Phil 1300 - Midterm 2

Front 1

One of the problems raised by Kant's view is that

Back 1

moral truths are absolutes and absolutes can conflict

Front 2

Kant is a...

Back 2

non-consequentialist or deontological theorist

Front 3

Who wrote, "On Liberty?"

Back 3

MIll

Front 4

Kant's view is a rationalist view which means that reason tells us which rules promote the greatest good

Back 4

False, his view is deontological (duty based)

Front 5

"The gap between the rich and the poor is wide" is what kind of statement?

Back 5

Descriptive

Front 6

"The gap between the rich and the poor is unjust" is what kind of statement?

Back 6

Normative (opinion?)

Front 7

How are we to choose which rules are best according to utilitarianism?

Back 7

by experience alone

Front 8

According to rule utilitarianism, moral rules are intrinsically valuable

Back 8

False (pleasure?)

Front 9

The idea that all moral knowledge comes from experience alone is known as

Back 9

empiricism

Front 10

How are we to choose which rules are best, according to Kant?

Back 10

Reason. Rules should be selected by reason alone.

Front 11

On a utilitarian view, moral truths may be known with certainty

Back 11

False, on Kant's view moral truths may be known with certainty

Front 12

According to libertarianism, what kinds of laws are justified?

Back 12

laws that protect us from harm from others

Front 13

The object of "On Liberty" is to assert one principle. What is that principle?

Back 13

The Harm Principle

Front 14

According to the principle defended in "On Liberty"

a. the right act is one that promotes greatest utility

b. we are never permitted to interfere w/another person's liberty

c. paternalistic intervention in the lives of mature adults is not permitted

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

Back 14

c. paternalistic intervention in the lives of mature adults is not permitted

Front 15

Mill argues that the reason we are free is that we are born with inalienable rights, one of them being the right to liberty

Back 15

False

Front 16

What is meant by "utility" in "On Liberty"?

a. natural rights

b. rational duty

c. physical pleasure

d. all of the above

e. none of the above

Back 16

e. none of the above

Front 17

Even if a controversial view is true, if the majority believes it is false, the controversial view should not be allowed because it will make the majority unhappy, according to Mill.

Back 17

False

Front 18

If a view is false and offensive to the greatest number, it should not be allowed because of the pain it will produce, according to Mill.

Back 18

False

Front 19

Which of the following is true regarding Mill's view on the liberty of action?

a. we are only free to do those actions that promote the most utility

b. we are free to do anything at all

c. we are free only to treat humanity as an end and never as a means only

d. none of the above

Back 19

d. none of the above

Front 20

Does Mill think we should be able to do things that hurt ourselves if they hurt only ourselves?

Back 20

Yes, because it allows people to choose for themselves in an indispensable element in utility in the largest sense grounded on the permanent interest of man as a progressive being

Front 21

What is Mill's view of what he calls "experiments of living"?

Back 21

If people want to experiment with new or different lifestyles, they should be allowed to do so, as long as they don't harm others

Front 22

According to the text and lecture, justice is about what promotes the most utility

Back 22

False

Front 23

If a person has a negative right to something it requires that others provide something to the person with that right

Back 23

False

Front 24

According to Mill, paternalism promotes utility in the largest sense

Back 24

False

Front 25

According to Mill, unless a view is examined fully, frequently, and fearlessly,

Back 25

ALL OF THE ABOVE

-dead dogma

-held in a manner of prejudice

-meaning of the doctrine itself will be lost

Front 26

Who wrote, "What Libertarianism is"?

Back 26

Hospers

Front 27

A right is a claim or entitlement to something

Back 27

True

Front 28

If a person has a positive right to something, then others have the right not to interfere with that persons exercise of that right. They have no obligation to provide something for the person, only an obligation not to do something

Back 28

False

Front 29

If the right to life is a positive right, we have an obligation to provide the bare minimum needed to stay alive

Back 29

True

Front 30

If the right to life is negative, we have only the obligation not to kill each other unjustly

Back 30

True

Front 31

The right to property is a positive right, people are entitled to the property they need

Back 31

True

Front 32

Kant thinks lying is wrong because of the emotional pain it causes, not merely the physical

Back 32

False

Front 33

On Kant's view, moral truths may be known with certainty

Back 33

True

Front 34

Kant's view is deontological, meaning it is rooted in religion rather than consequences

Back 34

False

Front 35

Which of the following is an imperative?

a. Ppl always act on the maxim they can will a universal law

b. treating humanity always as an end is right

c. be happy!

d. all of the above

Back 35

c. be happy!

Front 36

According to Kant, pleasure is intrinsically valuable

Back 36

False

Front 37

A hypothetical imperative is in the form, "If you want X, then do Y!"

Back 37

True

Front 38

Kant thought moral imperatives were hypothetical imperatives

Back 38

False

Front 39

A will is a good will if and only if it sincerely desires to do the right thing and always acts according to that desire

Back 39

False

Front 40

I a person does the right thing by keeping a promise, that act has no moral worth if it is solely out of love for the person, on Kant's view

Back 40

True

Front 41

A good will, according to Kant, is the will that chooses according to reason and is not swayed by desire.

Back 41

True

Front 42

Kant's view is like rule utilitarianism in that

Back 42

according to both, the formulation of rules is an important part of moral deliberation

Front 43

According to Kant, it is always wrong to treat a person as a means

Back 43

False

Front 44

On Kant's view, lying to keep from hurting a person's feelings treats that person merely as a means

Back 44

True

Front 45

Treating a person better than he or she deserves treats that person as an end by recognizing the intrinsic value of that person

Back 45

False

Front 46

Which of the following is a correct formulation of Kant's categorical imperative?

Back 46

b. so act as to treat humanity, whether yourself or others, in every case as an end withal, never as a means only

Front 47

If a person does what is right out of self-love the act has no moral worth, according to Kant, but if it is done out of love for humanity, that person's act has great moral worth, according to Kant.

Back 47

False

Front 48

When Mill says that we have the liberty of tastes and pursuits, he means only that we have the liberty to think and say what we choose.

Back 48

False

Front 49

Kant's view is a relativist view

Back 49

False

Front 50

On Kant's view we know that lying promises are wrong because

Back 50

the rule that allows it leads to contradiction

Front 51

If a person does the right thing because reason says to do it, the act has no moral worth unless the person is motivated by a genuine love of humanity

Back 51

False

Front 52

According to Mill/Bentham/Utilitarianism/hedonism, pleasure is intrinsically valuable

Back 52

True

Front 53

Does the self-interested tradesman's act have moral worth

Back 53

No (done from desire)

Front 54

Does the benevolent tradesman's act have moral worth?

Back 54

No (done from desire)

Front 55

Does the clinically depressed tradesman's act have moral worth?

Back 55

Yes, because it is done from duty, not inclination

Front 56

Retributive justice vs distributive justice

Back 56

retributive - the issue of fair punishment

distributive- issues surrounding the fair distribution of society's goods

Front 57

Hospers does not use utility as his standard, he uses

Back 57

self-ownership

Front 58

The right to property is

Back 58

not the right to just take it from others, for this would interfere with their property right. It is rather the right to work for it, to obtain non-coercively, the money or services which you can present in voluntary exchange

Front 59

Libertarian functions of government

Back 59

To protect human rights (the rights to life, liberty, and property)

Front 60

3 classifications of laws

Back 60

1. laws protecting individuals against themselves (paternalistic)

2. laws protecting individuals agains aggressions of other individuals

3. laws requiring people to help one another (welfare)