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290 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Jesus and his disciples lived in a region known in ancient times as
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Palestine
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The term "Bible" is derived from the word biblia, which means
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"Little books"
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The term "testament" is another word for "covenant."
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True
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The Septuagint is the oldest Hebrew-language version of the Jewish Scriptures
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False
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The books of the New Testament were all written between the years
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50-150 CE
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The task of biblical criticism involves
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the rational analysis of the Bible in order to understand its context better
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The term "eschatology" means the study of beliefs about
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the end of time
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The word "canon" is derived from the Greek term kanon, which means "godly."
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False
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The Muratorian Canon is one example of a composite gospel, containing stories gleaned from all four of the canonical Gospels
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False
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This was the most common language spoken in the Mediterranean world in the time of Jesus
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Koine Greek
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In writing about the composition of the New Testament canon, this early church historian divided christian books into three different categories: acknowledged, disputed, and rejected
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Eusebius
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From the earliest days of the christian Church, there was almost universal agreement about the contents of the Christian canon.
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False
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This prominent member of the Roman Church advocated that Christians abandon the Hebrew canon of Scriptures and replace it with a carefully edited version of the Gospel f Luke and Paul's letters.
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Marcion
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The movement known as _________ advocated that persons achieved salvation by attaining special, spiritual "knowledge" about heavenly truths that are denied to the average person.
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Gnosticism
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Jerome's Latin translation of the Bible was known as the
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Vulgate
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The oldest copy of any New Testament book is a small fragment from a copy of the Gospel of John. It is usually dated around ______, or only twenty to thirty years after the Gospel of John was written.
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125 CE
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The oldest complete copy of the New Testament, the _______________, survived in part because it was written on animal skin rather than papyrus.
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Codex Sinaiticus
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Early Christians pioneered the use of the ______, a type of book construction that featured binding on one edge in the manner of the modern bound book.
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Codex
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Some of the most important codex editions on the New Testament, such as the codex Sinaiticus, are known as ______ or majuscules because they are written in all-capital letters.
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unicals
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The first person to translate the entire Bible from Latin to English was
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John Wycliffe
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The King James Bible is by far the most popular English Bile of all time.
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True
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The __________ is a very popular Bible translation that was produced in the 1970s and that reflects a generally conservative Protestant viewpoint.
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New International Version (NIV)
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Ancient Israel's great commandment, and the one cited by Jesus as the "greatest" commandment, was known as the
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Shema
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According to Exodus 3:13-16, Israel's Deity is called
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Yahweh
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The Torah or Mosaic Law of ancient Israel is preserved in which books of the Hebrew Bible?
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The first five books of the Hebrew Bible
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In Jesus' time, many Jews lived in the _______, a term that refers to the scattering of Jews to foreign regions outside Palestine
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Diaspora
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On this high holy day, the Jewish High Priest would enter the Holy of Holies in the Jewish temple to offer a sacrifice on the behalf of all the Jewish people
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The Day of Atonement
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This period in WEstern history began with the conquests of Alexander the Great in 336 BCE and stretched into the early centuries of the Christian era. It is identified by the mixing of classical Greek culture with a wide variety of near Eastern cultural influences.
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The Hellenistic period
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The most famous of the Greek philosophers
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Socrates
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This Greek philosopher, a disciple of Socrates, created a comprehensive philosophical world view that emphasized dualism or the coexistence of two realms of reality: physical reality and spiritual realty.
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Plato
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This school of Greek philosophy, founded by Zeno, emphasized listening to the divine element within oneself and attaining a state of disciplined harmony with nature and with the universe.
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Stoicism
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This Greek god of the healing arts was the mortal son of Apollo and a mortal princess. A cult of healing dedicated to this god flourished in Europe and Asia in the time of Jesus Christ.
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Asclepius
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There are intriguing parallels between the life of this mythological Greek god and the life of the historical Jesus as reported by the New Testament and early Christians. Parallels between accounts of their lives inclue their being born of divine parentage, their violent death, and their living on in an afterlife enthroned in heaven
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Dionysus
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This mystery cult emphasized that the soul is divine and is imprisoned within the body. Once freed from its fleshly prison, the soul could return to its ultimate home in the celestial realms.
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Orphism
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This all-male mystery religion was Christianity's leading competitor in the Roman culture of the first three centuries CE. It honored a Persian deity born on December 25, declared its worshipers to be soldiers of God, and practiced baptism.
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Cult of Mithras
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This mystery religion, which involved worship of the goddess of "a thousand names," emphasized mystical rituals that promised worshipers union with the divine after death.
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Cult of Isis
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Jewish High Priests were usually members of what religious sect within Judaism
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Sadducees
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Which of the following was typical of the beliefs of the Sadducees
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Practiced a literal reading of the Jewish Torah and rituals
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The Sadducee faction was the only one of the important Jewish sects in Jesus' day to survive past the first century CE
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False
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The Pharisees observed not only the written Torah but also a set of oral laws called the "tradition of the elders."
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True
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Despite their frequent disagreements over the application of the Jewish Torah, Jesus and the Pharisees agreed on numerous matters of belief
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True
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After the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in 70 CE, the center of rabbinic Judaism moved to the coastal town of ________, where an academy of rabbis continued to develop Jewish beliefs about the contents of the Bible and Judaism's relationship with Christianity
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Jamnia
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A monastic sect of Jews known as the __________ settle in a community in Qumran near the Dead Sea.
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Essenes
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The inhabitants of the monastery at Qumran may have been responsible for producing the ___________, copies of which were discovered in caves near the settlement.
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Dead Sea Scrolls
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Which New Testament character best echoes some of the characteristic views of the Essenes, such as the achievement of spiritual purity by withdrawal from society, the need for repentance to escape God's coming judgement, and baptism as a sign of spiritual cleansing.
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John the Baptist
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Many Jews rejected early Christian claims that Jesus was God's Messiah because Jesus failed to deliver the jews militarily and politically from their Gentile oppressors.
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True
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The English term "Messiah" derives from the Hebrew term 'mashiach," which means _________.
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Anointed one.
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Which of the following was a messianic pretender who claimed to be "son of the star" and who led the Jews into a disastrous rebellion against Rome?
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Simon bar Kochba
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Early Christians countered Jewish objections that jesus of Nazareth failed to reestablish David's kingdom by claiming that ...
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Jesus the Messiah will return to tearth in the near future to reestablish David's kingdom
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The most spectacular and influential of all ancient leaders in the Middle East was
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Alexander the Great
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Alexander the Great was tutored as a young man by the famous philosopher Plato
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False
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This general and successor to Alexander the Great began a dynasty that ruled much of southwestern Asia after Alexander's death.
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Seleucus
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The Seleucid ruler of Antiochus Epiphanes attempted to force Hellenization upon his Jewish subjects by forbidding the circumcision of Jewish male babies, outlawing Sabbath observance, and rededicating the Jerusalem Temple to the Greek God Zeus.
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True.
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These "pious ones" resisted attempts by Hellenists to force Jews to compromise the principles of their religious faith, even to the point of enduring torture and execution for their beliefs.
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Hasidim
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The cause of the Maccabean Revolt was
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the persecution of the Jews by Antiochus Epiphanes in the mid-second century BCE
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The Maccabean Revolt was so called because
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the leader of the revolt was nicknamed "Maccabeus," which means "[God's] hammer"
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The monarch ruling Palestine when Jesus was born was
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Herod the Great
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Because of Herod's grandiose achievements as ruler over the Jews, he won their widespread acceptance with the Jewish populace, even though he was a native of Idumea, a traditional enemy of Israel.
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False
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One of the sons of Herod the Great, __________, is the Herod who beheaded John the Baptist and whom Jesus of Nazareth described as "that fox."
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Herod Antipas
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In 6 CE, the Romans deposed Herod Archelaus as a ruler of Judea and replaced him with a series of Roman governors or ________, the most famous of whom was Pontius Pilate, the man who sentenced Jesus Christ.
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procurators
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The real center of power in the Mediterranean world when Jesus was born was the Roman emperor
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Augustus
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This member of the family of Herod was a devoted ally of the Pharisee party and vigorously persecuted the early church, imprisoning the apostle Peter and beheading the apostle James
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Herod Agrippa I
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This Roman emperor was the stepson of Augustus and ruled over Rome during the ministry of Jesus of Nazareth
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Tiberius
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This is the name of the Roman general who captured Jerusalem and burned the Jewish temple there in 70 CE
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Titus
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One of the most important sources of information about the Jewish revolt against Rome is _____________, a Jewish historian who was eyewitness to many of the events in the Revolt
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Flavius Josephus
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The literary genre of gospel is defined as
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a narrative about Jesus' deeds and teachings
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The central concern for all four New Testament Gospel writers in writing about thel ife of Jesus is
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Jesus' suffering and death
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Paul's genuine letters were written to mostly Gentile/non-Jewish Christian congregations in 1st century CE
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True
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This gospel is not a part of the New Testament, and it consists almost exclusively of saying of the risen Jesus
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The Gospel of Thomas
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The title of the Book of Revelation in Greek is apokalypsis, a word that means
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unveiling
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The genre of "gospel" was adopted and adapted by Christians from the "good news" about how __________ saved and provided benefits for his subjects.
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Caesar
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Which of the New Testament Gospels are known as the Synoptic Gospels?
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Matthew, Mark, Luke
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Why are the Synoptic Gospels so called?
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Because they are so similar in content
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According to the two-document theory of Gospel origins, Matthew and Luke each independently drew from a written collection of Jesus' sayings known as __________________.
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Q
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For almost forty years after the crucifixion of Jesus, the Christian ________________ or proclamation about Jesus circulated almost entirely by word of mouth.
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Kerygma
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The critical method that attempts to identify the oldest oral genres, such as proverb, song, or covenant formulae, underlying the Gospel's written texts is called ________________.
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Form Criticism
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Form critics claim that the Gospels are made up of individual units such as pronouncement stories, conflict stories, and parables. These individual units are called _________________.
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Pericopes
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Most scholars believe the Q document consisted mostly of __________________.
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Sayings of Jesus
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The term "pericope" is derived from two Greek words meaning _________________.
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"To cut around."
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Because it emphasizes Jesus' suffering and death as the most important aspects of his biography, this Gospel has been called "a passion narrative with a long introduction. "
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Mark
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The traditional titles of the Gospels-"The Gospel According to Matthew," "The Gospel According to Mark," "The Gospel According to Luke," and "The Gospel According to John"-were probably not originally parts of the documents but were added long after the Gospels were written.
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True
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This Gospel incorporates about 90 percent of the material in Mark and portrays Jesus as a "greater Moses" who demands a righteousness greater than even that practiced by the Pharisees of Jesus' day.
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Matthew
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This author of this gospel also wrote a second New Testament book as a sequel to his Gospel story about Jesus and his disciples.
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Luke
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This Gospel is unique in that it portrays Jesus speaking in long, philosophical monologues about his unique relationship to God and his upcoming ascension into heaven.
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John
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This form of literary analysis studies the way authors or editors assembled, rearranged, and reinterpreted their source material in producing documents, such as the Gospels.
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Redaction criticism
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Although the Gospel of Mark was probably the first of the New Testament Gospels to be written, it was not the first New Testament book to be written.
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True
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According to traditions in the early church, Mark was a disciple of the apostle _______________ in Rome and based his Gospel accounts on the testimony of that apostle.
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Peter
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The Gospel of Mark portrays most of Jesus' companions as ________________.
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oblivious to his real nature and/or as obstacles to his work.
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The first part of the Gospel of Mark is set in what geographical location?
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Galilee
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In the very first verse of his Gospel, Mark identifies Jesus by two titles _______________.
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Christ and Son of God.
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In the opening scene in Mark, the reader is introduced to a divinely appointed "voice crying in the wilderness," a desert preacher named _________________.
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John the Baptist
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Mark portrays Jesus as a person who urgently preached about the coming of the eschaton, a term that refers to ___________________.
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The end of history
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The term the Gospel of Mark uses most often to refer to Jesus is "Son of Man. "
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True
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What best describes Jesus' essential message in the Synoptic Gospels?
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Divine power from the future has broken into the disciples' present reality
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The root meaning of the term "parable" is _______________.
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Comparison
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What best describes "miracle" in the gospels?
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A sign that the kingdom of God was really at hand
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Mark emphasizes Jesus' exorcisms of demons so much because ___________________.
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Mark wants to stress the apocalyptic dimensions of Jesus' ministry, and apocalyptic literature stressed God's victory over forces of supernatural evil
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Jesus probably chose twelve apostles (as opposed to some other number) because _______________________.
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they represented the twelve tribes of Israel in the Hebrew Bible.
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The "walking on water" story, as was mentioned in class, in three of the Gospels may echo what ancient myth to affirm God's kingdom-power already at hand in Jesus?
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subduing watery chaos (and its sea monster in Babylon) at the beginning of Creation.
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In skillfully weaving individual stories together to form his Gospel, the author of Mark employs a technique called _________________ that involved the sandwiching of one story inside another story.
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intercalation
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Scholars use the term "messianic secret" to describe what theological motif in Mark?
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Jesus forbade his disciples and others from telling others about his miracles and his identity as Messiah.
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Other than demons, this is the first person in the Gospel of Mark to recognize that Jesus is the "Christ. "
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Simon Peter
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When Jesus arrived in the city of Jerusalem in Mark 11, he fulfilled the prophecy of the Hebrew Bible Book of Zechariah by ________________.
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riding into town on a beast of burden.
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Once in Jerusalem, Jesus' words and deeds seem to revolve around ________________.
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The concept of the temple
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Jesus delivers his longest speech in Mark 13 in which he predicts ________________________.
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the coming destruction of the Jerusalem Temple
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In the Gospel of Mark, Jesus ate his last supper with his disciples as an observance of the Jewish feast of Rosh Hashanah.
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False
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When Pontius Pilate condemned Jesus to die by crucifixion, Pilate released a prisoner named Barabbas to the crowd, who according to some ancient texts, was also named ______.
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Jesus
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According to the Gospel of Mark, Jesus' last audible words from the cross were "Eloi, eloi, lema sabachthani?" which means _________________________.
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"My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?"
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Matthew is the only New Testament Gospel to use the term "ekklesia," (ecclesia) which means _________________.
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church
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Gospel of Matthew that emphasizes the Gospel's strong connection to the Hebrew Bible?
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Matthew describes in detail the Hebrew lineage of the apostle Matthew.
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The tradition widely accepted in the early church is that the author of Matthew held the profession of __________________.
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tax collector
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In Matthew, Jesus commonly teaches by providing detailed interpretations of the meaning of the Mosaic Torah. These detailed interpretations are known as ________________.
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midrash
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Many scholars cite _____________ as the probable place of composition of the Gospel of Matthew.
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Antioch, where Jesus' followers were first called Christians
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One of Matthew's primary purposes for writing his Gospel is to demonstrate, by the fulfillment of Hebrew scriptures, Jesus' credentials as Israel's true Messiah.
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True
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Which of the following sources do most scholars NOT think Matthew used in composing his Gospel?
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L
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The only two Gospels to describe the circumstances of Jesus' birth are Matthew and Luke.
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True
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The Magi or "wise men" who come searching for the infant Jesus in Matthew were probably ________________ by profession.
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Astrologers
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When Satan tempts Jesus in the wilderness in the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus responds to Satan each time by quoting from the Hebrew Scriptures.
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True
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The __________________ in Matt. 5-7 is the most extensive collection of Jesus' teachings and admonitions in the Synoptic Gospels.
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Sermon on the Mount
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The "Beatitudes" that Jesus pronounces in the Sermon on the Mount express a radical reversal of the present world's social values.
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True
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In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus rejects the principle of lex talionis or the _________________.
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law of retaliation.
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New interpretations of Jesus' saying "to turn the other cheek" as Matthew describes it may mean _______________.
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A subtle, non-violent act of protest to demonstrate humanity's equality and dignity to an oppressor.
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The word Jesus commonly uses for "hell" in the Gospel of Matthew is "________. "
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Gehenna
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Matthew is the only Gospel in which Jesus tells the apostle _____________, "On this rock I will build my Church. "
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Peter
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When Jesus arrived in the city of Jerusalem in Matthew's account (different from Mark and Luke's versions), he literally fulfilled the prophecy of the Hebrew Bible Book of Zechariah by ________________.
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riding into the city on two donkeys at once!
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In Matthew's account of Jesus' Jerusalem ministry, Jesus is repeatedly hailed as "Son of Man," one of Matthew's favorite designations for Jesus.
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False
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In Matthew 23, Jesus delivers a series of blistering "woes" upon ___________________, claiming that these persons bear the burden for the collective wrongdoings of Israel down through the nation's history.
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scribes and Pharisees
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To stress the earth-shattering significance of Jesus' crucifixion, the Gospel of Matthew reports that Jesus' death was accompanied by __________________.
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an earthquake
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Only the Gospel of Matthew reports that the Sadducees plotted to bribe the soldiers guarding Jesus' tomb into claiming that Jesus' disciples stole his bodies while the soldiers slept.
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True
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The Gospel of Matthew ends with the resurrected Christ calling his believers to make disciples of _______________.
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members of all nations
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Matthew's denunciation of the Jewish Pharisees and crowd, "let his blood be upon us and our children" is probably ___________________________________,
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because Matthew's own congregation was predominantly Jewish and was in bitter debate with non-Christian Jews over the messiahship of Jesus.
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The Gospel of Luke is often associated with what other New Testament book?
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The Book of Acts
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The author of the Gospel of Luke addresses his two volume work to a man named _____________.
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Theophilus
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Luke, the traditional author of the Gospel that bears his name, was a _______________ by profession.
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Physician
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According to some traditions in the early church, the author of Luke was a traveling companion of the apostle _______________.
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Paul
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A long, central section of the Gospel of Luke, the "Greater Interpolation" of Luke 9:51-18:14, is a miscellaneous compilation of Jesus' teachings while he was on the road from Galilee to Jerusalem.
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True
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One of the main thematic interests of Luke is Jesus' and the disciples' use of ________.
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prayer
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Luke shows Jesus' solidarity with the entire human race by tracing Jesus' genealogy back to the Old Testament figure of ________________.
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Adam
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Luke is the only Synoptic Gospel writer to refer to Jesus using the title of ______________.
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Savior
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Luke 6 contains a briefer version of the Sermon on the Mount in Matthew called _________________.
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The Sermon on the Plain
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The Gospel of Luke is notable for the degree to which the author stresses the role of ______________ in the ministry of Jesus.
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women
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In the Gospel of Luke, Jesus does not stress the dangers of wealth or material possessions as strongly as he does in the other Gospels.
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False
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The parable of Lazarus and the rich man is about ________________________.
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a dramatic reversal of fortunes in the afterlife
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The three parables in Luke 15, dealing respectively with sheep, a coin, and two sons, are tied together by the theme of __________________.
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Things that were lost and then found
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More than any other Gospel writer, Luke emphasizes ___________.
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the innocence of Jesus and his followers of any crime against Rome
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In Luke's Gospel, when Jesus is brought to trial before Pilate, the Roman governor, Pilate realizes that Jesus is a Galilean, so he sends Jesus to be tried by _______________.
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Herod Antipas
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One of Jesus' last acts before dying on the cross in the Gospel of Luke is to ___________________.
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Ask God to forgive his executioners.
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According to the Gospel of Luke, who declares, when standing by sees the manner of Jesus' condemnation and execution, "Beyond all doubt, this man was innocent."?
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A centurion
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Luke omits the tradition found in the Gospel of Mark that Jesus would appear in Jerusalem and sets all of the resurrection stories in Galilee.
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False
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Luke emphasizes the physical reality of Jesus' resurrection when he portrays the resurrected Christ __________________.
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as eating fish and capable of being touched
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John is unique among the New Testament Gospels in that, instead of stressing the Parousia of the Son of Man, it claims that Christ is eternally present with his believers in the invisible form of the Holy Spirit.
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True
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Early church tradition ascribed the Gospel of John to ____________________.
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John the son of Zebedee
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Information at the end of the Gospel of John associates its author with a mysterious character in the Gospel known as _____________________.
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the disciple "whom Jesus loved"
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Theological terminology such as "children of light vs. children of the dark," used by the author of the Fourth Gospel often resembles the terminology of the writings of this ancient Jewish sect.
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The Essenes
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Even a casual reading of the Gospel of John reveals close similarities with the Synoptic Gospels in content and style.
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False
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The Gospel of John advocates a view known as ___________________, the belief that events usually associated with the End of time have been fulfilled by Jesus' spiritual presence among his believers.
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realized eschatology
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Unlike the Synoptic Gospels, the Gospel of John's account of the Last Supper between Jesus and his disciples includes _________________________.
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foot washing
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According to this ancient interpretation of Christ's nature, the earthly Christ was not really a human being but a spiritual creature who only "seemed" to be human.
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docetism
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This is the special word for the Holy Spirit that Jesus uses in his farewell speeches in John 14-17.
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Paraclete
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John uses this significant Greek term to refer to Jesus in John 1.
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Logos
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In the Gospel of John, Jesus frequently uses this expression to indicate his special relationship with God. This expression recalls Yahweh's declaration of being to Moses at the burning bush in Exodus 3.
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I am
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Jesus' public ministry in John 2-12 is structured around his performance of seven miraculous deeds called ________________.
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Signs
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In a famous passage in John 3, Jesus tells this character that he/she must be "born again" if he would "see the kingdom of God. "
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Nicodemus
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The story about Jesus forgiving a woman caught in adultery in John 8:1-11 does not appear in the earliest and best manuscripts of the Gospel of John and may not be original to the gospel.
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True
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This, the fourth sign in the Gospel of John, is the only miracle of Jesus that appears in all four New Testament Gospels.
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The feeding of 5,000 people
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This, the seventh and climactic sign in the Gospel of John, is the miracle of Jesus that leads religious leaders in Jerusalem to plot Jesus' death.
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raising Lazarus from the dead
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At the Last Supper with his disciples in John’s Gospel, Jesus washes the disciples' feet _____________________________________________.
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to provide an example of humble service for the disciples to follow
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Which of the following is NOT an acceptable translation for the term "Paraclete" in the Gospel of John?
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Judge
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In John 21, the risen Jesus appears to his disciples ________________ and cooks them a breakfast of bread and fish.
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on the shore of the Sea of Galilee
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All in all, the Gospels never ever deal with politics or social justice, but, instead, instruct individual believers on how to save one's inner divine self (gnosis) and how to escape this evil world.
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False
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"Parousia" means ___________________
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An apocalyptic re-appearance of Messiah Jesus.
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Which saying, from the Synoptic Parable of the Sower, comes from Luke's Gospel?
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But as for that in the good soil, these are the ones who, when they hear the word, hold it fast in an honest and good heart, and bear fruit with patient endurance.
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All four Gospels record the memorable story of Jesus feeding 5000 people (Mark & Matthew even tell it again with 4000 people). Can you tell which Gospel this version comes from, based on style and content?
"When they were satisfied, he told his disciples, 'Gather up the fragments left over, so that nothing may be lost.' So they gathered them up, and from the fragments of the five barley loaves, left by those who had eaten, they filled twelve baskets. When the people saw the sign that he had done, they began to say, 'This is indeed the prophet who is to come into the world.' " |
John
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Luke states the organizing principle for the Book of Acts in Acts 1:8, in which the risen Jesus proclaims that his disciples will be witnesses for him "to the ends of the earth."
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True
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The apparent reason the eleven remaining apostles elect Matthias as a replacement for Judas Iscariot after his suicide is that __________________.
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the number twelve represents the twelve tribes of Israel, so the apostles represented a kind of "new Israel.
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When the Holy Spirit fell upon the believers on the day of Pentecost in Acts 2, the Spirit's presence was indicated when the believers began to ____________________.
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Speak in tongues
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The only New Testament writer to describe the risen Jesus' ascent to the spirit world is _______________.
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Luke
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According to Acts, the Christians in the early Jerusalem church demonstrated their commitment to Jesus' words about material possessions by moving into a monastic retreat in the desert.
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False
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Luke's special name for the early Christian movement is the ____________ similar to the Jewish expression for "The Walk."
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The Way
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Beginning in Acts 6, Luke distinguishes two different groups in the early Jerusalem church: Aramaic-speaking Jewish Christians and Greek-speaking Jewish Christians whom Luke calls _________________.
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Hellenists
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This apostolic character dominates the second half of the Acts of the Apostles: __________.
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Paul
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The first Christian to die a martyr's death in the Book of Acts is Theophilus.
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False
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The author of Acts concentrates so much on the missionary work of the apostle Paul because ______________________.
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Paul's work in Gentile areas represents the transition of Christianity from a Jewish to a Hellenistic environment
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While he is on his way to arrest Christians in Damascus, _______________ encounters the risen Christ in the form of a blinding light and heavenly voice.
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Paul
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The first Gentile Christian in the Book of Acts is a Roman soldier named Cornelius.
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True
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Followers of the Christian way first were called "Christians" in the city of ______________.
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Antioch in Syria
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When the apostle Paul and his associate Barnabas confronted Jewish Christians in a conference in Jerusalem, the issue of debate was __________________.
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whether Gentiles could become Christians without being circumcisized
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While in this city, Paul and Silas established the first Christian church in Europe. While there, they were wrongfully flogged and imprisoned without a trial.
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Philippi
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While in this city, Paul was politely invited by the city's intellectuals to give an address concerning his philosophy at a public forum called the Areopagus.
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Athens
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Paul's lengthy missionary work in the city of Ephesus created religious competition for the worshipers of the Egyptian goddess Isis, to whom the Ephesians had dedicated a huge temple.
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False
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According to Luke, even though Paul was arrested and spent some three years in a Roman prison, two different Roman governors personally absolved the apostle of any illegal activity.
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True
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Paul travels to Rome near the end of the Book of Acts because ____________________.
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as a Roman citizen, Paul has the right to stand trial before the Roman emperor.
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Some scholars claim that Luke ends the Book of Acts abruptly after portraying Paul's arrival in Rome because Paul's arrival there signals the accomplishment of Luke's purpose for writing the Book of Acts.
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True
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Our most reliable source for biographical information on the apostle Paul is the Book of Acts.
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False
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More than once in Paul's letters, he stresses his own Jewish heritage.
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True
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Which of the following is a biographical detail about Paul mentioned in the Book of Acts but never by Paul in his own letters?
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Paul was born in the city of Tarsus.
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Both in Acts and in Paul's letters, Paul appears to be a gentle, shy, reserved and soft-spoken person.
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False
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Paul's letter to the ______________ gives us valuable chronological details about Paul's trips to Jerusalem that help us date his career.
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Galatians
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Many scholars believe that the Jerusalem conference that Paul attended and described in Acts 5 may have taken place around the year 49 C.E.
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True
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One of the most important historical references in Acts for dating the life of the apostle Paul is ____________________.
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Paul's appearance before Gallio, governor of Achaia, in Acts 18.
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The majority of scholars accept ____________ of the thirteen Pauline letters in the New Testament as authentically written by the apostle
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seven
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Scholars generally agree that ________________________ was the first of the Pauline letters to be written.
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1st Thessalonians
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The structure of Paul's "letters" is highly unique, having few parallels in ancient Hellenistic literature.
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False
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The greeting that Paul customarily uses at the beginning of his letters is ________________.
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"Grace and peace to you ..."
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Like many letter writers in Greco-Roman antiquity, Paul apparently dictated his letters to a secretary, usually adding only a signature or a few additional words in his own hand.
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True
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Most of Paul's letters were addressed to Christians he did not know personally.
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False
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Paul wrote some of his letters as if he expected to be alive when the Lord Jesus returned in glory to judge the earth.
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True
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Of all the aspects of Jesus' life, the apostle Paul speaks most often about Jesus' ____________________.
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Death and resurrection
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In describing how Christ's work on the cross gives new life to the human race, Paul contrasts Christ with the Hebrew Bible figure of ________________.
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Adam
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Paul sometimes uses this metaphor in his letters to describe the entire believing community of Christians.
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Body of Christ
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Paul believed that sin is an infectious power that results in human _______________.
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Death
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Paul stressed that God "justified" persons or declared them righteous based strictly upon their ______________________.
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Faith in Jesus Christ
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Paul used the term "grace" to define God's desire to show people kindness and mercy even when their sin made them undeserving.
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True
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Paul's dominant concern in his early letters is the concept of __________________.
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Eschatology
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First Corinthians is the oldest surviving Christian document.
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False
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Thessalonica was the capital of the Roman province of _________________.
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Macedonia
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The content of the oral gospel that Paul preached in the marketplaces, shops, and private homes of Thessalonica is known by the Greek term ____________________
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kerygma
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In 1 Thessalonians, Paul encourages the Thessalonian believers to respond to the nearness of the Parousia of Christ by _________________________.
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Abstaining from sexual immorality
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The text of 1 Thessalonians seems to indicate that the Thessalonians were worried about whether their dead Christian friends would miss the blessings available to believers still alive at the Second Coming of Christ.
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True
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Paul claims in 1 Thessalonians that only the spiritually pure ("circumcised of heart") will be able to calculate the exact date and time of Christ's Parousia.
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False
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When Paul first visited Corinth on his second missionary journey, he stayed for approximately ________________.
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A year and a half
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Scholars believe that 2 Corinthians may be a patchwork of several different letters that Paul wrote to Corinth.
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True
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In Paul's day, the city of Corinth was known for _________________.
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Its libertine lifestyle
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Paul spends considerable space in 1 Corinthians encouraging his readers to overcome their intra-church rivalries and suspicion.
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True
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The most important distinction that Paul makes in 1 Cor. 1-2 is between the concepts of _____________________.
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wisdom and foolishness
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Paul criticizes the Corinthians in 1 Corinthians because they will not excommunicate a church member who is guilty of __________________.
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Incest
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Paul's general principle for personal relationships in 1 Corinthians is that_____________________.
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married people should remain married; and single people should remain single.
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Paul's position in 1 Corinthians on eating idol meat is that ______________________.
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Christians have a right to eat idol meat, but they should forego that right if it offends a fellow Christian.
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In 1 Cor. 11, Paul places restrictions on women's participation in church services, saying that women cannot pray or prophesy in church when men are present.
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False
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In 1 Cor. 11, Paul criticizes the Corinthians' observance of the Lord's Supper, claiming that the Corinthians ________________.
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had turned the Supper into a riotous drinking party.
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First Corinthians 15 preserves the earliest tradition of Jesus' post-resurrection appearances to his disciples.
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True
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Many scholars believe that 2 Cor. 10-13 is actually to be dated earlier than 2 Cor. 1-9.
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Truth
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In 2 Cor. 10-13, Paul uses sarcasm and irony to attack a group he calls "the idiot Hellenists" who had undermined the church's confidence in Paul's apostolic authority.
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False
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Galatia is the name of a region, not a city .
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True
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Paul's opponents in Galatia may have advocated the mixing of selected practices from several different religions, including Judaism. This mixing of religious traditions is known as _______________.
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syncretism
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Paul claimed in Galatians 1 that his version of the gospel was correct because he received it directly from the apostle Simon Peter.
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False
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In contrast to Acts, Paul in Galatians portrays himself as essentially independent of the authority of the Jerusalem church.
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True
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In Galatians 2, Paul recounts an incident at Antioch in which he directly confronts the apostle _______________ because that apostle was behaving inconsistently in associating with uncircumcised believers.
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Peter
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In Paul's interpretation of Jesus' crucifixion, Jesus' voluntary death paid the Torah's penalties for all lawbreakers (sinners) .
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True
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Paul asserts in Galatians that the original purpose of the Law was to _________________.
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Teach people that they are sinners
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In Galatians, Paul claims that in Jesus Christ all believers are equal regardless of race, social class, or gender.
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True
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Some of the Galatians used Paul's doctrine of freedom from the Law as an excuse to indulge in any desire or appetite, a view known as __________________.
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antinomianism
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Romans is regarded as a more systematic expression of Paul's theology of justification by faith than that found in Galatians.
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True
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Unlike his other letters, Paul wrote the letter to the Romans to a church that had been founded by someone else and that he had yet to visit.
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True
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Paul writes the Book of Romans because ___________________.
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Paul wanted to enlist the help of the Roman church for his upcoming mission trip to Spain.
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In Rom. 1, Paul asserts that Gentiles do not stand under the judgment of God because they are completely ignorant of the nature and expectations of the one true God.
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False
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In both Galatians and Romans, Paul uses the Hebrew Bible character of __________________ as an example of a Hebrew who was justified before God because of his faith and not because of his obedience to the Torah.
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Abraham
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In Romans 5, Paul uses the Greek term hamartia or "sin" to describe humanity's rebellion against God. The term hamartia literally means _________________.
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to miss the mark
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Some later theologians used Paul's description of sin in Romans 5 to formulate a doctrine of _______________, which is the idea that all human beings are innately corrupt morally and inherit an unavoidable tendency to do evil.
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Original sin
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In Romans 7, Paul speaks of sin as if it were an animate force inside of him, forcing him to do what he would otherwise not do.
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True
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In Romans 9-11, Paul argues that Israel's rejection of Jesus' messiahship is part of God's plan to allow the Gospel to be brought to the Gentiles. Later theologians used such arguments to formulate a doctrine of ________________, which claims that God has already decided who would be saved and who would be damned.
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Predestination
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In Romans 13, Paul argues that the Roman government is in league with Satan and that Christians should oppose Rome whenever and wherever possible.
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False
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Which of the following cities is NOT a location scholars have suggested as the probable place where Paul was imprisoned when he wrote the captivity letters?
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Antioch
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Some scholars doubt whether Paul was in prison in Rome when he wrote Philippians because there are no New Testament references to his being in prison there.
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False
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Paul enjoyed an unusually warm and affectionate relationship with the church at Philippi.
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True
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Paul wrote the Book of Philippians to thank the church at Philippi for __________________.
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sending Paul a gift of money while he was in prison
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The name of this person appears in the superscription of Philippians (and other Pauline letters) as coauthor of that book with Paul.
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Timothy
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Which of the following statements best describes the attitude that Paul expresses in Philippians concerning his imprisonment?
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Paul sees his imprisonment as an opportunity to share the Gospel of Christ with his prison guards.
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The main theme of the "hymn to Christ" found in Phil. 2:6-11 is that Jesus' behavior of humble service to others is the supreme example for the Philippians to follow .
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True
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Since the fourth century, many Christian theologians have understood the Christ hymn of Phil. 2:6-11 to refer to ___________________.
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Jesus' prehuman existence
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Some modern scholars believe that the "hymn to Christ" found in Phil. 2:6-11 was not authored by Paul but was borrowed by him from some other source.
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True
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A growing number of scholars see the Christ hymn in Phil. 2:6-11 as contrasting the ways Christ behaved toward God versus the way ______________ responded to God in the Hebrew Bible.
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Adam
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According to the letter to the Philippians, Paul corresponds with the Philippian church through Epaphroditus, a Philippian church member who became ill while visiting Paul in jail.
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True
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In Phil. 3, Paul suddenly lashes out at his enemies the Judaizers, calling them __________________, a term ancient Jews commonly used to refer to Gentiles.
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Dogs
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Paul's letter to _________________ is his shortest letter.
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Philemon
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The main subject of the letter to Philemon is a slave named Philemon.
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False
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According to the letter to Philemon, what did Paul do when he found out that his new friend was a slave who had run away from another old friend of Paul's?
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Paul sent the runaway slave back to his original master.
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In the letter to Philemon, Paul seems to hint that he wants Philemon to release Onesimus from service as a slave so that Onesimus can work for Paul's missionary organization.
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True
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In the theology of the apostle Paul, persons are justified by God on account of their strict obedience to the dictates of the Law of Moses, which points toward the messiahship of Jesus.
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False
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Because of Christ's absolute submission and obedience to the will of God in going to the cross to secure humanity's redemption, Jesus deserves the title of kyrios or _____________, indicating God's high exaltation of his Son in the Philippian "hymn."
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Lord
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Because Paul believed that the End of the world was near, he did not emphasize or spell out any behavioral ethics at all.
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False
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The Books of 1 and 2 Timothy and Titus are called the ___________________ because of the advice and counsel the author gives in them.
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Pastoral epistles
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The practice of writing new works under the name of a well-known but deceased person is known as __________________.
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pseudonymity
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If Paul wrote 2 Thessalonians, then he wrote it only a few weeks or months after writing 1 Thessalonians.
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True
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Many scholars doubt whether Paul actually wrote 2 Thessalonians because ____________________.
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the eschatology proposed in 2 Thessalonians is quite different from that proposed in 1 Thessalonians.
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According to 2 Thessalonians, which of the following must occur before the Parousia of Christ?
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the appearance of a wicked man who desecrates the Jerusalem Temple
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Many scholars associate the letter to the Colossians with the Book of Galatians because both books include greetings from many of the same persons and the writing style and spiritual emphasis is so similar, such as the description of the "cosmic Christ.".
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False
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In the Christ hymn of Col. 1:15-20, the author portrays Christ using imagery that recalls _____________________ from the Hebrew Bible and elsewhere in ancient Judaism
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The concept of divine wisdom
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The purpose of the Christology of the Book of Colossians is to demonstrate that Christ is presently superior to all rival cosmic or earthly beings visible or invisible .
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True
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Recalling the initiation language of Greek mystery religions, the author of Colossians portrays baptism as the rite of initiation into Christ's "body," the church.
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True
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The contents and style of the Book of Ephesians closely resemble that of the Book of _________________.
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Colossians
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The main theme of Ephesians is justification by faith.
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False
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Many scholars believe that Ephesians was written as a kind of "cover letter" introducing a collection of Paul's letters because ____________________.
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the words "in Ephesus" do not appear in the earliest manuscripts of Eph. 1:1.
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In Ephesians 6, the author encourages his readers to be strong in the faith by metaphorically portraying them as _____________________ fully decked out for action.
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Soldiers
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The author of 1 Timothy stresses that pastors and deacons must be people who are full of the Holy Spirit.
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False
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The author of 1 Timothy claims that women are not to teach or have authority over men because ___________________.
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Eve sinned before Adam in the story of the Fall in Genesis 3.
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Though most scholars doubt the authenticity of all of the pastoral letters, some scholars suspect that parts of the Book of ___________________ might have come from the historical Paul.
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2 Timothy
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The man Titus, to whom the Book of Titus was supposedly written, was a Jewish Pharisee whom Paul converted to Christianity while in Antioch.
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False
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Titus urges believers to to show their faith in ________________________________.
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admirable and useful deeds (works).
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Titus is the only book in the New Testament that uses the term ______________ which means "other" in a negative way to describe a person who held opinions contrary to emerging church authority.
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Heretic
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