Lesson 1B - Knowing Oneself Personality And It's Dimensions

Front 1

Gordon Allport

Back 1

________ defines personality as a pattern of habits, attitudes, and traits that determine an individual's characteristics, behaviors, and traits

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Personality

Back 2

Refers to the unique and relatively enduring set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, and motives that characterize an individual (Feist and Rosenberg,2012)

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1. Uniqueness

2. Enduring or consistency

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Two key components of personality

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Nature

Nurture

Back 4

What are the factors that influences personality?

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Nature

Back 5

Heredity or genetic make-up

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Nurture

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environment

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>Openness to experience

>Conscientiousness

>Extraversion

>Agreeablenes

>Neuroticism

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The Five Universal Dimensions of Personality (OCEAN)

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Trait theories

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_________ of personality have long attempted to pin down exactly how many personality traits exist.

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Gordon Allport

Back 9

________'s list 4,000 personality traits.

Front 10

Raymond Cattell

Back 10

________'s 16 personality traits

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Hans Eysenck

Back 11

________'s three-factor theory

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Cattells theory

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Too complicated theory

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Eysenck's theory

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too limited in scope theory

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Five-factor theory

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As a result, the ___________ emerged to describe the essential traits that serve as the building blocks of personality.

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50

Back 15

Evidence of the theory has been growing for the past ________ years, beginning with the research of D. W. Fiske (1949), later expanded by other researchers: Norman (1967), Smith (1967), Goldberg (1981), and McCrae & Costa (1987)

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two extremes

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It is important to note that each of the five personality factors represent a range between *

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polar ends

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In the real world, most people lie somewhere in between the ________ of each dimension.

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Openness

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features characteristics such as imagination and insight, and those high in this trait also tend to have a broad range of interests.

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Openness

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tend to be more adventurous and creative.

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Openness

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People low in this trait are often much more traditional and may struggle with abstract thinking.

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Conscientiousness

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Standard feature of this dimension include high levels of thoughtfulness, with good impulse control and goal directed behaviors.

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Conscientiousness

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tend to be organized and mindful of details.

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Extraversion

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Characterized by excitability, sociability, talkativeness, assertiveness, and high amounts of emotional expressiveness.

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Extraversion

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are outgoing and tend to gain energy in social situations.

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Extraversion

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People who are low in extroversion(or introverted) tend to be more reserved and have to expend energy in social settings.

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Agreeableness

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This personality dimension includes attributes such as trust, altruism, kindness, affection and other prosocial behaviors.

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Agreeableness

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tend to be more cooperative

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Agreeableness

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those low in this trait tend to be more competitive and even manipulative.

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Neuroticism

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A trait characterized by sadness, moodiness, and emotional instability.

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Neuroticism

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tend to experience mood swings, anxiety, moodiness, irratibility, and sadness.

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Neuroticism

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Those low in this trait tend to be more stable and emotionally resilient

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the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

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Way to measure personality

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E or I (Extraversion or Introversion)

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how an individual prefers to channel his or her energy when dealing with people, whether it is inward (Introversion) or outward (extraversion)

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S or N (Sensing or Intuition)

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How one prefers to process information, whether through the use of senses sucj as being able to describe what one sees, or intuitively like dealing with ideas.

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T or F (Thinking or Feeling)

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how an individual prefers to make decisions, either thinking or using logic and analysis, or feeling which uses the cognitive senses based on values or beliefs.

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J or P (Judgment or Perception)

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how an individual prefers to manage ones life, whether through judging which means a planned and organized life, versus perception, which has more flexible approach to living.