Modern Earth Science Chapter 27 Vocabulary

Front 1

Brightness of a star as it would appear if located 32.6
light-years from the Earth.

Back 1

Absolute Magnitude

Front 2

Brightness of a star as it appears from the Earth.

Back 2

Apparent Magnitude

Front 3

Type of spiral galaxy with a bar of stars that runs through
its center.

Back 3

Barred Spiral Galaxy

Front 4

Pair of stars that revolve around each other.

Back 4

Binary Star

Front 5

Hole in space with a gravity so great that not even light can escape,
formed by the collapse of a very large supernova.

Back 5

Black Hole

Front 6

Describing any star that is always visible in the night sky and,
from the Northern Hemisphere, can be seen circling Polaris.

Back 6

Circumpolar

Front 7

Pattern of stars.

Back 7

Constellation

Front 8

Type of galaxy with a very bright center that contains little dust
and gas and is spherical to disklike in shape.

Back 8

Elliptical Galaxy

Front 9

Large-scale group of stars.

Back 9

Galaxy

Front 10

Very large, cool, bright star.

Back 10

Giant

Front 11

Spherically shaped group of hundreds of stars located around
the core of the Milky Way Galaxy.

Back 11

Globular Cluster

Front 12

Hertzsprung-Russell diagram; graph showing the relationship of
the surface temperature and absolute magnitude of a star.

Back 12

H-R diagram

Front 13

Type of galaxy with no identifiable shape and an uneven
distribution of stars within it.

Back 13

Irregular Galaxy

Front 14

Distance that light travels in one year, about 9.5 trillion km.

Back 14

Light-year

Front 15

Star with characteristics that place it within a band running
through the middle of the H-R diagram.

Back 15

Main-Sequence Star

Front 16

Dark cloud of gas and dust in space; first stage in the development of a
star.

Back 16

Nebula

Front 17

Collapsed core of a supernova consisting of a small, extremely
dense ball of neutrons.

Back 17

Neutron Star

Front 18

White dwarf star that explodes as it cools, temporarily becoming thousands
of times brighter.

Back 18

Nova

Front 19

Loosely shaped group of hundreds of stars.

Back 19

Open Cluster

Front 20

Method of determining the distance from the Earth to a star based on
the shift in the apparent position of the star when viewed from different
angles.

Back 20

Parallax

Front 21

Expanding shell of gases shed by a dying star.

Back 21

Planetary Nebula

Front 22

Inside a nebula, the shrinking, spinning center region; the second
stage in the development of a star.

Back 22

Protostar

Front 23

Neutron star that emits two beams of radiation that sweep across
space.

Back 23

Pulsar

Front 24

Starlike object that gives off radio waves and X rays.

Back 24

Quasar

Front 25

Apparent lengthening of the light waves emitted by a star moving away
from the Earth.

Back 25

Red Shift

Front 26

Type of galaxy with a nucleus of bright stars and flattened arms
that swirl around the nucleus.

Back 26

Spiral Galaxy

Front 27

Body of gases that gives off a tremendous amount of radiant energy in the
form of light and heat.

Back 27

Star

Front 28

Extremely large, giant star.

Back 28

Supergiant

Front 29

Star that blows apart with a tremendous explosion.

Back 29

Supernova

Front 30

Small, hot, dim star.

Back 30

White Dwarf