Mcat Physics

Front 1

Motion Equation: Solve for t given v, v(o), and a

Back 1

v=v(o) + at

Front 2

Motion Equation: Solve for displacement.

Back 2

dx=v(o)t + 1/2at^2

Front 3

Motion Equation: solve for v given v(o), a, and dx.

Back 3

v^2=v(o)^2 + 2a(dx)

Front 4

Free-fall velocity

Back 4

v=sq(2gh)

Front 5

Force

Back 5

F=ma

Front 6

Gravitational Force

Back 6

G=Gm1m2/r^2

Front 7

Inclined Plane. Normal Force

Back 7

F(n)=mgcos(Θ)

Front 8

Inclined Plane. Force down ramp.

Back 8

F=mgsin(theta)

Front 9

Centripital Acceleration

Back 9

a(c)=(v^2)/r

Front 10

Static friction

Back 10

F(s)≤µ(s)F(n)

Front 11

Kinetic Frictional Force

Back 11

F(k)=µ(k)F(n)

Front 12

Hook's Law

Back 12

F(s)=-k(dx)

Front 13

Torque

Back 13

τ=FrsinΘ

Front 14

Kinetic Energy

Back 14

KE=1/2mv^2

Front 15

Potential Energy: Gravitational

Back 15

PE=mgh

Front 16

Potential Energy: Elastic

Back 16

PE(e)=1/2k(dx)^2

Front 17

Work. Definition, units, equations.

Back 17

Transfer of energy via a force.
W=FdcosΘ (except friction)
W=dKE + dPE + dE(i)
No friction (AKA all conservative forces): W=dKE + dPE

Front 18

Work done by non-conservative forces. (chemical energy from fuel, etc.)

Back 18

W=dKE + dPE

Front 19

Work done by friction

Back 19

f(k)dcosΘ=dKE + dPE

Front 20

Power

Back 20

P=dE/t
P=W/t

Front 21

Power (instantaneous) due to a force

Back 21

P=FvcosΘ

Front 22

Momentum

Back 22

p=mv

Front 23

Impulse (definition)

Back 23

Change in momentum
J=dp
J=F(avg)dt
dmv=F(avg)dt

Front 24

Ramp (force)

Back 24

F=mg(h/d)
W remains constant so in order to decrease mg by 1/2, we must increase d by 2: W=Fd

Front 25

Lever (force)

Back 25

F=mg(L(1)/L(2))

Front 26

Pulley (force)

Back 26

F=mg/2

Front 27

Beta decay

Back 27

loss of e-. Add proton

Front 28

Positron emission

Back 28

emission of positron with proton going to a neutron

Front 29

Electron capture

Back 29

Proton changed to neutron, capture e-

Front 30

Gamma Ray

Back 30

electron and positron collide. energy!

Front 31

Rest Mass Energy

Back 31

E=mc^2

Front 32

Density

Back 32

density=m/V (kg/m^3)

Front 33

Specific Gravity

Back 33

S.G.=p(substance)/p(water)

Front 34

Density of water

Back 34

1000 kg/m^3
1g/cm^3

Front 35

Pressure

Back 35

P=F/A (Pa)

Front 36

Pressure for a fluid at rest in a closed container

Back 36

P=pgy (y equals depth)

Front 37

P(atmospheric)

Back 37

101,000 Pa

Front 38

Hydraulic Lift

Back 38

P(1)=P(2)
F/A=F/A

Front 39

Bouyant Force

Back 39

F(b)=pVg

Front 40

Fraction submerged

Back 40

p(floating object)/p(fluid)

S.G. if water

Front 41

Continuity Equation

Back 41

Q=Av (where Q is the volume flow rate)

I=pQ=pAv (where I is the mass flow rate)

In an ideal fluid, Q (or I) is constant.

Front 42

Bernoulli's Equation

Back 42

P + pgh + 1/2pv^2 = K

Front 43

Volume flow rate at varying pressures

Back 43

dP=QR

Front 44

Stress

Back 44

F/A

Front 45

Strain

Back 45

d(dimension)/dimension

Front 46

Modulus of Elasticity

Back 46

Stress/Strain

Front 47

Young's Modulus (Y)

Back 47

Y=(F/A)/(dh/h)

Front 48

Shear Modulus (G)

Back 48

G=(F/A)/(dx/h)

Front 49

Bulk Modulus (B)

Back 49

B=(F/A)/(dV/V)

Front 50

Thermal Expansion

Back 50

dt σ dL

Front 51

Velocity of a wave

Back 51

v=ƒ(lambda)

Front 52

Period of a wave

Back 52

T=1/ƒ

Front 53

Speed of a wave in a gas

Back 53

Increases with temperature!

Front 54

Velocity of a wave depends on

Back 54

Elasticity of medium and inertia

Front 55

Intensity of a wave

Back 55

W/m^2. Proportional to A^2 and ƒ^2

Front 56

Intensity Level

Back 56

ß=10log(I/I(o))

Front 57

Frequency of beats

Back 57

ƒ=│ƒ(1)-ƒ(2)│

Front 58

Wave enters new medium

Back 58

Wavelength different, amplitude smaller and velocity change, frequency does not

Refraction

Front 59

Both ends open or both closed (or both tied or loose) Length of harmonic

Back 59

L=n(lambda(n))/2 (n=1,2,3...)

Front 60

One end closed or tied. Length of harmonic

Back 60

L=n(lambda(n))/4 (n=1,3,5...)

Front 61

Simple harmonic motion

Back 61

F=-k(dx)
a is proportional to dx and to ƒ^2.

Front 62

Doppler Effect

Back 62

dƒ/ƒ(s) = v/c (c is wave velocity and v is relative velocity between source and observer)
same for lambda

Front 63

Coulomb's Law

Back 63

F=kq(1)q(2)/r^2
Like Gravitation

Front 64

Electric Field

Back 64

Electrostatic force per unit charge
E=kq(1)/r^2 N/C or V/m

Front 65

Force of point charge in electric field

Back 65

F=Eq

Front 66

Electric Potential Energy (normal and for point charge)

Back 66

PE=qEd
Point charge creating electric field:
PE=kq(1)q(2)/r
Joules

Front 67

Voltage

Back 67

Potential for work by an electric field in moving any charge from one point to another. V=Ed
Point charge? V=kq(1)/r
V or J/C

Front 68

Resistivity

Back 68

Directly proportional to length, inversely to area
Ω

Front 69

Ohm's Law

Back 69

V=IR

Front 70

Capacitance

Back 70

Ability to store charge per unit voltage.
C=Q/V
Constant electric field btwn plates. Surface area increases C, distance decreases C by increasing V (V=Ed)

Front 71

Energy stored in a capacitor

Back 71

E (or U) = 1/2QV
U = 1/2CV^2
U=1/2Q^2/C

Front 72

Resistors in series

Back 72

R(eff)=R(1) + R(2) ...

Front 73

Resistors in parallel

Back 73

1/R(eff) = 1/R(1) + 1/R(2) ...

Front 74

Capacitors in series

Back 74

1/C(eff) = 1/C(1) + 1/C(2) . . .

Front 75

Capacitors in parallel

Back 75

C(eff)= C(1) + C(2) . . .

Front 76

Power (electrical)

Back 76

P = IV

Front 77

Maximum Voltage
Maximum Current

Back 77

V(max)=√2 V(rms)
I(max)=√2 I(rms)

Front 78

Magnetic Field (B)

Back 78

Strength varies by 1/r^2
Unless long straight wire, then varies by 1/r

Front 79

Force due to B field

Back 79

F=qvBsinΘ
perpendicular to the force and the velocity. DOES NO WORK. Changes direction of velocity, but never magnitude. Acts as centripetal force and can be set equal to mv^2/r to find radius of curvature of the path of a particle

Front 80

Speed of electromagnetic waves

Back 80

c=ƒ(lambda)

Front 81

Index of refraction

Back 81

n=c/v

Front 82

Snell's Law

Back 82

n(1)sinΘ(1) = n(2)sinΘ(2)
Remember, wavelength changes in a new medium, but ƒ stays the same!

Front 83

Energy of a single photon

Back 83

E=hƒ

Front 84

Critical Angle

Back 84

Θ(critical)=sin(-1)(n(1)/n(2))

Front 85

Chromatic dispersion

Back 85

Longer wavelengths move faster through the medium and are therefore bent less dramatically at the media interface.

Front 86

Focal Point

Back 86

ƒ = 1/2r

Front 87

Lens power

Back 87

P=1/ƒ

Front 88

magnification

Back 88

m = -q/p = h/h(o)

Front 89

Thin Lens Equation

Back 89

1/ƒ = 1/p + 1/q

Front 90

Two-lens system
Magnification
Power

Back 90

M=m(1)m(2)
P(eff)= P(1) + P(2)