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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Skin is also refered to as the...
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Cutaneous Membrane
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What is the largest organ in the body in surface area and weight?
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Skin/ Integumentary System
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What is the superficial, thinner portion of the skin?
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Epidermis
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What is the keratinized, stratified squamous epithelial tissue that provides protection as a barrier to the outside?
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Epidermis
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What is the deep, thicker portion of the skin that contains connective tissues?
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Dermis
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What is the subcutaneous layer that is not par to the skin that is:
a. deep to the dermis b. areolar, adipose tissue c. fat storage, and the site of large blood vessels |
Hypodermis
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The hairless skin that covers the palms, palmar surfaces of the fingers & soles?
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Thick skin
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Skin with more dense sensory receptors, numerous sudoriferous glands, and no sebaceous glands?
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Thick skin
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The hairy skin is also called the?
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Thin skin
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These ________ cells of the epidermis are the most numerous, produce keratin and are waterproof.
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Keratinocytes
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These ________ cells of the epidermis produce melanin.
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Melanocytes
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These ________ cells of the epidermis are small in number and provide for an immune response.
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Langerhans Cells
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These ________ cells of the epidermis provide for the sensation to touch.
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Merkel cells
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This layer of the epidermis is:
a. the deepest layer b. a single row of cells c. contains keratinocytes, melanocytes, and merkel cells |
Stratum basale
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This layer of the epidermis is:
a. 8-10 layers of keratinocytes b. appears spiny in histology slides c. contains langerhans cells and melanin slides |
Stratum spinosum
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This layer of the epidermis is 3-5 layers of flattened keratinocytes undergoing apoptosis.
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Stratum granulosum
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This layer of epidermis only present in thick skin is 3-5 layers of clear, flat, dead, keratinocytes.
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Stratum Lucidum
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This layer of the epidermis is 25-30 layers of dead, flat ketarinocytes taht are continuously shed.
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Stratum corneum
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The ________ has two regions: the papillary region and the reticular region.
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Dermis
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This region of the dermis makes up 1/5 of the dermis, is aerolar connective tissue, and encompases dermal papilae.
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Papillary Region
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This region of the dermis contains dense irregular connective tissue such as hair follicles, sudoriferous and sebaceous glands.
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Reticular Region
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Skin color is due to what 3 pigments?
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Melanin, Carotene, Hemoglobin
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This skin color pigment:
a. protects from UV light b. is pale yellow to tan/black c. has a constant number of melanocytes but pigment amount changes |
Melanin
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This yellow-orange pigment is the precusor for vitamin a and is found in skin.
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Carotene
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This pigment is the red color found in blood.
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Hemoglobin
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_____ or ______ provide protection and are composed of dead - keratinized skin.
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Hair or Pilli
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The enlarged portion of a hair folicle is known as the _______.
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Bulb
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______ are blood vessels that nourish the growing hair folicle.
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Papilla
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the ______ _______ ______ are the smooth muscles that are responsible for making hair stand up?
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Arrector pili muscles
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These glands are
a. connected to hair folicles b. secrete sebum, and oily substance c. coat hairs to keep them from drying out d. prevents excessive evaporation of water from skin e. keeps the skin soft and pliable f. inhibits the growth of certain bacteria |
Sebaceous or oil glands
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These glands of the skin secrete waxy substances that combine with the sebum to produce cerumen (earwax)
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Cerunimous Glands
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The two types of sudoriferous glands or sweat glands are:
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Eccrine and apocrine sweat glands
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______ sweat glands are
a. in most skin b. have the secretory portion in the dermis with a pore at the surface of the epidermis c. helps regulate body temperature |
Eccrine sweat glands
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______ sweat glands are:
a. found mostly in axilla, groin, aerola, beard area in males - and don't function until puberty b. secretory poriton in hypodermis with ducts opening to the hair folicles c. secretions are similar to that of eccrine sweat glands with the addition of proteins and lipids d. secrete during stress or sexual excitement |
Appocrine sweat glands
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_______ are plates of tightly packed, hard, keratinzed epidermal cells.
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Nails
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The 4 parts to a nail are:
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1. Nail body (lunula)
2. Free edge 3. Nail root 4. Cuticle (stratum corneum) |
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The 2 functions of the integumentary system are:
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1. Regulate body temperature
2. Protect 3. Excrete 4. Absorb 5. Synthesis |
R,P,E,A,S
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Sweat and blood flow in the dermis help to regulate _______.
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Temperature
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The skin protects from: (4 things)
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a. microbes
b. abrasion, heat, chemicals c. dehydration d. UV light |
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The cutaneous sensation cells are: (6 things)
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a. meissner corpuscles
b. merkel discs c. ruffini corpuscles d. pacinian corpuscles e. nociceptors f. thermoreceptors |
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Thermoreceptors sense: (2 things)
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Warmth and coolness
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Nociceptors sense _______
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Pain
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Pacinian corpuscles sense: (3)
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pressure, fast vibrations, & tickling
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The ruffini corpuscles are found in the:
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Dermis, ligaments, and tendons
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This cuaneous senstion relates to stretching of the skin.
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Ruffini corpuscles
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Merkel discs are found in the:
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Epidermis
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This cutaneous sensation is sensitive to touch and pressure.
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Merkel discs
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These corpuscles of touch are found in the dermal papilla and receive sensations of fine touch, pressure, and slow vibrations.
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Meissner corpuscles
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This function of the integumentary system has a minor role of eliminating wastes by evaporating water from skin.
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Excretion
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This ________ function of the integumentary system has a minor role in ______ materials such as fat soluble vitamins, certian drugs, toxins and CO2. (Same word)
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Absorption
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The _______ of _________ is a function o the integumentary system because it aids in the absorption of calcium from foods.
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Synthesis of calcitrol (Vitamin D)
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A first degree burn affects only the __________.
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Epidermis
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A first degree burn is:
a. not painful b. slightly painful c. varies in pain d. very painful |
Very painful
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A second degree burn extends to the ___________.
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Dermis
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A second degree burn is:
a. not painful b. slightly painful c. varies in pain d. very painful |
Varies in pain
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A third degree burns damage extends to the __________.
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Hypodermis
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A third degree burn is:
a. not painful b. slightly painful c. varies in pain d. very painful |
A little painful
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A fourth degree burns damage extends to the _________.
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Fascia, tendons, or bones
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The major concern with burn injuries are :
1. tissue damage and fluid loss 2. fluid loss and pain 3. pain and infection 4. infection and tissue damage 5. tissue damage and pain |
2. Fluid loss and pain
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A deep wound injury extends to the ________ and/or even the __________.
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Dermis, Hypodermis
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4 Phases of wound healing are:
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1. Inflammatory Phase
2. Migratory Phase 3. Proliferative Phase 4. Maturation Phase |
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The __________ phase of wound healing:
- eliminates microbes, foreign material, dying tissues - increases permeability, vasodialation |
Inflamatory
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Th ___________ phase of wound healing:
- blood clots dry to scabs, epithelial cells bridge gap - fibroblasts synthesize collagen and glycoproteins in the dermis - damage blood vessels regrow |
Migratory
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The _________ phase of wound healing:
- epithelial cells grow, fibroblasts deposit collagen, and vessels grow |
Proliferative
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The _________ phase of wound healing:
- scab sloughs off, granulation tissue becomes scar tissue |
Maturation
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This type of skin cancer arises from the stratum basale and invades the dermis, is the least dangerous/ grows slowly, and make up for 75% of skin cancer cases.
a. Basal cell carcinoma b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. malignant melanoma |
Basal cell carcinoma
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This type of skin cancer arises from the ketatinocytes in the stratum spinsum, can be treated if caught early, metastasis in the lymphnodes can be lethal, and make up for 20% of skin cancer cases.
a. Basal cell carcinoma b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. malignant melanoma |
Squamous cell carcinoma
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This type of skin cancer arises from the melanocytes of a preexisting mole, are most deadly, comprise 4% of skin cancer cases.
a. Basal cell carcinoma b. Squamous cell carcinoma c. malignant melanoma |
Malignant melanoma
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The ABCD's of malignant melanoma warning signs are:
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A - asymmetry
B - border irregularities C - color irregularities D - diameter over 6mm |
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One should use a sunscreen with an SPF greater than ________ every day.
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SPF 15
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