Membrane Transport- Macus

Front 1

Protein channels are made up of _________?

Back 1

Four to five protein subunits assembled together to form a pore in between.

Front 2

The pore of protein channels are lined by______?

Back 2

Amino acids side chain which controls the selectivity of the pore.

Positive side chains will allow passage for negatively charged molecules and vice versa

Front 3

Three types of gated channels are ______________________?

Back 3

Ligand gated, voltage gated , mechanical gated

Front 4

When molecules become attached to a carrier proteins, it causes a ____________.

Back 4

Change in the carrier protein shape

Front 5

Explain carrier proteins

Back 5

They bind specific molecules or ions, diffuse through the membrane and release the ion or molecule on the other side. They are usually specific to only on type of molecule.

Front 6

The core of membrane bilayer is hydro____, hence it does not allow polar molecules and ions like(_____ &______) as well as ___________ which are precluded due to their _____ & _____ to pass through them.

Back 6

1. -phobic

2. Inorganic ions , charged organic molecules

3. Macromolecules

4. Size and charge

Front 7

Selectivity of pores in channel proteins are determined by_____?

Back 7

The amino side chains of the protein subunits which line the pores

Front 8

Na+, Ca2+, K+ and Cl- channels are examples of ______ channels

Back 8

Voltage gated

Front 9

All channels are in a way said to be ________

Back 9

Gated, because their pores do not remain continually open

Front 10

An example of the ligand gated channel is_______

Back 10

Nicotinic- acetylcholine channel

Front 11

The process of normal diffusion that is aided by a membrane protein is called

Back 11

Facilitated diffusion

Front 12

A good example of carrier protein for facilitated diffusion is the ________?

Back 12

Glucose transporter

Front 13

Facilitated diffusion can be classified as a passive transport which requires no energy in the form of ATP? T/F

Back 13

T

Front 14

All carrier proteins use energy in the form of ATP? T/F

Back 14

F

Front 15

All carrier proteins are active transporters but not all active transporters are carrier proteins? T/F

Back 15

F

Front 16

There are two types of active transporters namely?

Back 16

1. Primary active transporters.

2. Secondary active transporters.

Front 17

Primary active transporters are also called?

Back 17

ATP-driven active ion pumps

Front 18

Secondary active transporters are also called

Back 18

Coupled transporters or Ion-gradient driven active transporters.

Front 19

Examples of ATP driven active ion pumps will be?

Back 19

•Na/K ATPase of Plasma Membranes

• Calcium ATPase

• ABC Transporters

Front 20

Examples of coupled transporters/ secondary active transporters would be?

Back 20

1.Na–Glucose Symport

2.Na/Ca exchanger

3.Lactose Permease

4. ATP–ADP Translocator

Front 21

Describe the structure of ABC transporters

Back 21

They are of course carrier protein that undergo conformational changes during transport. They posses two cytosolic ATP binding domain and two transmembrane domain.

Front 22

A peculiarity about ABC transporters is that?

Back 22

They are specialized in efflux pumping i.e pumping out substances ( drugs, toxins etc) from the cell

Front 23

Ion gradients are maintained across both _______& ________ membranes by the ___________

Back 23

•Plasma& intracellular

• ATP driven ion pumps/ primary active transporters

Front 24

P- glycoprotein is an example of what type of membrane protein?

Back 24

ABC Transporters

Front 25

Difference between cystine and cysteine?

Back 25

Cystine is the oxidized disulfide homodimer of two cysteines.

Front 26

Cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder that results from________________?

Back 26

Failure of the renal proximal tubule to reabsorb cysteine that was filtered by the glomerulus

Front 27

Mutations in either ABCG5 or ABCG8 result in a rare genetic disorder identified as?

Back 27

Sitosterolemia

Front 28

Describe Hartnup disease

Back 28

It is an •autosomal, •recessive, •metabolic disorder that is caused by deficiency of SLC6A19 gene on chromosome 5 which controls the B(0) AT1 transporter ( neutral amino acid transporter 1) ,expressive in the renal tubules as well as the intestinal mucosa and absorbs and reabsorbs neutral amino acids most especially tryptophan which can be used to synthesize serotonin, melatonin, niacin etc. It's symptoms are pellagra like