Dnh 130- Paralleling Technique (Oral Radiography Chapter 17)

Front 1

The paralleling technique is also known as the

Back 1

extension cone paralleling (XCP) technique, right-angle technique, and long-cone technique.

Front 2

When using the paralleling technique, the receptor is placed in the mouth ________ to the long axis of the _______ being radiographed.

Back 2

Parallel; tooth.

Front 3

When using the paralleling technique, the central ray of the x-ray beam is directed _________ to the receptor and the long axis of the tooth.

Back 3

Perpendicular

Front 4

When using the paralleling technique, a _________ must be used to keep the receptor parallel with the long axis of the tooth.

Back 4

beam alignment device

Front 5

___________ lines intersect one another to form right angles.

Back 5

Perpendicular

Front 6

The receptor and the long access of the tooth should be _______.

Back 6

Parallel

Front 7

A target receptor distance of _____ inches is required.

Back 7

16

Front 8

To achieve parallelism between the receptor and the tooth, the receptor must be placed _____ from the tooth and ______ the middle of the oral cavity.

Back 8

away; toward

Front 9

Object receptor distance

Back 9

The distance between the tooth and the receptor.

Front 10

What size receptor is used for anterior regions, and how is it positioned?

Back 10

Size 1. It is always positioned vertically for anterior teeth.

(book says size 1 & sometimes size 2, PPs say size 2 & sometimes size 1 for a narrow palate)

Front 11

What size receptor is used for posterior regions, and how is it positioned?

Back 11

Size 2. It is positioned horizontally for posterior teeth.

Front 12

What is the correct vertical angulation when using a paralleling technique?

Back 12

The central ray of the x-ray beam must be perpendicular and make a right angle with the long axis of the tooth.

Front 13

What is the correct horizontal angulation when using a paralleling technique?

Back 13

The central ray of the x-ray beam must be directed through the contact areas between the teeth.

Front 14

Adjust the patient headrest so the maxillary arch is ______ to the floor, and the midsaggital plane is ______ to the floor.

Back 14

parallel; perpendicular

Front 15

When exposing periapical receptors with the paralleling technique, always begin with the _______ teeth.

Back 15

anterior

Front 16

How many anterior placements may be used when using a size 1 receptor?

Back 16

7 total (4 maxillary, 3 mandibular)

Front 17

How many anterior placements may be used when using a size 2 receptor?

Back 17

6 total (3 maxillary and 3 mandibular)

Front 18

Begin with maxillary right _____ and end with the maxillary left ______.

Back 18

canine; canine

Front 19

You should work in what direction?

Back 19

Maxillary right to maxillary left. Then move from mandibular left to mandibular right.

Front 20

Are anterior or posterior teeth radiographed first?

Back 20

Anterior are always first.

Front 21

Correct positioning for paralleling technique (pic)

Back 21

Front 22

The farther apart the receptor and tooth are

Back 22

the greater the image magnification, giving a decrease in image definition.

Front 23

One ring holder or universal receptor holding device

Back 23

Rinn XCP

Front 24

What are the preparation steps for a FMS?

Back 24

▪︎Set up receptors in the correct FMS positions on a paper towel on the counter.

▪︎Explain procedure to patient

▪︎Place lead apron and thyroid collar

▪︎Remove all objects from patient (jewelry, dentures, etc.)

Front 25

Anterior receptor placement for maxillary canines

Back 25

Entire crown and root, mesial contact must be present, distal contact may be obscured by 1st premolar. Must move the PID distally to open up the distal contact area.

Front 26

Anterior receptor placement for mandibular canines.

Back 26

Entire crown and root, and both mesial and distal contacts.

Front 27

Anterior receptor placement for maxillary incisors.

Back 27

One view for both centrals and laterals.

Front 28

Anterior receptor placement for mandibular incisors.

Back 28

All four mandibular incisors, all contacts, and apex of tooth.

Front 29

What is the correct posterior periapical receptor placement for premolars?

Back 29

All crowns and roots of premolars, from the distal of canine to the mesial of the 1st molar.

Front 30

What is the correct posterior periapical receptor placement for molars?

Back 30

All crowns and roots of all molars present and the distal of the 2nd premolar.

Front 31

When taking periapicals, the identification dot is directed

Back 31

toward the occlusal in ALL periapicals.

Front 32

In the instance of a maxillary torus, you should place the film where?

Back 32

On the far side of the torus.

Front 33

In the instance of mandibular tori, you should place the film where?

Back 33

Between the tongue and tori.

Front 34

In order to achieve parallelism in a patient with a shallow palate, what adjustments do you need to make?

Back 34

You may need to adjust the vertical angulation, or use cotton rolls to achieve parallelism.

Front 35

Disadvantages of the paralleling technique are

Back 35

▪︎Receptor placement

▪︎Discomfort

Front 36

Advantages of the paralleling technique are

Back 36

▪︎Accuracy

▪︎Simplicity

▪︎Duplication

Front 37

Do maxillary anterior or mandibular anterior teeth have larger crowns and roots?

Back 37

Maxillary anterior teeth

Front 38

Most roots curve in which direction?

Back 38

Distally