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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the MOA of sodium oxybate?
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this is also called GHB and is a breakdown product of GABA. it may stimulate GABA B. it mau also increase tryptophan levels.
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what type of drugs may cause acute intermitent polyphoria? there for these drugs are contraindicated in these ppl
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barbs
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what are the sx of acute intermitent polyphoria
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abdominal pain, neuropathies, and constipation. these ppl do not present with a rash
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what are some specific drugs that are used to put someone to sleep for less than 8 hrs
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zaleplon, ramelton, pentobarb, secobarb, and choral hydrate.
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how does flumazenil help with BZD overdose?
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flumazenil is a BZD receptor antagonist. this blocks the AE of BZD
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what antidepressants are most likely to produce wt gain?
least likely? which group is most likely to produce NVD? |
TCA
SSRI SSRI bc they activate 5HT3. most specifically fluoxetine. |
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what is the class of drug that is 1st line in treating depression?
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SSRI
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antipsychotic carry a blckbox warning when treating conditions in what type of pts?
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demintia and alzheimers.
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what is thought to be the mechanism that causes tardive dyskanesia?
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up regulation of striatal D2 receptors.
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what drug is most likely to bring out tardive dyskanesia?
least likely? |
fluphenazine
thiothexene |
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what group of drugs is most likely to produce ortho hypotension?
worst specific drug? |
TCA
amitryptaline |
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which antidepressant class is most likely for pharmacokenteic interactions bc they inhibit cyp450?
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SSRI more specifically fluoxetine.
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which BZD do not produce activemetabolites and therefore are safe in pts with liver problems?? (TOLE)
which BZD has the shortest action? |
estazolam, loazepam, oxazepam, tamazepam
triazolam |
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which hyponotic agents tend to disturb sleep patters the least?
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BZD1 agonist: zolpidem, zaleplon, and eszipiclone
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what is unoque about phenobarbs elimination?
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30% is excreted renally and unchanged
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what is unique about the elimination of paraldehyde?
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10-30% is excreted by the lungs.
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how does ramelteon differ from BZD as a hypnotic?
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ramelteon acts on melatonin receptors 1 and 2. these have no risk of rebound insomnia, withdrawal, or abuse.
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what is cross tolerance?
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when one drug can do the same physiological thing and therefore help with withdrawals as another drug can
Ex: use methadone for heroin addict. |
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is there a cross tolerance for alcohol, BZD, barbs, and CS?
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yes. they all act on GABA channel to increase Cl flow.
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which SSRI are the biggest problems in terms of anxiety and motor restlessness?
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fluoxetine and sertaline
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which of the AD have the greatest degree of antimuscarininc effects?
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amitryptaline and doxepin
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if a typical antipsychotic has high potency, is it more or less likely to produce extrapyramidal effects?
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more likely.
mostly see with haloperidol. |
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which of the AD are mostly used for insomnia?
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atypical AD but more specifically trazodone
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which SSRI takes the longest to clear from the body?
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fluoxetine (metabolite half lives are 180 hrs).
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what class of drug is used most oftenly to manage anxiety?
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SSRI mostly buspirone.
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