Pediatric Disorders

Front 1

Non progressive damage to the cns during prenatal birth or post natal period

Wide variety of motor and cognitive dysfunction compensatory

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Cerebral palsy

Front 2

Compensatory patterns in v cerebral palsy kids causes what

Back 2

Extensor tone

Deformities of soft tissue

Then bony changes and skeletal deformities and dislocations when should intense treatment

Front 3

When should intense treatment start for cerebral palsy

Why

Back 3

4-6 months

Still has plasticity to change movement patterns

Front 4

Most common type of cp

What is it

Back 4

Hyper tonicity (spasticity) fixed lesion in the motor portion of the cerebral cortex

Front 5

What is rigidity cp

Back 5

Severe decerebrate lesion

Front 6

Athetosis cp

Back 6

Involvement of basal ganglia

Difficulty with midline movements

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Ataxic cp

Back 7

Cerebellar lesion

Difficulty with distal movements balance and coordination

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Monoplegia

Back 8

Involvement of only one extremity

Front 9

Diplegia

Back 9

Bilateral LE involvement with mild UE involvement

Most common

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Paraplegia

Back 10

Only BLE involvement

Front 11

Hemiplegia

Back 11

UE AND LE involvement in same side

Front 12

Quadriplegia

Back 12

Equal involvement of bue and ble’s

Front 13

Level one vs level five of cp severity

Back 13

1 walks without limitations

5 wheelchair transportation

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Risk factors for developing cp

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Intraventricular hemorrhage

Hypoxia anoxia

Periventricular leukomalacia

Front 15

Grade one and grade five of hemorrhage

Back 15

One bleeding in only germinal matrix

5 extends into brain tissue around ventricles

Front 16

What is pvl

Back 16

Softening or death of the white matter because of lack of blood flow

Affects descending motor tract

Ue LE spasticity

Front 17

Myelodysplasia (spina bifuda)

Back 17

Neural tube defect

Front 18

Possible causes of spina bifida

Back 18

Decrease folic acid

Hot tub soak

Drugs and alcohol

Front 19

When surgery for spina bifida

Back 19

In womb or within 24hr

Front 20

Spina bifida aperta

Open or visible

2 types

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Myelomeningocele

Meningocele

Front 21

Spina bifida occulta

Back 21

No spinal cord involvement last closure of the spinous processes

Indicated by a tuft dimple on low back

Front 22

Clinical presentation of spina bifida

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Sensory/motor dysfunction

Hydrocephalus

Seizures

Tethered cord

Bladder bowel issue

Cognitive impairments

Front 23

Orthopedic impairments that you see with spina bifida

Back 23

Clubfoot, hip subluxation, scoliosis, osteoporosis obesity

Front 24

What are the associated abnormalities of spina bifida?

Back 24

Hydrocephalus, Arnold Chari, two malformation deformity of the cerebellum, medulla and cervical spinal cord

Front 25

Treatment for hydrocephalus with spina bifida

Back 25

They have an increased head circumference in infants and depressed vital signs respiratory arrest

Surgical shunt placement

Front 26

How does the shunt malfunction with hydrocephalus from spina bifida?

Back 26

Vomiting, sunsetting, eyes, irritability, increased, head, circumference, headaches, seizures, lethargy, irritability, edema, personality, changes, memory loss

Front 27

Tethered cord symptoms

Back 27

Restless legs during sleep, spasticity and lower extremity clonus gate deviations progressive loss of control over bladder and bowel incontinence recurrent urinary tract infections

Front 28

Genetic disorder with presentation of hypotonia, feeding problems in infants and excessive, eating and obesity and childhood. Poor fine and gross motor coordination, short stature, hands that are small and feet that are small.

Back 28

Prader willi syndrome

Front 29

Early signs of muscular dystrophy

Back 29

Increased falling reluctance to walk and run tiptoe, walking difficulty getting off the floor, difficulty navigating stairs

Front 30

What is the Gower maneuver?

Back 30

In order for the child to get up, they have to push themselves and walk up their knees

Front 31

Muscular dystrophy and adolescence

Back 31

Increased muscle weakness increased contractors, loss of ambulation, transfers, more difficult contractors, scoliosis, frequent falls in ability to rise from floor or climb stairs loss of muscle strength by 50% in lower extremities

Front 32

Genetic disease, death of neuronal cells in anterior horn of the spinal cord causes overall muscle weakness and wasting mortality, 10 years variability and symptoms, severity and types

Back 32

Spinal muscular atrophy

Front 33

Developmental delay with spinal muscular atrophy

Back 33

Ages 3 to 9 delays noted by diagnostic testing in physical cognitive communication, social emotional and adaptive development requires special education at school

Front 34

Signs of developmental delay by seven months

Back 34

Stiff or floppy reaches only using one side of the body refuses to cuddle, does not roll over head control lacking does not sit with help. Does not babble does not bear weight does not try to get attention through actions lack of integration of innate motor behaviors

Front 35

Signs of developmental delay by three years old

Back 35

Frequent flaws, drooling or unclear speech, unable to build blocked tower no pretend to play a little interest in other children, immature gate using only one side of the body

Front 36

Motor coordination disorder below expected levels for child’s chronological agent, intelligence significantly interferes with academic achievement, or ADLs. Also also referred to as developmental apraxia.

Back 36

Developmental coordination disorder

Front 37

Clinical presentation of developmental coordination disorder

Back 37

Poor gross and fine motor skills unable to skip cross midline handwriting is bad unable to tie, proprioception, vestibular problems, muscle weakness, and low tone require verbal and visual cues constantly on how to perform a task even if they were recently successful

Front 38

What is plagiocephaly?

Back 38

A flattened head

Front 39

This disorder has two or more of the following limitations, communication social skills, self-care home, living community is self direction, health and safety, functional academics leisure work

Back 39

Intellectual disability

Front 40

PT intervention for plagiocephaly

Back 40

Prone, positioning, helmet

Front 41

What is torticollis?

Back 41

Asymmetrical, posturing of head and neck side bend to ipsilateral side with rotation to contralateral side named for the direction of tilt example 75% right torticollis

Front 42

Clinical presentation of right torticollis

Back 42

Elongated and weak, left SCm

Shortening of right upper trap and left spontaneous cap significant trunk tightness, decreased symmetrical, upper and lower body rotation, and lateral flexion

Front 43

Secondary complications of torticollis

Back 43

Developmental delay, due to decrease, prone tolerance, plagiocephaly, shoulder, elevation, and decreased active or passive range of motion in upper extremity on the affected side decreased midline control, decreased range of motion during growth, spurts, fussiness, irritability pain

Front 44

PT intervention for torticollis

Back 44

Positioning, stretching, facilitation of opposing musculature, developmental motor skills

Front 45

Incident is one and 1000 births paralysis or weakness of the upper extremity due to trauma to C5 to T1 spinal nerve routes types include erbs klumpkes and erb klumpke

Back 45

Brachioplexus injury

Front 46

Signs of brachial plexus injury

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Waiters, tip hand or claw hand

Front 47

Causes of brachial plexus injury

Back 47

Difficult labor, large, baby hypotonic infant traction on shoulder during delivery and breach position or head and neck during vertex delivery

Front 48

Which category of club foot is it? Still flexible with medial and planter deviation of head and neck of talus foot size equal no atrophy postural club foot.

Back 48

One

Front 49

True clubfoot with fixed deformity involves tail navicular in mid tarsal joints soft tissues of calf are not contracted and underdeveloped

Back 49

Category two clubfoot

Front 50

Multi joint contractors, cause unknown lack of fetal movement

Back 50

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita

Front 51

Severe fixed deformity usually associated with myelodysplasia may have other severe neuromuscular, skeletal problems, club foot category

Back 51

Category three

Front 52

Brittle bone disease, inherited disorder of connective tissue, resulting in fragile bones, muscle weakness, ligamentous, laxity multiple fractures at birth infants don’t usually survive, need to be carried with a pillow

Back 52

Osteogenesis imperfecta

Front 53

Shallow socket, hip disease

Back 53

Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Front 54

A vascular necrosis of the femoral head in boys

Back 54

Leg calf Perthes disease

Front 55

Femoral head slips or is displaced from normal alignment with femoral neck and it is in invoice and there is an obesity factor

Back 55

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Front 56

What disease happens to 70% of cases eight to one female to male ratio late onset most often may have been present earlier with rapid progression during growth spurts

Back 56

Idiopathic scoliosis

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Complications of idiopathic scoliosis

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Cardiopulmonary function impairment increase incidence of pulmonary disease and compromise of heart function decreased life expectancy changes due to lateral flexion, deformities angulation of ribs, narrowing of thoracic cage, organ compromise

Front 58

Behavior conditions existing on continuum involving socialization communication repetitive behavior clinical signs are evident before three years old

Back 58

Autism

Front 59

What are these signs of poor eye contact doesn’t know how to play with toys excessively lines up toys overly attached to one object doesn’t smile appear hearing impaired motor signs, low muscle tone, coordination deficits, toe walking sensory impairments

Back 59

Autism

Front 60

Trisomy 21 risk factors, mother over age 35 genetic condition

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Down syndrome

Front 61

Flattened back of the head, narrow eyes with slanted eyelids, short stat or small mouth, small hands, and feet space between first and second toes

Back 61

Down syndrome

Front 62

Physiological impairments of down syndrome

Back 62

How do you spell Tony, cognitive impairment, sensory deficits, motor delay, poor posture and balance, congenital, heart defect, decrease aerobic capacity, decrease, cough production

Front 63

Musculoskeletal impairments of down syndrome

Back 63

Joint hyper flexibility with ligamentous laxity, flat feet, scoliosis, hips subluxation at Lanto axial instability

Front 64

Genetic disorder, obstructive, pulmonary disease, exocrine gland, dysfunction, where the lungs are affected, viscous, secretions, hyperplasia, and hypertrophy of mucus secreting glands

Back 64

Cystic fibrosis

Front 65

Most common type of muscular dystrophy excellent to possessive disease, only found in males loss of muscle cells due to abnormal or lack of dystrophin protein in muscle cell membrane

Back 65

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Front 66

Clinical presentation of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

Back 66

Severe muscle weakness and wasting scoliosis contractors. Respiratory failure cardiomyopathy, unable to walk by 8 to 12 onset, 2 to 6 years, life expectancy variable, generally fatal by the late teens to early 20s