Medical Terminology Quiz #3

Front 1

afferent

Back 1

carry or move inward or toward a central structure

Front 2

blood brain barrier

Back 2

protective mechanism that blocks specific substances found in the blood stream from entering delicate brain tissue

Front 3

central nervous system (CNS)

Back 3

network of nervous tissue found in the brain and spinal cord

Front 4

efferent

Back 4

carry or move away from central structure

Front 5

nerve fiber

Back 5

projection of a neuron, especially the axon that transmits impulses

Front 6

neurilemma

Back 6

additional sheath external to myelin that is formed by Schwann cells and found only on axons in peripheral nervous system

Front 7

ventricle

Back 7

chamber or cavity of an organ that receives or holds a fluid

Front 8

Define brain and what nervous system.

Back 8

center for thought and emotion, interpretation of sensory stimuli, and coordination of body functions (CNS)

Front 9

Define spinal cord and what nervous system.

Back 9

main pathway for transmission of information between body and brain (CNS)

Front 10

Define cranial nerves and what nervous system.

Back 10

Includes 12 pairs of nerves that emerge from the base of the skull and may act in either a motor capacity, sensory capacity, or both.

Front 11

Define spinal nerves.

Back 11

includes 31 pairs of nerves that emerge from the spine and act in both motor and sensory capacities.

Front 12

Sympathetic: pupils, saliva, bronchi, heart rate, digestion, blood vessels

Back 12

pupils dilate, inhibit saliva, relax bronchi, accelerate heart rate, slow digestion, constrict visceral blood vessels

Front 13

Parasympathetic: pupils, saliva, bronchi, heart rate, digestion, blood vessels

Back 13

pupils constrict, increase saliva, bronchi constrict, slows heart rate, accelerates digestion, dilates visceral blood vessels

Front 14

nervous system identifies changes in blood and lymph____ and provides stimuli to maintain_____

Back 14

composition/homeostatis

Front 15

nervous system identifies pathologically altered tissue and assists the immune system in containing_____ and promoting_____.

Back 15

injury/healing

Front 16

nervous tissue, especially the____ system of the heart, transmits a____ impulse.

Back 16

conduction/contraction

Front 17

nervous system identifies____changes on vascular walls and responds to ___________.

Back 17

pressure/regulate blood pressure

Front 18

nervous stimuli of digestive organs____food by_____.

Back 18

propel/peristalsis

Front 19

nerve receptors in the_____ _____ identify the need to defecate.

Back 19

lower colon

Front 20

the____ regulates hormone production.

Back 20

hypothalamus

Front 21

nervous system transmits_____ impulses need for delivery of a fetus.

Back 21

contraction

Front 22

nervous system provides stimuli needed for_____ (female)

Back 22

lactaction

Front 23

nervous system regulates hormones needed for the_____ ______ (female).

Back 23

menstrual cycle

Front 24

nervous tissue in reproductive organs receives ______ _______.

Back 24

pleasure responses

Front 25

nervous system responds to_____ changes in bladder walls that indicate the need to void.

Back 25

pressure

Front 26

nervous system stimulates the _____ _______ when body fluid levels are low.

Back 26

thirst reflex

Front 27

sensory nervous system supplies receptors in the skin that respond to _______ _______.

Back 27

environmental stimuli

Front 28

autonomic nervous system regulates body temperature by ______ and ______.

Back 28

shivering/sweating

Front 29

nervous system provides impulses for contraction resulting in _____ and _____ movement of muscles.

Back 29

voluntary/involuntary

Front 30

autonomic nervous tissue responds to _______ changes.

Back 30

positional

Front 31

nervous system stimulates muscle contractions that create pressure changes necessary for _______. (respiratory)

Back 31

ventilation

Front 32

nervous system regulates _____ and ______ of breathing.

Back 32

rate/depth

Front 33

cerebro

Back 33

cerebrum

Front 34

dendro

Back 34

tree

Front 35

ganglio

Back 35

ganglion (knot or knotlike mass)

Front 36

-oid

Back 36

resembling

Front 37

glio

Back 37

glue; neuroglial tissue

Front 38

kinesio

Back 38

movement

Front 39

lepto

Back 39

thin/slender

Front 40

lexo

Back 40

word, phrase

Front 41

meningo

Back 41

membrane covering brain and spinal cord

Front 42

myelo

Back 42

bone marrow; spinal cord

Front 43

narco

Back 43

stupor; numbness; sleep

Front 44

neuro

Back 44

nerve

Front 45

radiculo

Back 45

nerve root

Front 46

stheno

Back 46

strength

Front 47

thalamo

Back 47

thalamus

Front 48

theco

Back 48

sheath (usually refers to meninges)

Front 49

tono

Back 49

tension

Front 50

ventriculo

Back 50

ventricle (of heart or brain)

Front 51

-algesia

Back 51

pain

Front 52

-algia

Back 52

pain

Front 53

-asthenia

Back 53

weakness, debility

Front 54

-esthesia

Back 54

feeling

Front 55

-kinesia

Back 55

movement

Front 56

-lepsy

Back 56

seizure

Front 57

-paresis

Back 57

partial paralysis

Front 58

-phasia

Back 58

speech

Front 59

-plegia

Back 59

paralysis

Front 60

-taxia

Back 60

order, coordination

Front 61

pachy-

Back 61

thick

Front 62

para-

Back 62

near, beside, beyond

Front 63

syn-

Back 63

union, joined, together

Front 64

uni-

Back 64

one

Front 65

affective disorder

Back 65

psychological disorder in which the major characteristic is an abnormal mood, usually mania or depression

Front 66

anorexia nervosa

Back 66

eating disorder characterized by a refusal to maintain adequate weight for age and height and an all-consuming desire to remain thin

Front 67

anxiety

Back 67

psychological "worry" disorder characterized by excessive pondering or thinking "what if...."

Front 68

ADHD

Back 68

disorder affecting children and adults characterized by impulsiveness, overactivity, and the inability to remain focused on a task.

Front 69

bipolar disorder

Back 69

Shannon's crazy grandma

Front 70

bulimia nervosa

Back 70

eating disorder characterized by binging (overeating) and purging (vomiting or using laxatives).

Front 71

depression

Back 71

mood disorder associated with sadness, despair, discouragement, and commonly feeling of low self-esteem, guilt, and withdrawl.

Front 72

mania

Back 72

mood disorder characterized by mental and physical hyperactivity, disorganized behavior, and excessively elevated mood.

Front 73

panic attack

Back 73

sudden, intense, overwhelming feeling of fear that comes without warning and is not attributable to any immediate danger.

Front 74

agnosis

Back 74

inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactory, or other sensations even though the sensory sphere is intact

Front 75

asthenia

Back 75

weakness, debility, or loss of strength

Front 76

ataxia

Back 76

lack of muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movement

Front 77

aura

Back 77

premonitory awareness of an approaching physical or mental disorder; peculiar sensation that precedes seizures

Front 78

autism

Back 78

developmental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and an abnormal absorption of fantasy, usually accompanied by an inability to communicate even on a basic level

Front 79

closed head trauma

Back 79

injury to the head in which the dura mater remains intact and brain tissue is not exposed

Front 80

coma

Back 80

abnormally deep unconsciousness with absence of voluntary response to stimuli

Front 81

concussion

Back 81

injury to the brain, occasionally with transient loss of consciousness as a result of injury or trauma to the head

Front 82

convulsion

Back 82

any sudden and violent contraction of one or more muscles

Front 83

dementia

Back 83

broad term that refers to cognitive deficit, including memory impairment

Front 84

dyslexia

Back 84

inability to learn and process written language despite adequate intelligence, sensory ability, and exposure

Front 85

Guillain-Barre syndrome

Back 85

autoimmune condition that causes acute inflammation of the peripheral nerves in which myelin sheaths on the axons are destroyed, resulting in decreased nerve impulses, loss of reflex response, and sudden muscle weakness

Front 86

herpes zoster

Back 86

painful, acute infectious disease of the posterior root ganglia of only a few segments of the spinal cord or cranial nerves; also called shingles

Front 87

Huntington chorea

Back 87

inherited disease of the CNS characterized by quick, involuntary movements, speech disturbances, and mental deterioration.

Front 88

hydrocephalus

Back 88

accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones

Front 89

lethargy

Back 89

abnormal inactivity or lack of response to normal stimuli; also called sluggishness

Front 90

neurosis

Back 90

nonpsychotic mental illness that triggers feelings of distress and anxiety and impairs normal behavior

Front 91

de-

Back 91

cessation

Front 92

ment

Back 92

mind

Front 93

palsy

Back 93

paralysis, usually partial, and common characterized by weakness and shaking or uncontrolled tremor

Front 94

Bell palsy

Back 94

facial paralysis caused by a functional disorder of the seventh cranial nerve, associated with herpes virus

Front 95

cerebral palsy

Back 95

type of paralysis that affects the movement and body position and, sometimes, speech and learning ability

Front 96

paralysis

Back 96

loss of voluntary motion in one or more muscle groups with or without loss of sensation

Front 97

hemiplegia

Back 97

paralysis of one side of the body, typically the result of a stroke, also called unilateral paralysis

Front 98

paraplegia

Back 98

paralysis of both lower limbs, typically a result of trauma or disease of lower spinal cord

Front 99

quadriplegia

Back 99

paralysis of both arms and legs, typically a result of trauma or disease of upper spinal cord

Front 100

psych

Back 100

mind

Front 101

psychosis

Back 101

major emotional disorder in which contact with reality is lost to the point that the individual is incapable of meeting challenges of daily life.

Front 102

spina bifida

Back 102

defect in which the neural tube (tissue that forms the brain and spinal cord in the fetus) fails to close during embryogenesis

Front 103

meningocele

Back 103

form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord develops properly but the meninges protrude through the spine.

Front 104

myelomeningocele

Back 104

most severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine

Front 105

occulta

Back 105

form of spina bifida in which one or more vertebrae are malformed and the spinal cord is covered with a layer of skin

Front 106

paresthesia

Back 106

sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity

Front 107

poliomyelitis

Back 107

inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis

Front 108

Reye syndrome

Back 108

acute encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of the brain, liver, and possibly, the pancreas, heart, kidney, spleen, and lymph nodes

Front 109

sciatica

Back 109

severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve felt at the base of the spine, down the thigh, and radiating down the leg due to a compressed nerve

Front 110

synscope

Back 110

temporary loss of consciousness due to sudden decline of blood flow to the brain, also called fainting

Front 111

vasovagal

Back 111

synscope due to a drop in blood pressure brought on by the response of the nervous system to abrupt emotional stress, pain, or trauma

Front 112

tonic-clonic seizure

Back 112

general type of seizure characterized by the loss of consciousness and stiffening of the body (tonic phase) followed by rhythmic, jerking movements (clonic phase)

Front 113

transient ischemic attack (TIA)

Back 113

temporary interference with blood supply to the brain lasting from a few minutes to a few hours

Front 114

electroencephalography

Back 114

recording of electrical activity in the brain, whose cells emit distinct patterns of rhythmic electrical impulses

Front 115

electromyography

Back 115

recording of electrical signals (action potentials) that occur in a muscle when it is at rest and during contraction to assess nerve damage

Front 116

lumbar puncture

Back 116

needle puncture of the spinal cavity to extract spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, introduce anesthetic agents into the spinal canal, or remove fluid to allow other fluids (such as radiopaque substances) to be injected; also called spinal puncture and spinal tap

Front 117

nerve conduction velocity

Back 117

test that measures the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve

Front 118

cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Back 118

series of chemical, microscopic, and microbial tests used to diagnose disorders of the CNS, including viral and bacterial infections, tumors, and hemorrhage

Front 119

angiography

Back 119

radiography of the blood vessels after introduction of a contrast medium

Front 120

cerebral angiography

Back 120

angiography of blood vessels of the brain after injection of a contrast medium; also called cerebral arteriography

Front 121

computed tomography (CT)

Back 121

imaging technique achieved by rotating an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measuring the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles

Front 122

myelography

Back 122

diagnostic radiological examination of the spinal canal, nerve roots, and spinal cord after injection of contrast medium into the spinal cord

Front 123

positron emission tomography (PET)

Back 123

scan using computed tomography to record the positrons (positively charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical and produce a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity in body tissues to determine presence of disease

Front 124

ultrasonography

Back 124

imaging procedure using high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) that display the reflected "echoes" on a monitor, also called ultrasound, sonography, echo, and echogram

Front 125

echoencephalography

Back 125

ultrasound technique used to study intracranial structures of the brain and conditions that cause a shift in the midline structures of the brain

Front 126

echo

Back 126

repeated sound

Front 127

cryosurgery

Back 127

technique that exposes abnormal tissue to extreme cold to destroy it

Front 128

stereotaxic radiosurgery

Back 128

precise method of locating and destroying sharply circumscribed lesions on specific, tiny areas of pathological tissue in deep-seated structures of the central nervous system; also called stereotaxy or stereotactic surgery

Front 129

thalamotomy

Back 129

partial destruction of the thalamus to treat intractable pain, involuntary movements, or emotional disturbances

Front 130

tractotomy

Back 130

transection of a nerve tract in the brainstem or spinal cord

Front 131

trephination

Back 131

technique that cuts a circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure

Front 132

vagotomy

Back 132

interruption of the function of the vagus nerve to relieve peptic ulcer

Front 133

anesthetics

Back 133

produce partial or complete loss of sensation, with or without loss of consciousness

Front 134

what general drug is used to act upon the brain to produce complete loss of feeling with loss of consciousness

Back 134

propofol (Diprivan)

Front 135

Name 2 medications used for local anesthetics and how they work.

Back 135

procaine and lidocaine

act upon nerves or nerve tracts to affect a local area only

Front 136

Name 2 medications used for anticonvulsants and how they work.

Back 136

carbamazepine and valproate

prevent uncontrolled neuron activity associated with seizures by altering electrical transmission along neurons or altering the chemical composition of neurotransmitters; also called antiepileptics

Front 137

Name 2 medications used as antiparkinsons and how they work.

Back 137

levodopa and levodopa/carbidopa

control tremors and muscle rigidity associated with parkinson disease by increasing dopamine in the brain

Front 138

Name 2 antipsychotics and how they work.

Back 138

clozapine and risperidone

treat psychosis, paranoia, and schizophrenia by altering chemicals in the brain, including the limbic system which controls emotions.

Front 139

Name 2 antidepressants and how they work.

Back 139

paroxetine and fluoxetine

treat multiple symptoms of depression by increasing levels of specific neurotransmitters

Front 140

Name 2 hypnotics and how they work.

Back 140

secobarbital and temazepam

depress CNS funtions, promote sedation and sleep, and relieve agitation, anxiousness, and restlessness

Front 141

Name 2 psychostimulants and how they work.

Back 141

dextroamphetamine and methylphenidate

reduce impulsive behavior by increasing the level of neurotransmitters

Front 142

ADAD

Back 142

Alzheimer disease

Front 143

ALS

Back 143

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; also called Lou Gehrig disease

Front 144

BEAM

Back 144

brain electrical activity mapping

Front 145

CP

Back 145

cerebral palsy

Front 146

CVA

Back 146

cerebrovascular accident

Front 147

EEG

Back 147

ectroencephalography

Front 148

EMG

Back 148

electromyography

Front 149

ICP

Back 149

intracranial pressure

Front 150

LOC

Back 150

loss of consciousness

Front 151

LP

Back 151

lumbar puncture

Front 152

MRA

Back 152

magnetic resonance angiogram; magnetic resonance angiography

Front 153

MRI

Back 153

magnetic resonance imaging

Front 154

MS

Back 154

musculoskeletal; multiple sclerosis; mental status; mitral stenosis

Front 155

NCV

Back 155

nerve conduction velocity

Front 156

SNS

Back 156

sympathetic nervous system; somatic nervous system

Front 157

TIA

Back 157

transient ischemic attack

Front 158

accommodation

Back 158

adjustment of the eye for various distances so that images fall on the retina of the eye

Front 159

acuity

Back 159

clearness or sharpness of a sensory function

Front 160

adnexa

Back 160

tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure

Front 161

articulating

Back 161

being loosely joined or connected together to allow motion between parts

Front 162

humor

Back 162

any fluid or semifluid of the body

Front 163

labyrinth

Back 163

series of intricate communicating passages

Front 164

opaque

Back 164

substance that does not allow passage of light; not transparent

Front 165

perilymph

Back 165

fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea

Front 166

photopigment

Back 166

light-sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual processes; also called visual pigment

Front 167

refractive

Back 167

ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another

Front 168

tunic

Back 168

layer or coat of tissue; also called membrane layer

Front 169

amblyo

Back 169

dull, dim

Front 170

aqueo

Back 170

water

Front 171

opia

Back 171

vision

Front 172

conjunctivo

Back 172

conjunctiva

Front 173

coreo

Back 173

pupil

Front 174

pupillo

Back 174

pupill

Front 175

corneo

Back 175

cornea

Front 176

cyclo

Back 176

ciliary body of eye; circular; cycle

Front 177

dacryo

Back 177

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

Front 178

lacrimo

Back 178

tear; lacrimal apparatus (duct, sac, or gland)

Front 179

dacryocysto

Back 179

lacrimal sac

Front 180

myc

Back 180

fungus

Front 181

glauco

Back 181

gray

Front 182

gonio

Back 182

angle

Front 183

irido

Back 183

iris

Front 184

kerato

Back 184

horny tissue; hard; cornea

Front 185

oculo

Back 185

eye

Front 186

opthalmo

Back 186

eye

Front 187

opto

Back 187

eye, vision

Front 188

optico

Back 188

eye, vision

Front 189

phaco

Back 189

lens

Front 190

photo

Back 190

light

Front 191

presbyo

Back 191

old age

Front 192

retino

Back 192

retina

Front 193

sclero

Back 193

hardening; sclera (white of eye)

Front 194

eso

Back 194

inward

Front 195

scoto

Back 195

darkness

Front 196

vitro

Back 196

vitreous body (of eye)

Front 197

audio

Back 197

hearing

Front 198

labyrintho

Back 198

labyrinth (inner ear)

Front 199

mastoid

Back 199

mastoid process

Front 200

oto

Back 200

ear

Front 201

pyo

Back 201

pus

Front 202

salpingo

Back 202

tubes (usually fallopian or eustachian [auditory] tubes)

Front 203

stapedo

Back 203

stapes

Front 204

myringo

Back 204

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Front 205

tympano

Back 205

tympanic membrane (eardrum)

Front 206

acusia

Back 206

hearing

Front 207

cusis

Back 207

hearing

Front 208

opsia

Back 208

vision

Front 209

achromatopsia

Back 209

severe congenital deficiency in color perception, also called complete color blindness

Front 210

chalazion

Back 210

small, hard tumor developing on the eyelid, somewhat similar to a sebaceous cyst

Front 211

conjuntivitis

Back 211

inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye; may be secondary to viral, bacterial, or fungal infections or allergy

Front 212

convergence

Back 212

medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed

Front 213

diopter (D)

Back 213

measurement of refractive error

Front 214

ectropion

Back 214

eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid

Front 215

emmetropia (Em)

Back 215

state of normal vision

Front 216

entropion

Back 216

inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid

Front 217

epiphora

Back 217

abnormal overflow of tears

Front 218

exophthalmos

Back 218

protrusion of one or both eyeballs

Front 219

hordeolum

Back 219

localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called stye

Front 220

metamorphopsia

Back 220

visual distortion of objects

Front 221

meta

Back 221

change, beyond

Front 222

nyctal

Back 222

night

Front 223

nyctalopia

Back 223

impaired vision in dim light; also called night blindness

Front 224

nystagmus

Back 224

involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

Front 225

papilledema

Back 225

edema and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with increase intracranial pressure; also called choked disc

Front 226

photophobia

Back 226

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light

Front 227

presbyopia

Back 227

loss of accommodation of the crystalline lens associated with the aging process

Front 228

retinopathy

Back 228

any disorder of retinal blood vessels

Front 229

diabetic

Back 229

disorder that occurs in patients with diabetes and is manifested by small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessels on the retina, leading to scarring and eventual loss of vision

Front 230

trachoma

Back 230

chronic, contagious form of conjuctivitis common in the southwestern U.S. that typically leads to blindness

Front 231

visual field

Back 231

area within which objects may be seen when the eye is in a fixed position

Front 232

anacusis

Back 232

complete deafness; also called anacusia

Front 233

conduction impairment

Back 233

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)

Front 234

labyrinthitis

Back 234

inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process

Front 235

Meniere disease

Back 235

disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing

Front 236

noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)

Back 236

condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close"

Front 237

otitis externa

Back 237

infection of the external auditory canal

Front 238

presbyacusis

Back 238

impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia

Front 239

pressure-equalizing (PE) tubes

Back 239

tubes that are inserted through the tympanic membrane, commonly to treat chronic otitis media; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes

Front 240

tinnitus

Back 240

perception of ringing, hissing, or other sounds in the ears or head when no external sound is present

Front 241

vertigo

Back 241

hallucination of movement, or a feeling of spinning or dizziness

Front 242

audiometry

Back 242

measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies

Front 243

caloric stimulation test

Back 243

test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear (acoustic nerve) to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

Front 244

electronystagmography

Back 244

method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

Front 245

opthalmodynamometry

Back 245

measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels

Front 246

tonometry

Back 246

evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force

Front 247

visual acuity (VA) test

Back 247

part of an eye exam that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 feet

Front 248

gonioscopy

Back 248

examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma

Front 249

opthalmoscopy

Back 249

visual exam of the interior of the eye using a hand-held instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye

Front 250

otoscopy

Back 250

visual exam of the external auditory canal and the tympanic membrane using an otoscope

Front 251

pneumatic

Back 251

procedure that asses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to change in air pressure

Front 252

retinoscopy

Back 252

evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light waves

Front 253

dacryocystography

Back 253

radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts

Front 254

fluorescein angiography

Back 254

Asses blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of fluorscein dye. The dye circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained.

Front 255

orthoptic training

Back 255

exercises intended to improve eye movements or visual tracking that use training glasses, prism glasses, or tinted or colored lenses

Front 256

blepharoplasty

Back 256

cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive exposure to the sun

Front 257

cochlear implant

Back 257

artificial hearing device that produces useful hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear

Front 258

cyclodialysis

Back 258

formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

Front 259

enucleation

Back 259

removal of the eyeball from the orbit

Front 260

evisceration

Back 260

removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact

Front 261

mastoid antrotomy

Back 261

surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process

Front 262

otoplasty

Back 262

corrective surgery for a deformed or excessively large or small pinna

Front 263

phacoemulsification

Back 263

method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed

Front 264

radial keratotomy

Back 264

incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism

Front 265

sclerostomy

Back 265

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera

Front 266

Rinne

Back 266

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound

Front 267

tuning fork test

Back 267

method use to evaluate sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork

Front 268

Weber

Back 268

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

Front 269

tympanoplasty

Back 269

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty

Front 270

ophthalmic antibiotics name and action

Back 270

Erythromycin base

inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye

Front 271

antiglaucoma agents 2 names and action

Back 271

Timolol (Betimol) and Acetazolamide (Diamox)

decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea

Front 272

mydriatics name and action

Back 272

Atropine sulfate

drugs that disrupt parasympathetic nerve supply to the eye or stimulate the sympathetic nervous system, causing the pupil to dilate

Front 273

ophthalmic decongestants name and action

Back 273

Tetrahydrozoline (Murine, Visine)

constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decreasing redness and relieving conjuctival congestion

Front 274

ophthalmic moisturizers name and action

Back 274

Buffered isotonic solutions (Akwa Tears, Moisture Eyes)

soothe dry eyes due to environmental irritants and allergens

Front 275

ear antiemetics name and action

Back 275

Meclizine (Antrizine, Bonine, Meni-D)

treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing the sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli from reaching the part of the brain that triggers nausea and vomiting

Front 276

otic analgesics name and action

Back 276

Antipyrine and Benzocaine (Allergan Ear drops, A/B Otic)

provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation associated with otic disorders

Front 277

wax emulsifiers name and action

Back 277

Carbamide and Peroxide (Debrox Drops, Murine Ear Drops)

Loosen and help remove impacted cerumen (ear wax)

Front 278

Acc

Back 278

accommodation

Front 279

ARMD, AMD

Back 279

age-related macular degeneration

Front 280

Ast

Back 280

astigmatism

Front 281

CK

Back 281

conductive keratoplasty; creatine kinase (cardiac enzymes)

Front 282

D

Back 282

diopter (lens strength)

Front 283

Em

Back 283

emmetropia

Front 284

EOM

Back 284

extraocular movement

Front 285

IOL

Back 285

intraocular lens

Front 286

IOP

Back 286

intraocular pressure

Front 287

LASIK

Back 287

laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis

Front 288

mix astig

Back 288

mixed astigmatism

Front 289

Myop

Back 289

myopia (nearsightedness)

Front 290

OD

Back 290

right eye

Front 291

O.D.

Back 291

Doctor of Optometry

Front 292

OS

Back 292

left eye

Front 293

OU

Back 293

both eyes

Front 294

PERRLA

Back 294

pupils equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation

Front 295

RK

Back 295

radial keratotomy

Front 296

SICS

Back 296

small incision cataract surgery

Front 297

SLE

Back 297

slit lamp exam; systematic lupus erythematosus

Front 298

ST

Back 298

esotropia

Front 299

VA

Back 299

visual acuity

Front 300

VF

Back 300

visual field

Front 301

XT

Back 301

exotropia

Front 302

AC

Back 302

air conduction

Front 303

AD

Back 303

right ear

Front 304

AS

Back 304

left ear

Front 305

AU

Back 305

both ears

Front 306

BC

Back 306

bone conduction

Front 307

ENT

Back 307

ear, nose, and throat

Front 308

OM

Back 308

otitis media

Front 309

PE

Back 309

physical exam; pulmonary embolism; pressure equalizing tube

Front 310

URI

Back 310

upper respiratory infection