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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Beck Depression Inventory used for?
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- to follow the severity of previously diagnosed depression
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Examples of projective tests:
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- TAT (Thematic Aperception Test)
- Rorschach Test - Draw-a-Person Test |
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Thematic Aperception Test
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- test-taker creates stories based on pictures of people in various situations
- evaluates motivations behind behaviors - projective personality test |
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Rorschach Test
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- interpretation of ink blots
- used to identify thought disorder and defense mechanisms - projective personality test |
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Draw-A-Person Test
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- requires examinee to draw a person
- initially devised to test intelligence in children - NOW it is used primarily as a screening test for brain damage - projective test |
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Problem with projective testing includes:
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- often suffer low reliability and validity
- require a person skilled at this type of evaluation and often do not have rigorous empirical and data comparison |
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Halstead-Reitan Test
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- limited because many depressed patients fail to show deficits on such classic neuropsychological batteries
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Brown-Peterson Task
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- specifically designed to evaluate short-term memory (which can be affected during ECT)
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State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)
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- evaluates anxiety disorders
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Beck Depression Inventory
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- evaluates depression disorder
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Folstein MMSE
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- screening assessment for dementia
- 30-point scale - <25 = mild cognitive impairment - <20 = cognitive dysfunction |
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Glasgow Coma Scale
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- evaluates level of consciousness
- eye opening, verbal response, best motor response |
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Geriatric Rating Scale
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- rating scale for nonprofessional staff to evaluate patients' abilities to perform their activities of daily living and interact with others
- most helpful in evaluation of the moderately-severely demented individual |
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Blessed Rating Scale
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- a tool that typically asks a patient's friends or relatives to assess the ability of the patient to function in his/her current environment
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MSE
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Formal psych exam that includes:
- appearance - mood and affect - presence of psychosis - evaluation of insight/judgement |
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Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
(WSCT) |
- examinees are asked to sort cards depicting various pictures and symbols according to a variety of different criteria that change over time without the subject knowing
- assess a person's ability to switch sets, reason abstractly, and solve problems - tests EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONs (= frontal lobes) - schizophrenics perform poorly on WSCT |
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Luria-Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery
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- used to assess specific cortical areas and aids in assessment of hemispheric dominance
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Bender Gestalt Test
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- involves copying figures
- helps determine if organic brain disease is present |
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content validity
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- test's ability to cover the conceptual domain that the test intends to measure
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conceptual validity
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- usually established by a large group of experts through a wide review of literature
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discriminative validity
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- ability to differntiate between issues that are theoretically unrelated
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test-retest reliability
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- measures a test's reproducibility over a short period of time in a person whose state is assumed not to have fluctuated
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internal reliability
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- evaluates whether questions within the test are measuring the same thing
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Classification of projective tests:
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1. self-expression
- Draw-a-Person Test 2. constructions - TAT 3. completions - Sentence Completion Test 4. associations - Rorschach - Word Association Test 5. choice of ordering |
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Temporal Orientation Test
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- asks patient to identify the appropriate day, month, day of week, and current time
- separates patients with brain damage and without brain damage - sensitive to cognitive abnormalities in dementing illnesses |
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Spatial Orientation Test
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- evaluate ability to immediately recall the orientation of figures
- used to evaluate immediate memory |
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Stroop Test
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- general concept is that it takes longer to correctly identify a color than to read words and longer yet to correctly identify a word (eg. name of a color) when that word is in a different color from that word
- tests concentration |
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Fargo Map Test
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- assess recent and remote spatial memory and visuospatial oreitnation by using maps of the USA and to identify certain areas
- age and education level influences score on this test |
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objective testing
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- involves questions with lists of possible responses
- eg. USMLE |
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projective testing
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- there are a variety of responses without a single correct answer
- usually require specific training in giving the test and interpreting the results |
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MMPI and now MMPI-2
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- tests used >50 years to assess personality structure
- >500 statements condensed into 10 clinical scales |
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Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS-R)
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- composed of 11 different subtests (6 verbal, 5 performance)
- allow calcuation of full-scale IQ, performance IQ, verbal IQ - high reliability |
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Weschler Memory Test (WMT)
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- evaluates a variety of aspects of memory function in adults
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Calculation of IQ:
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- mental age / chronological age x 100
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Rey-Osterrieth Test
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- complex figure that the person is asked to copy while looking at the figure
- then figure is taken away and patient asked to draw the figure from immediate memory - again asked to draw the figure at 5 mins and 30 mins - assess visual nonverbal memory |
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right parietal lesions usually show abnL-ties in copying the figure correctly by:
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- neglecting the items in the left visual field
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right temporal lobectomy pts abnL-ties
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- have no difficulty in copying the figure
- show marked abnL-ties in drawing the figure from memory |
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Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination
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- skilled interviewer evaluates aphasic disorders and to help define further interventions to improve speech
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Stroop Test
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- aids in evaluation of concentration
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Folstein MMSE
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- rapid assessment of dementia and delirium
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Bender Gestalt Test
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- constructional test for evaluation for brain damage
- some ability to differentiate the location of the lesion |
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Sentence Completion Test
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- projective test
- used to describe personality structure |
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concentration tests
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- ability to sustain focus on a cognitive task
- eg. serial sevens, spelling world backward |
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cognitive function tests must take into account:
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- cultural background
- educational background - social background |
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deja entendu
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- feeling that one is hearing something one has heard before
- usually associated with anxiety states or fatigue |
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deja vu
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- feeling that one has seen something before
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jamais vu
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- refers to something that should be familiar but seems quite unfamiliar
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folie a deux
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- shared delusion
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rebound
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- return of Sxs that are brief and transient
- frequently associated with the abrupt discontinuation of benzos |
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type of system used to evaluate the Rorschach Test
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- Exner Comprehensive System
- limited in its validity - requires highly trained examiners |
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Eyesnck Personality Questionnaire
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- constructs questions designed to assess aspects of personality predicted to exist by theoretical constructs
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California Personality Inventory
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- similar to the MMPI but is used in counseling situations rather than with pathologic populations
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Random Letter Test
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- relies on concentration, cooperation, and ability to hear to test ability to maintain and focus attention
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Wada Test
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- used to evaluate hemispheric language dominance prior to surgical amelioration of seizure focus
- right-handed individuals show left hemispheric dominance for language - left-handed individuals may be either right or left dominant - test consists of injecting sodium amytal into the carotid artery and observing the transient effects on speech - injection into the left carotid artery anesthetizes left side of brain and those with left hemispheric language dominance show interrupted speech |
