass tubes
Dipotassium EDTA spray-dried powder used in plastic tubes.
Tests- CBC, Differential blood smears, microhematocrit results.

Front 35

White (Pearl Top) Tube

Back 35

EDTA and thixotropic gel. centrifuged amd frozen.
Tests- HIV, molecular diagnostic tests such as Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or branched DNA amplification techniques

Front 36

Royal Blue Tubes

Back 36

Uses specially refined glass, plastic, and rubber to avoid loss of trace elements lead, zinc, arsenic, or copper.
No label- no anticoagulant
Green label- sodium heparin (blocks Prothrombin to Thrombin) (anticoagulant)
Lavender label- Disodium EDTA (Anticoagulant)
Must be gently inverted 5-8 times immediately after collection to mix additive.

Front 37

Red Tube

Back 37

No additive

Front 38

Red-Grey (Tiger Top) Tube

Back 38

Serum Separating Tube (SST) with clot activator
Test- Blood Type screening

Front 39

Gold Tube

Back 39

Separating gel and clot activator
Tests- serology, endocrine, immunology, HIV

Front 40

Dark-Green Tube

Back 40

Sodium heparin or lithium heparin
Tests- Ammonia, lactate, and HLA typing

Front 41

Light-Green Tube

Back 41

Plasma separating tube (Na heparin)
Tests- chemistries

Front 42

Tan Tube

Back 42

Dipotassium EDTA
Inactivates Thrombin and thromboplastin
Test- serum lead determination

Front 43

Black Top

Back 43

Sodium Citrate
Test- Westergren sedimentation rate; requires a full draw.

Front 44

Orange Tube

Back 44

Thrombin (Quickly clots blood)
Test- STAT serum chemistries

Front 45

Sample Collection Tray

Back 45

-Alcohol swabs
-Gauze squares or cotton balls
-Evacuated tube holders (Vacutainer)
-Assorted evacuated tubes
-Syringes
-Syringe transfer device
-Various size syringe and evacuated tube needles
-Butterfly collection sets
-Microcollection equipment
-Tourniquets
-Disposable gloves
-Sharps container
-Marking pen
Clean and dismantle once per week