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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What are the physiologic adaptations to pregnancy that may cause hypertension? |
1. Increased plasma volume 2. Vasodilation 3. Decrease systemic vascular resistance 4.Decreased colloid osmotic pressure |
1. Increased p.... 2. V....., 3. Decreased systemic v.... 4. Decreased c..... |
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What is the definition of colloid osmotic pressure? |
The force resulting from the plasma proteins being restrained in the vessels because of their large size |
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Define chronic hypertension |
Hypertension before 20 weeks gestation or that is being treated at the time of referral to maternity services. |
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Define Eclampsia |
A convulsive condition associated with pre-eclampsia |
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Define Gestational hypertension |
Hypertension presenting after 20 weeks without significant proteinuria |
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Hypertension is classified when a blood pressure Measures at what? systolic and diastolic |
Systolic of 140 Diastolic of 90 |
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Severe hypertension Requiring urgent attention is classified when a blood pressure measures at what? Systolic and diastolic |
Systolic 160 Diastolic 110 |
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Pre-eclampsia is hypertension coupled with one or more of which conditions? |
-Proteinuria -Other maternal organ Dysfunction -Uteroplacental dysfunction |
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Maternal organ dysfunction associated with pre-eclampsia can include..... |
Renal insufficiency Liver involvement Neurological complications Haematological complications |
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How do you ensure that blood pressure monitoring is accurate? |
-Use correctly sized equipment -Ensure equipment is calibrated by medical physics -Be cautious using automated blood-pressure machines and ensure they are validated for use with pregnant women -Use consistent equipment |
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What information should be documented alongside the measured blood pressure |
Record the size of the cuff being used and whether the blood pressure was taken manually or with an automated blood pressure machine |
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Why must Kirby taken with automated blood pressure machines |
They can underestimate the blood pressure |
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Name the primary causes of chronic hypertension |
Genetics Family history Environmental factors |
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What are the secondary causes of hypertension |
Results from a medical problem Vascular issues |
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What are the secondary causes of hypertension |
Results from a medical problem Vascular issues |
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Name the three reasons why pre-eclampsia occurs |
1. Genetic basis 2. Immune maladaptation 3. Vascular mediated factors |
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What is the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia |
1. Defective placentation 2. Placental is Hameau 3. Decreased uteroplacental perfusion 4. Widespread endothelial cell dysfunction 5. Endothelial cell production of nitric oxide |
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What does endothelial cell dysfunction cause |
Vasoconstriction Placental ischaemia Clotting Disruption |
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What does the production of nitric oxide cause |
Vasodilation |
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What are the two prostaglandins called that are involved in pre-eclampsia |
Prostacyclin Thromboxane |
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Is prostacyclin a vasoconstrictor or a vasodilator |
Vasodilator and it reduces in the event of pre-eclampsia |
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Is thromboxane a vasoconstrictor or a vasodilator |
Vasoconstrictor and increases in the event of pre-eclampsia |
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What bloods would you take on somebody you suspected to have pre-eclampsia |
Full blood count (platelets) U’s and E’s LFT PCR Coagulation screen Group and save if delivery is imminent |
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