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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How do intermolecular forces relate to the properties of soap? |
1. Shape of micelle - non polar inside and polar outside 2. Doesn't clean in hard water because it becomes deionize, the soap can't attract water and emulsify the dirt. |
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What is the nature of a micelle and why do they form in soap solutions? |
1. Hydrophobic (nonpolar) end on the inside of the sphere and hydrophilic end on the outside of the sphere. 2. Soap cleans because it likes the non polar part and gets washed away with the water/ polar part. 3. They form because the hydrophobic part wants to get away from the water so the have the hydrophilic end stick out and all the hydrophobic ends on the inside. |
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What is the difference between soap and detergent? |
1. Soap are metallic salts of fatty acids while detergents are synthetic. 2. Detergents don't react with hard water and may have additional properties and may serve as surfactants and foaming agents. |
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What is the difference between the system and the surroundings? |
The system is what is being observed, worked on, or studied. The surroundings is everything not the system. |
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How do you determine the specific heat capacity of a metal? |
(mass) (Δt) (Cp) = (mass) (Δt) (Cp) We measure the change in temperature, the mass, and the use the know specific heat of one substance, as well as the mass and change in temperature of the unknown substance to find the specific heat. |
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How do you determine the enthalpy change of a chemical reaction? |
(mass) (Δt) (Cp) system = -(mass) (Δt) (Cp) surroundings
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How do you determine the specific heat capacity of a salt solution? |
Look at the delta H for a know (like water) and divide that by the change in temperature and the mass of the salt solution. |
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How do you design an experiment? |
Look at what you are trying to find, use tools like a separation diagram to help organize your ideas, write a clear and precise procedure. |
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How to find the standard deviation of a set of data? |
Put in calculator. It's the average distance from the mean. The units are the same as the units for the population. |
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How do you use a t-test to see if populations are the same? |
If t stat is less than t crit than you accept the hypothesis that they are the same. |
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How do you use differences in physical/chemical properties to separate mixtures into pure components. |
Separate based on boiling point, particle size, polarity. |
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How do you draw separation diagrams to describe a separation? |
Start with what can easily be pulled out, then look at specific properties of each of the remaining parts, keeping in mind the end result. |
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How/ when do you perform extractions and vacuum filtrations? |
Extractions when a particle size difference, vacuum filtrations to separate a liquid from a solid. |
