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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which is a function of the nervous system?
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it has a sensory function
,it has an intergrative function- analyzing sensory input and making decisions about responses ,it has motor function |
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How is the nervous system organized into divisions?
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it is organized into a central nervous system and a peripheral system
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The peripheral nervous system can be divided into:
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somatic nervous system, autonomic nervous system, enteric nervous system,
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The motor portion of the autonomic nervous system can be divided into:
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both sympathic division and parasympatheic division
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what tissues are supplied by the autonomic nervous system?
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cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands
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what is called "the brain of the gut"
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enteric nervous system
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this type of neuron has one main dendrite and one axon
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bipolar neuron
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this type of neuron has many dendrites and one axon
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multipolar neuron
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myelin is..
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lipid and protein layering around most axons
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what is the role of myelin
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it increases the speed of nerve impulses
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what axon do schwann cells myelinate?
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most axons in the peripheral nervous system
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what part of the central nervous system contains neuronal cell bodies, dendrites unmyelinated axons, axon terminal and neuroglia
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gray matter
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What type of channel is opened in response to a change in membrane potential, and are used to generate and conduct action potentials in neurons?
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Voltage-gated channel
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The resting membrane potential in neurons is about:
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-70 mV
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Threshold for an action potential (nerve impulse) in neurons is about:
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–55 mV
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What channels open at threshold depolarization?
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Voltage-gated sodium channels
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saltatory conduction is
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It is the type of impulse conduction that appears to leap from node to node as each nodal area depolarizes to threshold.
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What is a feature of larger-diameter axons?
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They conduct faster nerve impulses than small-diameter axons
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What axons have the largest diameter?
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A fibers
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What axons have the smallest diameter?
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C fibers
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What happens when a nerve impulse reaches the synaptic end bulb of a presynaptic axon?
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Voltage-gated calcium channels open
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What happens after calcium (Ca2+) enters the synaptic end bulb?
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It halts the release of neurotransmitter molecules from the terminal
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What happens to neurotransmitter molecules after they're released from the presynaptic terminal?
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They bind to neurotransmitter receptors in the postsynaptic cell
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When a postsynaptic neuron depolarizes, the effect is:
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Excitatory
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Which of the following is an important excitatory neurotransmitter in the CNS?
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Glutamate
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Which of the following is an important inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain?
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GABA
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Where is one region in the adult human CNS where new neurons are produced?
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Hippocampus
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Where does repair of damaged axons occur?
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In the PNS
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