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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The stimulation of sensory receptors and the transmission of sensory information to the central nervous system.
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Sensation
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The process by which sensations are organized into an inner representation of the world.
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Perception
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The minimal amount of energy that can produce a sensation. Defined as the weakest stimulus that can activate a sensory system 50 percent of the time.
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Absolute Threshold
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Occurs below conscious awareness for a signal that is below the absolute threshold. May subtly influence an individual's attitudes. Unlikely to drastically alter an individual's behaviour.
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Subliminal Perception
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The term for the fraction of the intensity by which a source of physical energy must be increased or decreased so that a difference can be perceived.
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Weber's constant
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The perception of sensory stimuli involves the interaction of physical, biological, and psychological factors.
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Signal-Detection Theory
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Process by which we become more sensitive to stimuli of low magnitude
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Sensitization
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Process by which we become less sensitive to stimuli that remain the same
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Desensitization
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Light travels through the transparent ______, then through the pupil before hitting the lens.
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Cornea
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The lens projects an image onto the ______ of the eye. Neurons send the signals to the optic nerve, which transmits the signal to the brain.
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Retina
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Provide colour vision. Most densely packed in centre of retina (fovea). Responsible for visual acuity.
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Cones
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Provide vision in black and white. Denser on the periphery of the fovea. More sensitive than cones but less visually acute.
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Rods
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Wavelength of light
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Hue
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Degree of lightness or darkness
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Value
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How intense a colour appears to us
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Saturation
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Three types of cones that are sensitive to either red, green, or blue. Different patterns of firing are perceived as being different colours.
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Trichromatic Theory
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Three types of colour receptors, Red-green, Blue-Yellow, and light-dark. Brain integrates input from all three to perceive colours.
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Opponent-process theory
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Fully colour blind. Vision is in black and white.
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Monochromat
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Partial colour blindness. Discriminate between two colours.
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Dichromat
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Allows us to perceive what is the object of interest and what is the background.
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Figure-ground perception
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Perception of the whole followed by perception of the parts. Referred to as holistic processing.
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Top-down processing
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Perception of the parts leads to perception of the whole. Determining the whole from the sum of its parts.
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Bottom-up processing
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Failure to notice visual input because attention is focused elsewhere
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Inattentional Blindness
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Failure to notice changes, even when they are anticipated
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Change blindness
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Funnels sound waves to the eardrum.
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Outer ear
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Acts as an amplifier. Eardrum and ossicles
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Middle ear
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Fluid-filled cochlea translates vibrations into neural impulses. Auditory nerve sends impulses along to the brain.
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Inner ear
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