Mammalogy Lect Exam 2

Front 1

All Artiodactyls are strict herbivores.

Back 1

False

Front 2

Some bears can be found in Asia.

Back 2

True

Front 3

Rodents have no canines.

Back 3

True

Front 4

All Carnivorans are strict carnivores.

Back 4

False

Front 5

There are 3,000 bat species

Back 5

False, 1,120 species

Front 6

Sloths are found in all the tropics.

Back 6

False

Front 7

Lagomorphs are native to Australia.

Back 7

False

Front 8

Rhino horn is worth more than gold, and is the major reason they are poached.

Back 8

True

Front 9

Rumen

Back 9

The first stomach/chamber of a ruminant herbivore that contains microorganisms that facilitate digestion when food or cud is received.

Front 10

Sanguinivore

Back 10

Species that consumes blood.

Front 11

Placenta/fetal placenta/maternal placenta

Back 11

chorionic villi is the fetal placenta along with uterine villi, maternal placenta, provide nutrient uptake, waste elimination, gas exchange, and immunity for a developing fetus.

Front 12

Echolocation

Back 12

The process of emitting sound waves that once reflected, can portray texture, shape, size, location, speed and direction of a prey item.

Front 13

White-Nose Syndrome

Back 13

a destructive earth fungus that grows on the snout of Chiroptera, leaving skin lesions and disturbing hibernation, leading to depleted energy stores and eventually colony die-offs.

Front 14

The only truly social perissodactyls belong to the _______ family.

Back 14

Equidae

Front 15

The three most speciose mammal orders are:

Back 15

Rodentia, Chiroptera, Soricomorpha

Front 16

Armadillos belong to the super order____ and the order ______.

Back 16

Super order: Xenarthra

Order: Cingulata

Front 17

The extinct "dog-like" marsupial, the ______ was the apex predator in Tasmania until only 80 years ago. It belonged to the order _________.

Back 17

Thylacine wolf

Order: Dasyuromorphia

Front 18

The ______ is the single urogential opening seen in monotremes and most other amniotes such as reptiles.

Back 18

Cloaca

Front 19

Golden Moles are in which family?

Back 19

Chyrosochloridae

Front 20

The most diverse metatherian order is?

Back 20

Diprotodontia

Front 21

Where did Metatherians first evolve?

Back 21

Asia

Front 22

The Order Afrosoricida is found where in the world?

Back 22

Madagascar and Africa

Front 23

Some whales may be able to stun prey. which group (sub order) appears to have this ability? How might they do this, and what 2 lines of evidence suggest they have this ability?

Back 23

Sub order: Odontoceti

they use echolocation (with nasal sacs, larynx, and melon). There is never any evidence of a struggle and their prey seems disoriented.

Front 24

List 4 ways that rodents are important to modern human society.

Back 24

– Ecology/Evolution
– Psychology
– Medicine• Furbearers
• Pets
• Food
• Biological&control
• Pests
• Disease

Front 25

Describe 2 different hunting strategies seen in Carnivorans. Name families that practice each.

Back 25

Canidae chase* their prey, chase meaning they pursue their target, regardless of being seen, until it becomes exhausted.

Felidae stalk* their prey, stalk meaning they remain silent and unseen in order to get as close as possible.

Front 26

Name 4 mammal groups that use echolocation.

Back 26

Microchiroptera, Soricidae (shrews), Odontoceti, Pinnipedia

Front 27

What are the two types of food hoarding? Define both.

Back 27

Scatter hoarding: large number of small cashes spread out over large areas.

Larder hoarding: one giant hord.

Front 28

List 3 features that can be used to diagnose the 3 major clades of mammals (Prototherians/Eutherians/Metatherians). Be clear on which group possesses the traits you list (not patterns).

Back 28

Prototheria: Cloaca, Sclerotic rings, lay eggs

Metatherians: marsupium, No corpus callosum, palatine fenestrated

Eutherians: corpus callosum, large braincase, jugal not part of mandibular fossa

Front 29

Describe the specific threat your chosen mammal faces, and aspects of its ecology and life history that may exacerbate or mitigate its conservation.

Back 29

The Pholidota or pangolins are over hunted for their keratinized scales and meat, plus they face habitat loss. Pangolins protect themselves by curling up into a ball, but this is not a great tactic when dealing with humans. They are solitary animals that only produce one to three young who take two years to reach full maturity. Such a low fecundity and long period before sexually mature, challenge the recovery of the pangolin when faced with increased demand from humans.

Front 30

Explain 2 advantages to great size, and 2 disadvantages.

Back 30

Two advantages to being tremendous in size are the lack of predators that can successfully take them down and the ease of foraging by reaching areas not heavily grazed by other smaller species. The disadvantages of being so large is the requirement of more resources and space along with the challenges of thermoregulating such a large surface area; this means practicing strategies to stay cool (being close to water, mud bathing) or staying warm (huddling close to others in the group, sun bathing).