Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
147 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Provide the name & class of each of the bones that compromise the shoulder girdle (3) |
1. Clavicle 2. Scapula 3. Sternum All flat bones |
|
|
AFR describes what class of lever |
3rd class lever (Force in the middle) |
|
|
This anatomical directional term refers to being behind & away from the midline |
Posterolateral |
|
|
Which of the following is not a method used in naming muscles a. point of attachment b. muscle grouping c. number of division d. person who discovered it |
person who discovered it |
|
|
Which of the following is not an arrangement type of parallel muscles a. sphincter b. strap c. striated d. fusiform |
Striated |
|
|
Are internal receptors located in skin, joints, muscles, & tendons, which provide feedback relative to tension, length, & contraction state of muscle, position of body & limbs, & movements of joints a. axons b. efferent nerves c. proprioceptors |
Proprioceptors |
|
|
Provide one example of a radiate muscle |
Pectoralis major of trapezius |
|
|
Which type of muscle contraction is utilized in causing an object's deceleration (lowering phase of movement) a. concentric b. eccentric |
Eccentric |
|
|
How many true synovial joints are found in the shoulder girdle |
2 (AC&SC) |
|
|
Which of the following muscles performs both elevation & depression a. Trapezius b. serratus anterior |
Trapezius |
|
|
The pennate type of muscle fiber arrangement may be classified by all of the following except a. Uni-pennate b. Bi-pennate c. Tri-pennate d. Multi-pennate |
Tri-pennate |
|
|
Write the name of the joint which represents the only connection between the shoulder girdle & the axial skeleton |
Sternoclavicular Joint |
|
|
Which of the following machines is most commonly found in the human body a. pulleys b. wheel-axles c. levers |
Levers |
|
|
True or False When antagonist muscles contract concentrically they produce the opposite joint motion of the agonist muscles |
True |
|
|
a. Syndesmosis b. Synarthroidal c. Synchondrosis _____ joints are a class of immovable joints |
Synarthroidal |
|
|
______ occurs when the amount of force we place on a surface when walking is equally exerted by the surface against our foot |
Ground Reaction Force |
|
|
True or False All of the muscles which act on the shoulder girdle originate on the axial skeleton |
True |
|
|
Provide the name of the immoveable joint found in the sockets of the teeth |
Gomphosis, synarthroidal |
|
|
The ____, is the highest level of control, provides for the creation of voluntary movement as aggregate muscle action but not as specific muscle activity |
Cerebral Cortex |
|
|
Provide the definition of a motor unit |
A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers that it innervates |
|
|
The most laterally located bony landmark of the scapula is the |
Glenoid Fossa |
|
|
______ ability of a muscle to be passively stretched beyond it normal resting length |
Extensibility |
|
|
______ muscle fibers produce a greater ROM while ____ muscle fibers produce a greater range of force |
Parallel, Pennate |
|
|
Which of the following muscles is located most anteriorly on the human body? a. rhomboids b. serratus anterior c. trapezius |
Serratus Anterior |
|
|
Which of the following is not a classification of neuron type a. sensory b. motor c. peripheral d. interneuron |
Peripheral |
|
|
A body in motion tends to remain in motion at the same speed in a straight line unless acted acted upon by an outside force, a body at rest tends to remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force |
Inertia |
|
|
Provide one example of a fusiform muscle |
Brachialis or biceps brachii |
|
|
True or False Overall the human leverage system is built for speed and range of movement at the expense of force generation |
True |
|
|
The study of muscles as they are involved in science of movement |
Anatomical Kinesiology |
|
|
Provide the name of the 2 nerve plexus that innervate the shoulder girdle |
Cervical & Brachial |
|
|
Which of the following is not a true statement regarding isokinetic exercise a. the speed or velocity of movement is constant b. muscular contraction occurs only through part of the movement c. it is another type of classification of muscle contraction |
C b/c it isn't a type of muscle contraction |
|
|
Provide 3 classes of joints & their corresponding movements |
1. Diarthroidal- Freely moveable 2. Amphiarthroidal- slightly moveable 3. Synarthroidal- immoveable |
|
|
Forward movement of the shoulder girdle in the horizontal plane away from the spine is |
Protraction |
|
|
The sagittal plane divides the body into |
Left & Right Halves |
|
|
Which joint of the shoulder girdle is most frequently injured |
Acromioclavicular |
|
|
This type of joint is only found in the thumb at the carpometacarpal joint |
Sellar (saddle) |
|
|
In the space below, provide the names of three types of amphiarthroidal joints & examples of each |
1. Syndesmosis- distal & proximal Tib/Fib 2. Symphysis- pubic symphysis 3. Synchondroses- costochondral joint |
|
|
What term is used to describe the motion of decreasing the angle in a joint by bringing bones together, usually in the sagittal plane a. Flexion b. Extension |
Flexion |
|
|
Name & Provide an example of the 6 diarthroidal joints & Examples of each |
1. Gingylmus/Hinge- Elbow, knee, talocrural 2. Trochoid/Pivot- Radioulnar joint 3. Condyloid/ball & socket- 2nd-5th metocarpal phalangeal joint 4. Enarthroidal- Hip & Shoulder 5. Sellar/Saddle- 1st Carpometacarpal joint in thumb 6. Arthroidal- intercarpal |
|
|
______ is an example of a 2nd class lever in the body |
Gastroc & soleus contraction during plantar flexion |
|
|
For every reaction there is an equal & opposite reaction Which newtons law is this? |
Reaction |
|
|
What is the primary function of the subclavius |
Action- Depression Prevent elevation of the clavicle |
|
|
Turning the sole of the foot outward |
Eversion |
|
|
____ bring impulses from receptors in the skin, joints, muscles, & other peripheral aspects of the body to the CNS |
Afferent |
|
|
____ relates to or situated to the right or right side of something |
Dexter |
|
|
Distance between the axis and the point of force application |
Force Arm |
|
|
True or False Building adequate strength in the Rhomboids & Traps is effective in improving a persons posture |
True |
|
|
The transverse plane divides the body into |
Cephalic & caudal halves |
|
|
Describes the anatomical location of the head with respect to the left arm a. superomedial b. anteromedial |
Superomedial |
|
|
Scapulothoracic is not a true joint b/c |
It doesn't have regular synovial features |
|
|
Actions of Pectoralis Minor |
Downward rotation Depression Abduction |
|
|
Actions of Serratus Anterior |
Abduction Upward Rotation |
|
|
Actions of Rhomboids |
Adduction Downward Rotation Elevation |
|
|
Action of Levator Scapulae |
Elevation |
|
|
True or False The radial collateral ligament of the humeroulnar joint is more frequently injured than the ulnar collateral ligament |
False |
|
|
The anatomical name for the wrist is ______, because the distal end of the _____ primarily articulates with the carpals. |
Rardiocarpal, Radius |
|
|
Which of the following is not a structure associated with the glenohumeral joint a. costals b. humerus c. clavicle d. scapula |
Costals |
|
|
The thumb (pollux) has a sesamoid bone embedded in its tendon. What does this presence of this bone mean? |
Increases the mechanical advantage & a stronger grip strength |
|
|
True or False Movement at the humeroulnar joint by the forearm away from the shoulder is defined as the term "extension" |
True |
|
|
True or False Both the ulna & radius articulate with the humerus |
False |
|
|
Provide the names of the 3 bones which make up the humeroulnar & radioulnar joints |
1. Humerus 2. Radius 3. Ulna |
|
|
What is the sole action of the brachialis? |
Flexion of the elbow |
|
|
What is the primary function of the rotator cuff muscles |
Stabilization of the glenoid head in approximation with the gleaned fossa |
|
|
Which of the following muscles perform flexion of the thumb |
Flexor pollicis longus |
|
|
Muscles that ____ the carpals & phalanges often originate on the lateral epicondyle of the humerus |
Extend |
|
|
Once the elbow is flexed ___ degrees beyond full extension, the joint becomes more lax both medially & laterally |
20 |
|
|
The movement common to the posterior deltoid, teres minor, & infraspinatus is |
External Rotation |
|
|
Provide the names of the 4 muscles located in the anterior compartment of the upper arm |
1. Brachialis 2. Brachiordialis 3. Biceps brachii |
|
|
True or False Normally the wrist has more adduction range of motion than abduction range of motion |
True |
|
|
Which type of connective tissue retains tendons close to the bones, particularly at the wrist & ankles |
Retinaculum |
|
|
Which of the following structures pulls the joint capsule aside when the elbow extends terminally |
Anconeus |
|
|
95% of shoulder joint dislocations occur _____, most often due to an impact of outstretched arm |
Anterior inferiorly |
|
|
Provide the names of the 4 movements attributed to the humeroulnar & radioulnar joints |
1. Flexion & Extension (h) 2. Pronation & Supination (radio) |
|
|
Radioulnar supinators include all of the following except a. biceps brachii b. supinator muscle c. brachialis d. brachiordialis |
Brachialis |
|
|
Damage to the UCL occurs most commonly in which sport |
Baseball |
|
|
This carpal is most often fractured due to severe wrist hyperextension related to falling on outstretched hand |
Scaphoid |
|
|
Which joint is classified as condyloid and is capable of performing circumduction |
Radiocarpal |
|
|
4 movements that allow us to perform circumduction |
1. Flexion 2. Extension 3. Abduction 4. Adduction |
|
|
Which of the following symptoms is not a cause of carpal tunnel syndrome a. Repetitive hand & wrist movements b. Type 2 diabetes c. Excessive caffeine intake d. Pregnancy |
Excessive Caffeine intake |
|
|
Approx 14% of humans do not have this muscle |
Palmaris Longus |
|
|
Which carpal forms the floor of the anatomical snuff box |
Scaphoid |
|
|
This motion of the thumb is most responsible for humanity's ability to build |
Opposition |
|
|
True or False The carrying angle in the elbow is greater in males than in females |
False b/c greater in female |
|
|
True or False The lateral suprcondylar ridge is an anatomical landmark located on the ulna |
False |
|
|
This class of Diarthrodial joint permits opposition & reposition of the Pollux |
Saddle- sellar joint |
|
|
Which of the following is not considered an overuse injury a. Lateral Epicondylitis b. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome c. Medial Epicondylitis d. Glenohumeral dislocation |
Glenohumeral Dislocation |
|
|
Provide 4 characteristics which contribute to the instability of glenohumeral joint |
1. Loose/lax ligaments- stability enhanced by labrum 2. Glenoid head is 3 times larger than fossa 3. Unstable b/c great r.o.m in joint 4. supported by 4 small untrained rot cuff muscles |
|
|
How many total bones are found in the glenohumeral joint, Humeroulnar joint, radioulnar joint, the carpals, & the hand |
32 |
|
|
True or False The head of the humerus is significantly smaller than the glenoid fosse |
False Larger |
|
|
The _____ ligament provides an anterior sling to provide stability to the humeroulnar joint |
Annular |
|
|
The ____ plexus innervates the glenohumeral, humeroulnar, radioulnar, and radoiocarpal |
Brachial |
|
|
Extension of index finger |
Extensor indicis |
|
|
______ is the largest portion of the pelvic bone |
Ilium |
|
|
True or False Movements involving the "Closed Kinetic Chain" are considered to be very functional |
True |
|
|
Which of the following is not a movement associated with the acetabular femoral joint? A. Horizontal Hip abduction B. Downward Hip Rotation C. External Hip Rotation D. Diagonal Hip Abduction |
Downward hip rotation |
|
|
Which of the following structures is the largest muscle in the body? A. Sartorius B. Gluteus Max |
Gluteus Maximus |
|
|
Which of the following statements is correct regarding the lifting phase of a barbell chest press A. The wrist & hand perform abduction B. The elbow performs extension |
The elbow performs extension |
|
|
All of the following are open kinetic chain exercises except for A. Cable Lat Pulldown B. Barbell Bench Press C. Pull Up |
Pull Up |
|
|
The _____ innervates the hip & pelvic girdle |
Lumbosacral Plexus |
|
|
Write the name of the 6 external Rotators acting on the acetabular femoral joints |
1. Piriformis 2. Obturator Internus 3. Obturator Externus 4. Gemellus Superior 5. Gemellus Inferior 6. Quadratus Femoris |
|
|
Is the Valsalva Maneuver considered to be a proper technique when performing submaximal lifts? |
NO |
|
|
In the analysis of movement this phase allows the athlete to assume a comfortable & appropriately balanced body position from which to initiate a sport skill |
Stance |
|
|
____ Is the longest muscle in the body |
Sartorius |
|
|
The iliopsoas is located ____ & performs ____ of the hip joint |
Anteriorly, flexion |
|
|
True or False The knee joint is the largest joint in the body |
True |
|
|
List the three joints associated with the knee & class |
1. Patellofemoral- Arthroidal 2. Tibifibular- Syndesmosis 3. Tibiofemoral- Ginglymus |
|
|
The most common serious knee ligament injury involves |
Anterior Crucial Ligament |
|
|
Pes Anserinus |
Sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus |
|
|
Which of the following structures don't articulate with the femur A. Pelvis B. Patella C. Fibula D. Tibia |
Fibula |
|
|
Training principle highlighted by untrained individuals seeing significant increases in physical capacity, while trained individuals typically see marginal improvements |
Diminishing Returns |
|
|
Collateral ligament supporting the knee is physically larger & prevents the knee from opening up medially |
MCL Medial Collateral Ligament |
|
|
In analyzing movements this phase also known as the acceleration phase or action phase contains the action part of movement |
Movement Phase |
|
|
True or False Tears in anterior crucial ligament can occur due to both compression & shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running |
True |
|
|
An example of closed kinetic chain |
Push up |
|
|
Largest muscle in the quadriceps group |
Vastus Lateralis |
|
|
True or False The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result of being a great mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension |
True |
|
|
During the hip extension which end of the semitendinosus is more stable, thus acting as the origin |
Distal |
|
|
When muscle group functions as a decelerator when an athlete needs to change direction or when landing from a jump |
Quadriceps |
|
|
Is a cracking, popping, or snapping sound that occurs when a joint moves |
Crepitus |
|
|
The ____ innervates the knee flexors |
Femoral |
|
|
Internal & External Rotation at the tibiofemoral joint can only occur when the joint is flexed beyond ____ degrees |
30 |
|
|
In the space below provide the names of the 7 bi articular structures |
1. Gracilis 2. Sartorius 3. Rectus Femoris 4. Semitendinosus 5. Semimembranosus 6. Biceps Femoris 7. TFL |
|
|
The vastus medialis provides a ____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically |
Superomedial |
|
|
Muscles that flex the knee include all of the following A. Biceps Femoris B. TFL C. Semitendinosus D. Semimembranosus |
TFL (extends) |
|
|
Which of the following is not correct regarding the menisci in the knee joint? A. Forms a cushion between the Femur & Fibula B. Increases stability C. Deepens tibial fossa D. Attached to tibia |
Forms a cushion between femur & fibula |
|
|
True or False The acetabular femoral joint is plagued by the same instability issues found in the glenohumeral joint |
False |
|
|
The sartorius is located ____ & performs ____ of the hip joint |
Anteriorly, flexion |
|
|
3 Joints found in the hip & class |
1. Acetabulofemoral- Enarthroidal ball & socket 2. Pubic symphysis- Symphysis 3. Sacroiliac- Arthroidal |
|
|
True or False Individuals with lower Q angles are more susceptible to knee injuries |
False b/c higher |
|
|
In the analysis of movement, this phase is required to regain balance & positioning to be ready for the next sport demand |
Recovery Phase |
|
|
Which of the following does not act on the hip? A. Piriformis B. Semimembranosus C. Psoas Minor |
Psoas minor |
|
|
The gluteus medius is located ____ & performs _____ of the hip |
Laterally, abduction |
|
|
Which biarticular muscle below is situated laterally in the posterior compartment of the thigh A. Biceps Femoris B. Semitendinosus C. Semimembranosus |
Biceps Femoris |
|
|
The body will gradually adapt very specifically to the various stresses and loads placed on it |
S.A.I.D |
|
|
The actions of the brachioradialis muscle include all of the following except ? A. Flecion of the elbow B. Probation of the forearm from a supinated position to neutral C. Supination of the forearm from pronated position to neutral D. Flexion of the carpals |
Flexion of the carpals |
|
|
Which of the following is not an action of the subscapularis A. Internal rotation B. Extension C. Flexion D. Adduction |
Flexion |
|
|
Provide the 10 movements associated with the glenohumeral joint |
1. Abduction 2. Adduction 3. Flexion 4. Extension 5. Upward rotation 6. Downward rotation 7. Horizontal abduction 8. Horizontal adduction 9. External rotation 10. Internal rotation |
|
|
Which of the following muscles performs adduction of the wrist? A. Palmaris longus B. Flexor carpi ulnaris C. Flexor pollicis lungus |
Flexor carpi ulnaris |
|
|
When the glenohumeral joint is in terminal full abduction the shoulder girdle is in |
Upward rotation |
|
|
Actions of the biceps brachii include all of the following except A. Pronation of forearm B. Flexion of elbow C. Supination of forearm |
Pronation of forearm |
|
|
When the glenohumeral joint is in external rotation the shoulder girdle is in |
Adduction |
|
|
The muscles that perform radioulnar supination include all of the following except A. Anconeus B. Biceps brachii C. Supinator D. Brachioradialis |
Anconeus |
|
|
Which of the following is responsible for hip extension? A. Gluteus minimum B. Gluteus Maximus C. Adductor Magnus D. Vastus intermedius |
Gluteus Maximus |
|
|
3 muscles which act on the hip & are found in the lateral compartment |
Gluteus minimus Gluteus medius Tfl |
|
|
When An athlete is running forward or landing a from a jump the muscles found in the _____ compartment contract ____ to allow the athlete to maintain balance |
Anterior,eccentrically |
|
|
4 Small Rotator Cuffs |
Supraspinatus Infraspinatus Teres Minor Subscapularis |
|
|
Two that extend on the elbow on the posterior side |
Anconeus & Triceps |
