Pharm Set 4 Test 1

Front 1

Drugs that mimic the body’s regulatory molecules are called _______ and drugs
that block the actions of endogenous regulators are called _________.

Back 1

agonists / antagonists

Front 2

When the receptors of a cell are continually exposed to an agonist, the cell
usually becomes less responsive; this is referred to be ____________or
____________ or to have undergone______________________.

Back 2

desensitized / refractory / down-regulation

Front 3

The four primary families of receptors are_____________, ______________,
_______________, and ______________________.

Back 3

cell membrane-embedded enzymes, ligand-gated ion channels, G protein - coupled receptor systems, and transcription factors.

Front 4

The effective dose is defined as__________________.

Back 4

the dose that is required to produce a defined therapeutic response in 50% of the population.

Front 5

Patients receiving both halothane and succinylcholine may develop
______________________.

Back 5

malignant hyperthermia

Front 6

Three possible outcomes that may occur when drug A interacts with drug B
are: _____________________, ________________, or_________________.

Back 6

(1) one drug may intensify the effects of the other; (2) one drug may reduce the effects of the others; (3) or the combination may produce a new response not seen with either drug alone.

Front 7

When a patient is taking two medications and one drug may intensify the effects of the other, the interaction is termed__________________.

Back 7

potentiative

Front 8

Interactions that result in reduced drug effects are often termed
______________.

Back 8

inhibitory

Front 9

Direct interactions are most commonly found when drugs are combined _______________.

Back 9

in IV solutions

Front 10

Interactions are especially important for drugs that have a ______________
therapeutic index.

Back 10

low

Front 11

Some foods cause decreased absorption of drugs. Absorption of digoxin is
significantly reduced by ____________, ___________, and ______________.

Back 11

wheat bran, rolled oats, and sunflower seeds.

Front 12

The most dramatic example of drug-food interactions that sometimes increase
toxicity is the interaction between ______________________________ and
____________________________.

Back 12

monoamine oxidase (MHO) inhibitors (a family of anti-depressents) and food rich in tyramine (e.g. aged cheeses, yeast extracts, Chianti wine).

Front 13

Any noxious, unintended, and undesired effect that occurs at normal drug doses
is defined by the World Health Organization as______________________.

Back 13

adverse drug reaction.

Front 14

Mild adverse drug reactions include _____________, ____________,
_____________, and _____________. Severe reactions include ___________,
____________, _____________, ______________, and _____________, all
of which can result in ____________________.

Back 14

drowsiness, nausea, itching, and rash. /depression, respiratory depression, neutropenia, hemmorrhage, hepatoceullular injury, and anaphylaxis / death