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38 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Blepharitis
-Yellow flakes/scales in lashes
-Inflamed lid margins
-Buildup of secretions +/- bacterial overgrowth
-Rx: lid hygiene +/- antibiotic ointment
Hordeolum (stye)
-Blockage of lid gland: external = hair follicle, internal = melbomian gland
- +/- infection
-Rx: warm compress
Blepharitis
-Yellow flakes/scales in lashes
-Inflamed lid margins
-Buildup of secretions +/- bacterial overgrowth
-Rx: lid hygiene +/- antibiotic ointment
Hordeolum (stye)
-Blockage of lid gland: external = hair follicle, internal = melbomian gland
- +/- infection
-Rx: warm compress
Chalazion
-Chronic Stye
-Rx: warm compress +/- I&D
Dacryocystitis
-infection of nasolacrimal duct due to obstruction
-Rx: oral antibiotics then surgery (dacryocystorhinostomy)
canaliculitis
-Infection in canaliculus
-uncommon
-chronic, unusual organism (Actinomyces israelii)
-Rx: REFER, I&D + antibiotic irrigation
Dacryoadenitis
-Young people
-Infection of lacrimal gland
-May look like other things
-Rx: REFER, oral/IV antibiotics +/- I&D
Preseptal Cellulitis
-Eylid redness, edema & tenderness
-Infection spread from adjacent wound/sinus
-S. aureus, S. pneumo, H. flu
Orbital Cellulitis
-Eyelid redness, edema and tenderness
-chemosis, proptosis, limited EOM, pain with movement
-Infection spread from sinus, nasolacrimal gland or orbital fracture
-Rx: CT, IV antibiotics
Subconjuctival Hemorrhage
-Traumatic cause - REFER
-Spontaneous cause - self resolving (10 days)
Bacterial Conjunctivitis
-redness and mild irritation
-purulent discharge, conjunctival papillae, no pre-auricular LN's
-S. aureus (+/-blepharitis), S. pneumo, H. flu
-Rx: polysporin, fucithalmic
Hyperpurulent Conjuctivitis
-Serious condition - may get corneal perforation
-gonococcal infection
-URGENT REFERRAL
-Rx: intensive IV and topical antibiotics
Viral Conjunctivitis
-itching, burning, redness
-Follicular conjunctival reactions
-Subepithelial infiltrates (1-2wks after infection)
-history of viral URI
-highly contagious
-adenovirus usually
-worsening for 4-7 days, resolves in next 2-3weeks
-Rx: arifical tears and cool compress
Allergic Conjunctivitis
-itching, seasonal, atopic person, rhinitis
-chemosis, papillary conjunctival reaction, mucous
-Rx: cool compress, artificial tears, topical antihistamines/vasoconstrictors (visine - avoid overuse), systemic antihistamines, topical mast cell stabilizers
-REFER severe cases - topical steroids
Giant papillary conjunctivitis
-allergic conjunctivitis in contact lens wearers
Pingueculum
-degenerative collagen in the interpalbrebal fissure
Pterygium
-extra benign tissue growing from temporal conjuctiva towards pupil
Episcleritis
-sectoral redness, engorged episcleral vessels, mild pain
-normal vision
-idiopathic, collagen vascular disease associated
-Rx: topical steroids
-REFER if recurrent
Scleritis
-sectoral or diffuse redness, marked pain, inflammation of scleral/ episcleral/conjunctival vessels, bluish hue
-scleral thinning +/- pain (RA)
-REFER
Keratitis
-inflammation of the cornea
-superficial: pinpoint spots of fluorescein uptake - dry eye, welder's flash, eyedrop toxicity
-deep: cornea white and opaque - corneal ulcer
-Herpes - superficial to deep keratitis
Superficial Punctate Keratitis
-superficial inflammation of cornea
-seen with fluorescein
-dye eye, welder's flash, eyedrop toxicity
Corneal Abrasion
-acute
-Hx of trauma
-Fluorescein defect
-clear cornea or slight edema with normal thickness
-+/- cells in A/C
Corneal Ulcer
-days
-caution with contact lens use
-fluorescein defect
-White lesion in cornea that obscures iris detail
-crater defect
-++ cells in A/C or hypopion
-topical anesthetic abuse a possible cause
Herpes Simplex Kerititis
-viral infection of cornea
-dormant in trigeminal ganglion
-unilateral irritation, photophobia, pain, prominent FB sensation, reduced vision, recurrent hx
-red eye (limbus), dendrite with terminal bulbs, ulcer
-NO STEROIDS!
-Rx: REFER - topical antivirals
Herpes Zoster Opthalmicus
-reactivation of HZV in V1 dermatome
-eyelids +/- eye symptoms (keratitis, iritis, increased IOP)
-REFER if eye redness, pain or blurred vision
Hitchinson's sign
-HZV reactiviation that involves the tip of the nose
-V2 dermatome involvement = bad
Iritis
-inflamation of iris
-miosis, redness at limbus, cells in A/C (+/- hypopyon)
-pain, photophobia, reduced vision (REFER!) - eventual glaucoma
-etiology unknown,ocular disease (ulcer/abrasion, trauma, tight lens, HSV/HZV) or systemic (JRA, Ank Spon, Crohn's, sarcoid, syphillis, TB)
Hypopyon
-layering of WBC in the A/C
Endopthalmitis
-infection inside eye
-Hypopyon after recent surgery
-REFER STAT!
Acute angle closure glaucoma
-red eye with pain, blurred vision +/- headache
-fixed, mid-dilation of pupil
- +/- corneal cloudiness
-Rx: URGENT REFERAL - decrease IOP and laser iridotomy
Symptom: light sensitivity
iritis, keratitits, abrasion, ulcer
Symptom: Unilateral
iritis, keratitits, abrasion, ulcer, HSV, acute glaucoma
Symptom: Sever Pain
iritis, keratitits, abrasion, ulcer, HSV, acute glaucoma, scleritis
Symptom - white spot on cornea
corneal ulcer
Symptom - blurred vision
iritis, kerititis, abrasion, ulcer, HSV, acute glaucoma, scleritis
Symptom: non-reactive pupil
acute glaucoma, iritis
Symptom: Copious Discharge
Gonococcal conjunctivies