Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
114 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Epaxial Musculature-shark |
dorsal musculature of the midbody region above horizontal septum |
|
|
hypaxial musculature-shark |
ventral musculature of the midbody region below horizontal septum |
|
|
horizontal septum-shark |
line dividing the muscles of the middle of the body |
|
|
myomeres-shark |
z-shaped segments of trunk musculature |
|
|
myosepta-shark |
connective tissue dividing myomeres into sections |
|
|
linea alba-shark |
connective tissue separating left and right myomeres midventrally |
|
|
pectoral abductor-shark |
dorsal musculature of pectoral fin |
|
|
pectoral adductor-shark |
ventral musculature of pectoral fin |
|
|
spiracularis-shark |
anterior to spiracular valve |
|
|
levator palatoquadrati-shark |
first muscle behind head anterior to spiracularis |
|
|
levator hymandibulae-shark |
posterior to the spiracle-raises the hyomandibular during contraction |
|
|
adductor mandibulae-shark |
muscle directly behind the mouth-closes the mouth |
|
|
dorsal hyoid constrictor-shark |
lies between the adductor mandibulae and the first pharyngeal slit dorsally |
|
|
ventral hyoid constrictor-shark |
lies between the adductor mandibulae and the first pharyngeal slit ventrally |
|
|
dorsal superficial branchial constrictors-shark |
extend medially along the branchial slits dorsally |
|
|
ventral superficial branchial constrictors-shark |
extend medially along the branchial slits ventrally |
|
|
Cucullaris-shark |
triangular muscle lying dorsal to hyoid constrictors |
|
|
Epibranchials-shark |
dorsal to cucullaris, anterior portion of epaxial musculature |
|
|
Intermandibularis-shark |
left and right muscles that radiate fanlike from the Meckel's cartilage |
|
|
Interhyoides-shark |
layer of muscle just above the intermandibularis |
|
|
Corocomandibular-shark |
long midventral cylindrical muscle extending between lower jaw and to the coracoid bar |
|
|
coracohyoids-shark |
lie on either above and to either side of the corocomandibular, extend to the basihyal |
|
|
coracoarcuals-shark |
lie anterior to the hypaxial musculature and medial to the ventral superficial branchial constrictors, connecting to the corocohyoid |
|
|
horizontal septum-mudpuppy |
line dividing epaxial and hypaxial musculature |
|
|
epaxial musculature-mudpuppy |
trunk musculature lying dorsally to the horizontal septum |
|
|
hypaxial musculature-mudpuppy |
trunk musculature lying ventrally to the horizontal septum |
|
|
myomeres-mudpuppy |
simple compartmentalized musculature of the trunk |
|
|
myosepta-mudpuppy |
line dividing myomeres into individual sections |
|
|
Dorsalis trunci-mudpuppy |
superficial epaxial longitudinal muscle extending anteroposteriorly from the trunk into the tail |
|
|
external oblique-mudpuppy |
superficial hypaxial musculature extending posteroventrally |
|
|
internal oblique-mudpuppy |
lying deeper than external oblique, hypaxial musculature extending posteroventrally |
|
|
transversus abdominis-mudpuppy |
deepest layer of hypaxial musculature |
|
|
rectus abdominis-mudpuppy |
ventral subdivision of the hypaxial musculature, extending anteroposteriorly just lateral to linea alba |
|
|
adductor mandibulae externus-mudpuppy |
bulky lateral muscle of the head posterior to the eye |
|
|
adductor mandibulae anterior-mudpuppy |
bulky dorsal muscle of the head immediately next to spinal column |
|
|
branchiohyoideus-mudpuppy |
cheekbone muscle posterior to edge of mouth and ventral to adductor mandibulae externus |
|
|
latissimus dorsi-mudpuppy |
muscle dorsal to arm and posterior to scapula which abducts the arm backwards |
|
|
dorsalis scapulae-mudpuppy |
muscle that lies superfically over scapula, posterior to cucullaris and anterior to latissimus dorsi |
|
|
cucullaris-mudpuppy |
anterior to dorsalis scapulae, pulling scapula anterodorsally |
|
|
pectoriscapularis-mudpuppy |
pull the scapula anteriorly, lie anterior to cucullaris and dorsally to rectus cervicis immediately behind gills |
|
|
procoracohumeralis-mudpuppy |
muscle ventral to rectus cervicis where the human shoulder would be |
|
|
dilatator laryngis-mudpuppy |
delicate muscle lying dorsal to external gills, anterior and dorsal of cucullaris above pectoriscapularis |
|
|
levatores arcuum-mudpuppy |
anterior to dilatator laryngis, dorsal to the gills |
|
|
sphincter colli-mudpuppy |
muscles ventral to branchiohyoideus extending to the linea alba on the bottom of the jaw |
|
|
intermandibularis-mudpuppy |
superficial ventral muscle of the head most anteriorly |
|
|
interhyoideus-mudpuppy |
superficial ventral muscle of the head posterior to the intermandibularis |
|
|
geniohyoideus-mudpuppy |
muscle above the superficial muscle of the lower jaw, between mandibular symphisis and the basibranchial, long and thin |
|
|
rectus cervicis-mudpuppy |
muscle directly posterior to the sphincter colli, which passes underneath it, moves laterally up to the pectoriscapularis |
|
|
supracoracoideus-mudpuppy |
muscle directly between the procoracohumeralis and pectoralis ventrally |
|
|
pectoralis-mudpuppy |
muscle directly medial and ventral to arm connection |
|
|
triceps-mudpuppy |
back of arm muscle extending forearm |
|
|
coracobrachialis-mudpuppy |
ventraomedial extending between coracoid plate and distal end of humerus, closest to medial part of arm |
|
|
humeroantebrachialis-mudpuppy |
anterior to coracobrachialis extending between radius and humerus flexing the forearm |
|
|
middorsal septum-mudpuppy |
line extending along spine |
|
|
linea alba-mudpuppy |
line extending along stomach |
|
|
lumbodorsal fascia-cat |
white covering the back above the legs |
|
|
Latissimus dorsi-cat |
muscle originating from the lumbodorsal fascia that extends up to scapula |
|
|
external oblique-cat |
superficial muscle dorsal to the latissimus dorsi extending to the linea alba |
|
|
spinotrapezius-cat (O) |
triangular superficial muscle immediately anterior to the latissimus dorsi O: middorsal line from neural processes of most thoracic vertebrae |
|
|
acromiotrapezius-cat |
muscle anterior to the spinotrapezius that is wider lying superficial to the scapula |
|
|
levator scapulae ventralis-cat |
dorsal to the acromiodeltoid extending anterodorsally and passing deep to the posterior margin of the clavotrapezius |
|
|
clavotrapezius-cat |
most anterior trapezius muscle covers most of the neck laterally, pulls scapula anterodorsally |
|
|
clavobrachialis-cat (O,I,A) |
continuation of the clavotrapezius that inserts on the ulna O: clavicle and raphe shared with clavotrapezius I: medial surface of ulna A: flexes antebrachium |
|
|
sternomastoid-cat (O,I,A) |
anterior to clavotrapezius O: anterior surface of manubrium of sternum I: lateral portion of nuchal crest of skull and mastoid processes of temporal A: acting singly-flexes neck laterally acting together-moves snout down |
|
|
spinodeltoid-cat (O,I,A) |
extends anteroventrally from the scapular spine, superficial to the traceps brachii O: middle third of spine of scapula I: deltoid ridge of humerus A: flexes and laterally rotates humerus |
|
|
acromiodeltoid-cat (O,I,A) |
covers anterior portion of spinodeltoid, posterior to clavobrachialis O: posterior margin of acromion of scapula I: lateral surface of spinodeltoid muscle A: flexes and rotates humerus laterally |
|
|
Levator scapulae ventralis-cat (A) |
lies anterior to acromiotrapezius, extends below the clavotrapezius, dorsal to acromiodeltoid A: draws scapula anteriorly |
|
|
triceps brachii-cat (A)
|
lies lateral to front leg, passing below spinodeltoid, divided into long head dorsally, lateral head to the outside, and medial head lies below the two A: extend the antebrachium |
|
|
pectoantebrachialis-cat (O,I,A) |
connects the two front elbows, superficial to the pectoralis major O: manubrium of sternum I: fascia covering proximal surface of antebrachium A: adducts humerus |
|
|
epitrochlearis-cat |
thin muscle covering the surface of the brachium posterior to the pectoantebrachialis |
|
|
pectoralis major-cat (O,I,A) |
dorsal to the pectoantebrachialis, almost entirely covered by it O: anterior sternebrae I: pectoral ridge of humerus A: adducts humerus |
|
|
pectoralis minor-cat (O,I,A) |
muscle lying dorsal and posterior to the pectoralis major O: body of sternum I: pectoral ridge of humerus A: adducts humerus |
|
|
xiphihumeralis-cat (O) |
long thin muscle lying dorsal and posterior to the pectoralis minor O: xiphoid process of sternum |
|
|
supraspinatus-cat (O,I,A) |
fills the supraspinous fossa of the scapula, beneath the latissimus dorsi and spinotrapezius O: supraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tuberosity of humerus A: extends humerus |
|
|
infraspinatus-cat (O,I,A) |
occupies the the infraspinous fossa of the scapula O: infraspinous fossa of scapula I: greater tuberosity of humerus A: rotates humerus laterally |
|
|
teres major-cat |
arises from the scapula, posteroventral to the infraspinatus |
|
|
rhomboideus-cat (O,I,A) |
extend anteromedially between the dorsal border of the scapula and the middorsal line O: posterior cervical and anterior thoracic vertebrae I: posterior part of dorsal border of scapula A: rotates and draws scapula anteriorly |
|
|
rhomboideus capitis-cat |
extends separately as a narrow band toward the back of the skull, rotates and pulls the scapula anteriorly |
|
|
splenius-cat |
large flat muscle covering the neck dorsolaterally, covered by the rhomboideus capitis |
|
|
serratus ventralis-cat |
ventral to rhomboideus extending between scapula and thorax, anterior to supraspinatus |
|
|
subscapularis-cat (O,I,A) |
large muscle covering the medial surface of the scapula, converges towards apex of scapula O: subscapular fossa of scapula I: lesser tuberosity of humerus A: adducts humerus |
|
|
biceps brachii-cat (A) |
anterior to triceps brachii, seen below the pectoralis group and clavobrachialis A: flexes antebrachium |
|
|
biceps femoris-cat (A) |
most conspicuous superficial muscle of the thigh covering most of the posterior portion A: flexes crus, abducts thigh |
|
|
semitendinosus-cat |
beneath the biceps femoris extending posteriorly |
|
|
semimembranosus-cat |
beneath the semitendinosus extending posterior to it |
|
|
sartorius-cat |
anterior edge of the thigh with extensive medial portion |
|
|
gluteus medius-cat |
posterior to the dorsal portion of the sartorius |
|
|
gluteus superficialis-cat |
posterior to the gluteus medius |
|
|
gluteofemoralis-cat |
posterior to the gluteus superficialis continuing distally deep to the biceps femoris |
|
|
tensor fascia latae-cat |
flexor of the thigh, directly between sartorius and gluteal musculature |
|
|
fascia lata-cat |
tough membrane connected to the tensor fascia latae and knee joint anterior to biceps femoris |
|
|
gracilis-cat |
large muscle on the posteromedial side which flexes the crus and adducts the thigh |
|
|
iliopsoas-cat |
small muscle just anterior to the end of the femoral artery/vein flexes rotates the thigh |
|
|
pectineus-cat |
posterior to the femoral vessels passing over the iliopsoas |
|
|
Adductor longus-cat (A) |
adductor of the thigh between pectineus and adductor femoris A: adducts and flexes thigh |
|
|
Adductor femoris-cat (A) |
large adductor of the thigh posterior to adductor longus deep to sartorius A: adducts and extends thigh |
|
|
Quadriceps femoris-cat |
group of main musculature that extends the crus beneath the biceps femoris and extending to the medial side of the thigh |
|
|
vastus lateralis-cat |
large muscle beneath the biceps femoris and the tensor fascia lata, lateral and beneath sartorius |
|
|
vastus medialis-cat |
muscle on medial side of leg beneath sartorius near rectus femoris |
|
|
vastus intermedius-cat |
behind and distal (away from center of body) to vastus lateralis |
|
|
rectus femoris-cat (O,I,A) |
anterodorsal to vastus lateralis O: ventral margin of ilium anterior to acetabulum I: lateral surface of patells A: extends crus |
|
|
gastrocnemius-cat (A) |
the most conspicuous muscle on the crus, extends deep of biceps femoris A: extends pes, flexes crus |
|
|
internal oblique-cat |
middle layer of abdominal wall |
|
|
transverse abdominis-cat |
the deep layer of the abdominal wall |
|
|
rectus abdominis-cat |
abdomnial wall muscle forms ventral muscular band extending antero-posteriorly between the sternum and pelvis |
|
|
scalenus-cat |
lies laterally on the thorax, anterodorsal to rectus abdominis |
|
|
transversus costarum-cat |
small thin sheet that extends anterodorsally from the sternum toward the ventral band of the scalenus where it inserts on the first rib |
|
|
sternohyoid-cat (O,I,A) |
longitudinal muscle ventral to the posterior part of the external jugular, superficial bottom of neck O: 1st costal cartilage and manubrium of sternum I: basihyoid A: draws hyoid posteriorly |
|
|
external intercostals-cat |
superficial thoracic muscle run between ribs in longitudinal lines |
|
|
internal intercostals-cat |
middle layer of longitudinal thoracic muscle running between ribs |
|
|
serratus dorsalis cranialis-cat |
thin muscle lying along the back beneath the latissimus dorsi and rhomboideus, anterior to serratus dorsalis caudalis |
|
|
serratus dorsalis caudalis-cat |
thin muscle lying along the back beneath the latissimus dorsi and rhomboideus, posterior to serratus dorsalis cranialis |
|
|
masseter-cat (A) |
larger muscles covering the posterolateral surface of the jaw A: elevates mandible |
|
|
temporalis-cat (A) |
jaw closing muscle lying on the lateral surface of the cranium and arising from the temporal fossa O: fascia covering muscle, temporal fossa of skull A: elevates mandible |
