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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anatomy |
describes the form & organization of body parts |
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Physiology |
considers the functions of anatomical parts |
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Gross (macroscopic) anatomy |
the study of structure large enough to be seen with the naked eye |
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Regional anatomy |
all the body structure in a given region, such as abdomen or leg, are examined at the same time |
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Systemic anatomy |
body studied system by system |
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Surface anatomy |
internal body structures as they relate to the overlying skin |
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Microscopic anatomy |
study of structure that are too small to be seen with the naked eye |
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Developmental anatomy |
study of the change in body structure over the course of a lifetime |
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Characteristics of Life |
1. Movement 2. Responsiveness 3. Growth 4. Reproduction 5. Respiration 6. Digestion 7. Absorption 8. Circulation 9. Assimilation 10. Excretion |
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Movement |
change in position of the body; motion of an internal organ |
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Responsiveness |
reaction to a change inside or outside body |
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Growth |
increase in body size without change in shape |
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Reproduction |
production of new organisms and/or cells |
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Cellular Respiration |
obtaining oxygen, removing carbon dioxide & releasing energy from food 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ATP |
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Digestion |
breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can be absorbed and used |
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Absorption |
the passage of substances through various body membranes and into body fluids |
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Circulation |
movement of substances from place to place in body fluids |
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Assimilation |
changing of absorbed substances into chemically different forms |
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Excretion |
removal of wastes produced by metabolic reactions |
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Maintenance of Life Requirements |
1. Water 2. Food 3. Oxygen 4. Heat 5. Pressure |
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Water |
Most abundant chemical in the body & used in metabolic processes (providing the environment & transport substances) |
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Food |
substances that supply the body with chemicals and water necessary in vital reactions |
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Oxygen |
release energy from food |
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Heat |
production of metabolic reactions & it controls rate at which chemical reactions take place in the body |
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Pressure |
a force on something - atmospheric pressure help breathing - hydrostatic pressure help blood movement |
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Homeostatis |
ability of body to maintain a relatively constant internal environment e.g. body temp & blood pH |
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Homeostatic mechanisms |
self regulating control systems |
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Set point |
tells what a particular value should be e.g. body temp |
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Receptors |
provide info about specific conditions in the internal environment |
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Effectors |
causes responses that alter conditions in internal environment |
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Negative Feedback (Trying to Avoid Extremes) |
Triggered by changes away from set point - when the body heat rises the brain increases loss of body heat (perspiration) - when the body needs to conserve heat the blood vessels constrict (shivering) |
