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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Inflammation
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Chronic inflammation.. affects all organs and
tissues of the body. Chronic inflammation occurs when there is a sustained infection, like periodontitis Chronic inflammation involves more inflammatory mediators than the immediate innate response |
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Periodontitis and Systemic
Inflammation |
• 55% of patients with severe periodontitis manifest
positive arterial blood cultures after chewing parafin • Immediately following dental scaling, bacteremia resulted in increased circulating serum TNF- and IL-6. • Perio treatment decreases systemic inflammation (serum CRP, TNF- ). |
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look at the upper left slide 4
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look at it
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Periodontitis is associated with
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• Cardiovascular Disease
• Diabetes • Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes • Pulmonary Disease |
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Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
(CDV) |
29.2% of global deaths are attributed to CVD.
Atherosclerosis : is a major component of CVD. |
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Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
(CDV) (1) |
Atherosclerosis :
-Always begins with injury to the endothelium of blood vessels - Periodontal pathogens have been found in atherosclerotic lesions. |
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look at upper right slide 5
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look at it
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Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
(CDV) (2) |
4 possible biological explanations for how
periodontitis is related to CDV : 1) Direct effect of periodontal pathogens on platelets 2) Cross reactivity 3) Periodontal pathogen invasion of vessels 4) Triggering of proinflammatory cytokines |
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Hypothesis 1—Direct Effect of
Periodontal Pathogens on Platelets |
look slides 5
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look slide 6
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look at it
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Periodontitis as a Risk
Factor for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes |
Low birth weight
Preterm birth |
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PTLBW
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LBW - <2500 gm
PT- Short gestational period < 37 weeks Factors : High > (34 years) Low (17 years) maternal age Low socioeconomic status Inadequate pre natal care Drug use, Alcohol use, tobacco use., Hypertension Diabetes mellitus And now – Periodontal Infection |
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Risk Factor—Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes : research summary
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An association may exist between periodontal
disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes |
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Dental Hygiene Implications
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RDHs should educate female patients
early about the association between adverse pregnancy outcomes and periodontal infection and provide early oral hygiene services for pregnant women and those considering pregnancy. |
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Periodontitis as a Risk
Factor for Diabetes Complications |
Diabetes and Periodontal
Disease—A Two-Way Relationship : It is clear that diabetes increases the risk for and severity of periodontal disease. Periodontal disease may exacerbate diabetes mellitus. |
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DM : research summary
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Summary of research studies
Periodontal disease may impact glycemic control. |
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Glycemic Control in Diabetes
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Refers to the typical levels of blood sugar
(glucose) in a person with diabetes mellitus Management of diabetes involves patients measuring and recording their own blood glucose levels. |
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Measuring Blood Sugar Level
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Measured with a glucose meter, with the result in either
milligrams per deciliter (United States) or millimoles per liter (Canada and Europe) In a person with diabetes, before a meal, the goal is a level of <6.1 mmol/L (<110 mg/dL). After a meal, the goal is a level of <7.8 mmol/L (<140 mg/dL). |
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Poor Glycemic Control
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Prolonged elevated glucose in the
blood will over time result in serious diabetic complications and sometimes even death. 200 to 500 mg/dL (11 to 12 mmol/L) |
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Diabetes and Periodontitis
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A recent review of 55 studies involving subjects with
diabetes found consistent evidence of greater periodontitis: •Prevalence •Incidence •Severity •Extent •Progression Dose-response relationship- as glycemic control worsens, periodontitis worsens. |
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DM and Periodontitis- The 2 Way Relationship
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DM --> inlmmatory state and destructive enviorment --> periodontal pathogents --> increassed peridontal desturction --> periodnotits with additonal increasse in PgE2 and cytokines IL-1B , IL6 and TNF-a --> further aggrevative lipid metabolism and increasse insulin resistance --> increasse serum lipids and increasse in blood glucose levels ---> go back to the beging and it's like a cirlce
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