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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pharmatokinetics four process are:
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Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion
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The movement of a substance from its site of administration across one or more body membranes.
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Absorption
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Process of which drugs are transported after they have been absorbed or administered in the bloodstream/ fat soluble
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Distribution
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The total of all chemical reactions in the body mainly in the liver
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Metabolism
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Chemical conversion of drug from one form to another, increasing or decreasing the drugs activity
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Biotransformation
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sulfasalazine are activitated by biotransformation
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Prodrugs
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What carries drugs absorbed from the GI to the liver where they are biotransformed by hepatic First Pass
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Hepatic Portal Circulation
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What varies in metabolic ensyme efficiency affect metabolism
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Age, Kidney and Liver Disease
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Pharmacokinetics and the process of excretion is removed via what?
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Urination, Exhalation, Bile (liver), Glands (saliva, sweat, breast milk)
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Another term for excretion
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Elimination
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Related measure..time required for the drug concentration to reduce by 1/2;influenced by Liver and Kidney disease.
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Half Life
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factors that influence the effectiveness of Drug therapy
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Concentration of drug, frequency of drug dosing, food-drug interactions, drug-drug interactions, absorption rate, metabolic rate, genetics, excretion rate, half life of drug, changing medical condition
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Mechanism of drug action/ how drugs exert itself
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Pharmacodynamics
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A cellular component to which a drug binds to in a dose related manner.
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Receptor
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Drugs binding receptor and causing cellular response
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Agonist
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Blockers, they inhibit or block the response of agonist
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Antagonists
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Drugs strength at a certain dosage.
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Potency
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Ability of a drug to produce a more intense respnse as its concentration is increased.
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Efficacy
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The licensed LVN is administering Avandia, an oral hypoglycemic drug. the LVN knows that the priniciple involved in th eprocess of oral administration drugs is.
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the longer dissolution time, the more delayed the action.
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The patient has returned from surgery. The patinet's pain is 8 on a scale of 1 to 10. Of the following choices,identify the bet method to deliver pain medication to the patient that will be the most direct,reliable, and rapid toute absorption for the patient.
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Parenteral
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nurses must be aware of the first-pass effect of some drugs. Which of the following is considered a componenr of the first-pass effect
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Hepatic portal circulation
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In disscussing age-related changes associated with excretion, the nurse is aware that:
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when the kidneys are not functioning properly,drughs tend to remain in the blood stream longer.
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Metabolic reactions deactivates most drugs. There are instances in which drugs are actually made more active by a nonspecific chemical approach after metabolism. identify the correct name for these drugs.
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Prodrugs
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The primary routes for drug excretion are:
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Renal tubules and gastrointestinal tract
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Most drugs are biotransformed in which body area?
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liver
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The patient is taking a drug with short half-life. the nurse explains this by stating that half-life is the time required:
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To decrease concentration in the blood by one-half.
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the pharmacology laboratory researchers knows that drugs can gain access to all body tissues. The barrier that is addressed in category X safety classification of drugs is:
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Blood-placental barrier
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The field of study that researches factores affecting the human interaction with drug therapy mechanism of action,concentration,food-frug interactions,drug-drug interations, drug half-life, and heredity properties of drug therapy is called________
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Pharmacodynamics.
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