Session 9

Front 1

Spinal cord

Back 1

Continuation of the brain stem protected by the vertebrae, meninges, cerebrolspinal fluid and the blood brain barrier.

Front 2

Grey matter

Back 2

Located in the centre.

Dorsal horn, central horn and central horn.

Front 3

White matter

Back 3

Location of tracts

Front 4

Ascending

Back 4

Sensory tracts carry information from the periphery, up the spinal cord, toward the brain

Front 5

Ascending tracts

Back 5

Spinothalamic- pain pathway

Dorsal column

Spinocerebellar

Front 6

Descending

Back 6

carry information from the brain, down the spinal cord, and toward the periphery.

Front 7

Descending tracts

Back 7

Pyramidal-major motor tract

Extrapyramidal

Front 8

Three major functions of the spinal cord

Back 8

Sensory pathway, motor pathway and reflex center.

Front 9

What is a reflex

Back 9

An involuntary response to stimulus.

Front 10

What is the reflex arc

Back 10

The nerve pathway involved in a reflex.

Front 11

Reflex arc

Back 11

A sensory receptor, afferent neuron, efferent neuron and effector organ.

Front 12

Neuron

Back 12

A single nerve cell

Front 13

Nerve

Back 13

Bundles of neurons with fascia and blood supply.

Front 14

Nerve location

Back 14

Outside the central nervous system.

Front 15

Sensory nerves

Back 15

composed only of sensory neurons

Front 16

Motor nerves

Back 16

composed only of motor neurons

Front 17

Mixed nerves

Back 17

containing both sensory and motor neurons

Front 18

Cranial nerves mnemonic

Back 18

On old Olympus towering tops a Finn viewed Germans vaulting and hopping

Front 19

Olfactory nerve

Back 19

smell, CN I, sensory.

Front 20

Optic nerve

Back 20

Sight, CN II, sensory.

Front 21

Ocullmotor

Back 21

Movement of eyeball, raising of eyelid, change in pupil size, CN III, mixed, mostly motor.

Front 22

Trochlear

Back 22

Movement of eyeball, CN IV, mixed, mostly motor.

Front 23

Trigeminal

Back 23

CN V, Chewing of food; sensations in face, scalp, cornea (eye), and teeth, mixed.

Front 24

Abducens

Back 24

CN VI, Movement of eyeball, mixed, mostly motor.

Front 25

Facial

Back 25

CN VII, Facial expressions, secretion of saliva and tears, taste, blinking, mixed.

Front 26

Vestibulocochlear

Back 26

CN VII, sensory, hearing and balance.

Front 27

Glossopharyngeal

Back 27

CN XI, mixed, Swallowing, secretion of saliva, taste, sensory for the reflex regulation of blood pressure, part of the gag reflex

Front 28

Vagus

Back 28

CN X, Mixed, muscle movement and sensation.

Front 29

Accessory

Back 29

CN XI, Mixed, mostly motor, Swallowing, head and shoulder movement, speaking

Front 30

Hypoglossal

Back 30

CN XII, mixed, mostly motor, speech and swallowing.

Front 31

Number of pairs of spinal nerves

Back 31

31 pairs

Front 32

Spinal nerves plexuses

Back 32

Cervical- C1-c4, brachial c5-c8 t1, lumbosacral T12- L1-L5 and s1-s4.

Front 33

Important cervical nerves

Back 33

Phrenic nerve.

Front 34

Important brachial nerves.

Back 34

Axillary, radial, ulnar and median

Front 35

Important lumbosacral nerves

Back 35

Femoral, obturator, sciatic, tibial, common peroneal.

Front 36

What’s a dermatome

Back 36

And area of skin innervated by a spinal nerve.

Front 37

Somatic afferent nerves

Back 37

Brings sensory info from particularly the skin and muscles to the CNS.

Front 38

Somatic efferent nerves

Back 38

Bring motor information from the CNS to the skeletal muscles throughout the body

Front 39

The autonomic nervous system ANS

Back 39

composed of nerves that supply the organs (viscera), smooth muscle, and glands.