Ornithology + Mammology Lab Quiz 3

Front 1

what is the space between incisors and premolars called when large?

Back 1

diastema

Front 2

marsupials subclass

Back 2

metatheria

Front 3

what are the different measurements of the lower jaw?

Back 3

mandibular diastema: lower incisor to first tooth

mandibular length: greatest length of the mandible excluding teeth

mandibular tooth row: length from anterior edge to posterior edge

Front 4

new world opossums order and subclass

Back 4

order: didelphimorphia

subclass: metatheria

Front 5

placental mammal subclass

Back 5

eutheria

Front 6

shrew family and characteristics and order

Back 6

family: soricidae

order: soricomorpha

small, red pigment in jaws, always under scope if on quiz

small cartilaginous zygomatic arch: dissapears in preservation

Front 7

mole family and characteristics and order

Back 7

family: talpidae

order: soricomorpha

complete zygomatic arch, no teeth staining

Front 8

bat order and common bat family and characteristics

Back 8

order: chiroptera

family vespertilionidae

hole/horseshoe in front of skull

Front 9

rabbits and pikas order

Back 9

lagomorpha

Front 10

rabbits and hares family and characteristics and order

Back 10

family: leporidae

order: lagomorpha

large supraorbital processes

lattice-like fenestration on side of maxilla

Front 11

pikas family and characteristics and order

Back 11

family: ochotonidae

order: lagomorpha

small rabbit skull but without supraorbital processes

Front 12

rodent order and different skull types

Back 12

rodentia

sciuromorph: large fossa in cheek, some muscle attachment on maxilla

hystricomorph: large infraorbital foramina

myomorph: in between hystrico and sciuro

Front 13

mountain beaver family and skull type

Back 13

aplondontidae

sciuromorph

elongated auditory bullae

first premolars are divided into three pegs

Front 14

beaver family and skull type and characteristics

Back 14

castoridae

sciuromorph

large scoop on the maxilla

Front 15

new world rats and mice family

Back 15

cricetidae

Front 16

new world rat and mice subfamily and family

Back 16

sub: neominae

family cricetidae

bushy tailed woodrat and deer mouse

larger process above orbit than in muridae

Front 17

vole and muskrat subfamily and family:

Back 17

sub: arvicolinae

family: cricetidae

prismatic crown teeth

Front 18

porcupine family, skull type and characteristics and order

Back 18

family: erethizontidae

order: rodentia

hystricomorph skull

hypsodont with lophodont-like crown

small diastema

Front 19

pocket gopher family

Back 19

geomyidae

lips close behind incisors

nasal bones protrude prominently

Front 20

pocket mice family

Back 20

heteromyidae

very prominent auditory bullae

very long rostrum

45 degree angle with incisors and rostrum

Front 21

old world mice family and characteristics

Back 21

muridae

less two toned in colour than deer mise

bunodont teeth, lack premolars, key characteristic from cricetids is that the first molar is large

very small back molar

each molar has three cusped ridges running from front to back

Front 22

squirrel, marmot, chipmunk family and characteristics

Back 22

sciuridae

sciuromorph skull

cheek teeth all bunodont

very prominent post-orbital process

very-rounded auditory bullae

Front 23

true flying squirrel subfamily and family

Back 23

sub: pteromyini

family: sciuridae

Front 24

terrestrial squirrels and marmots subfamily

Back 24

xerinae

Front 25

jumping mice family and characteristics

Back 25

dipodidae

large infraorbital foramena

upper incisors grooved on the front surface

similar to pocket mice but have smaller angle between rostrum and incisors

pocket mice have larger auditory bullae

Front 26

order of canines, felines, etc

Back 26

carnivora

Front 27

wolf, coyote and fox family and characteristics

Back 27

canidae

large rostrum

large saggital crest

molars have 90 degree to carnassial

Front 28

differentiate wolf skull from coyote and fox skulls, and coyote from fox

Back 28

foramina in lower jaw lines up with canines in fox and coyote, lower in wolf

distinct groove in post orbital processes in coyotes, smooth post orbital processes in coyotes

Front 29

cougar, lynx and bobcat family and characteristics

Back 29

felidae

shorter than canine

very large reduction or loss of molars

Front 30

differentiate lynx skull from bobcat skull

Back 30

if skull set on teeth and occipital condyle touching ground then lynx, if auditory bullae touching then bobcat

Front 31

otters weasel badger and wolverine family

Back 31

mustelidae

large brain case with short jaws and teeth

molar right angle to carnassial on top jaw in many mustelids

Front 32

otter subfamily

Back 32

lutrinae

Front 33

wolverine, fisher and marten subfamily and family

Back 33

sub:martinae

fam: mustelidae

Front 34

weasel and mink subfamily and family

Back 34

sub: mustelinae

fam: mustelidae

Front 35

badger subfamily and family

Back 35

sub: taxinae

fam: mustelidae

Front 36

skunk family

Back 36

mephitidae

skunk skull similar to badger

plantigrade foot pattern

5 toes and distinct claw marks

Front 37

false seal family

Back 37

otariidae

very little tooth differentiation -- peg like

Front 38

true-seal family

Back 38

phocidae

similar to otariidae in teeth

Front 39

raccoon family

Back 39

procyonidae

look like a small bear skull

less rounded skull than cats, carnassials are more molar like, more molars than cats

Front 40

bear family

Back 40

ursidae

distinct nose, standard omnivore teeth

plantigrade feet

almost a diastema present

Front 41

even-toed hoofed mammals order

Back 41

artiodactyla

Front 42

bison, mountain goat, bigorn and thinhorn sheep family

Back 42

bovidae

continuously grown horns

Front 43

moose, elk, deer, caribou family

Back 43

cervidae

antlers instead of horns

Front 44

differentiate caribou and elk from mule and white-tailed deer, and elk from caribou, and mule from white-tailed

Back 44

caribou and elk grow horns backwards, deer grow forwards

caribou have spatulate tip, and have branching after main beam, elk doesn't

mule split after branching off from main antler beam

Front 45

what is the basal length

Back 45

front of incisors/premaxilla to the most anterior point of the lower border of the foramen magnum

Front 46

basilar length

Back 46

directly behind incisors to most anterior point of lower border of foramen magnum

Front 47

greatest length

Back 47

front of premaxilla to posterior point of the condyles surrounding the foramen magnum

Front 48

diastema length

Back 48

behind incisors to front of first alveoli/teeth

Front 49

postorbital constriction

Back 49

(from top of skull) least distance across top of skull behind postorbit process

Front 50

breadth of braincase

Back 50

greatest width across brain case behind zygomatic arches

Front 51

zygomatic breadth

Back 51

greatest distance between outer margins of the zygomatic arches

Front 52

mastoid breadth

Back 52

greatest width of skull including mastoid

Front 53

mole and shrew order

Back 53

soricomorpha