Lab 37- Survey Of The Animal Kingdom: Phyla Platyhelminthes & Nematoda

Front 1

What organisms make up Phylum Platyhelminthes?

What organism makes up Phylum Nematoda?

Back 1

Flatworms

Roundworms

Front 2

Both phylum Phlatyhelminthes & Nematoda occur in?

Back 2

Marine, Freshwater, Terrestrial & parasitic environments.

Front 3

Define Acoelomate

Back 3

Mesoderm is a solid mass of tissue with no internal cavity surrounded by mesoderm. (no spacious cavity for internal organs)

Front 4

Define Triploblastic

Are flatworms & roundworms triploblastic?

Back 4

Organism contains all 3 germ layers ( endoderm, ectoderm & mesoderm).

Yes, flatworms & roundworms are triploblastic.

Front 5

What type of symmetry do roundworms & flatworms have?

Back 5

Bilateral symmetry.

Front 6

Key characteristics of Phylum Platyhelminthes

Back 6

solid, unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical worms; no body cavity, digestive cavity, if present, has only one opening, ladderlike arrangement of nerve cords.

Front 7

What classes make up Phylum Platyhelminthes?

Back 7

Class Turbellaria, Class Trematoda & Class Cestoda

Front 8

Class Turbellaria

Back 8

Scavenge & prey on small animals & are hermaphroditic
( has both male & female sex organs) .

Front 9

Dugesia (planaria)

Back 9

found under class turbellaria. has lateral lobes & sensory organs (eyespots), feeds by sucking food through mouth & tubular pharynx, acoelomate & digestion is usually extracellular.

Front 10

Class Trematoda

Back 10

Commonly called flukes, are parasitic & infect vertebrates. Includes endoparasites (parasites inside the host) & ectoparasites (parasite on the surface of the host).
Lack an epidermis & covered by an acellular but metabolically active epicuticle.

Front 11

Opisthorchis

Back 11

Found in Class Trematoda. A hermaphroditic chinese liver fluke, often parasitizes humans in Japan & China. Adult fluke attaches to the bile duct & releases eggs that move through digestive sys. of host & exist with feces. Larvae of flukes develop in snails & fish. Humans are infected when they eat raw or poorly cooked fish.

Front 12

Fasciola

Back 12

Found under Class Trematoda. A sheep liver fluke, infects sheep, other vertebrates & rarely humans. Fasciola sucks food ( blood, mucus, cells) through a muscular pharynx located behind the mouth.

Front 13

Schistosoma

Back 13

Found under class trematoda. A diocious blood fluke, inhabits intestinal veins & organs of vertebrates. Causes disease schistosomiasis ( enlarged spleen, liver & bladder). Snails are intermediate hosts.

Front 14

Intermediate host

Back 14

An organism harboring immature stage of a parasite.

Front 15

Definitive host

Back 15

Contains sexually mature, egg-laying stages of a life cycle.

Front 16

Class Cestoda

Back 16

Commonly called tapeworms, endoparasites, lack a mouth, digestive tract, & similar cuticle to trematodes, cuticle absorbs nutrients from host.

Front 17

Scolex

Back 17

Anterior end of a tapeworm. Adheres to the hosts intestinal wall with hooks or suckers. Behind the scolex is the neck followed by a series of proglottids.

Front 18

Gravid

Back 18

Egg-carrying proglottids.

Front 19

Key Characteristics of Phylum Nematoda

Back 19

Pseudocoelomate, unsegmented, bilaterally symmetrical worms; tubular digestive tract passing from mouth to anus;tiny; without cilia; live in great numbers in soil & aquatic sediments; some are important in animal parasites.

Front 20

Elephantiasis

Back 20

Grotesque swelling of an arm or leg resulting from nematodes (commonly Filaria) clogging the lympathic system that drains the host's appendage, fluid accumulates & appendages swell.

Front 21

Pseudocoelom

Back 21

Body cavity consisting of a fluid-filled space between the body wall & digestive tract.

Front 22

Complete Digestive Tract

Back 22

Digestive tract with a mouth and anus.

Front 23

Ascaris

Back 23

A large nematode that infects the intestinal tract of humans & other vertebrates.

Front 24

Trichinella

Back 24

Trichinella spiralis causes the disease trichinosis. Adults live in the intestine of their host & release larvae, the larvae migrate to striated muscles & form calcified cysts. Larvae remain encysted in muscle tissue until eaten by another host.