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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 phases of the Parkes-Bowlby grieving process? What is a sentence that really surmises this theory of grief? |
1. Numbness 2. Yearning for the deceases 3. Disorganisation & disrepair 4. Reorganisation "We grieve for those we are attached to" |
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What is grief? What 3 ways can it be? |
"The natural reaction to loss" Internal, external or anticipatory |
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What is secure attachment characterised by? (3) What age group does this relate to? |
- Explore & play when mother is present - Distressed when mother leaves, no exploring - Behaviour is close contact/interest 12-15 months old |
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What is insecure & avoidant attachment characterised by? (2) What age group does this relate to? |
- No stress when mother leaves - No contact on mothers return 12-15 months old |
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What is attachment? What does is require? |
A close relationship, usually mother to child, that requires sensitivity & responsiveness. |
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Define loss. |
An event that causes inaccessibility Experiencing of separation from someone or something that has meaning for the individual to which they feel strongly connected |
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Define grief. |
The reaction to loss. |
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Define bereavement. |
To be deprived of someone by death or loss |
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Define mourning. |
Behavioural & social processes following loss then grief. |
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What are the (4) different types of grief? |
1. Anticipatory grief 2. Disenfranchised grief (Aids, suicide, pet death) 3. Non-finite grief (chronic illness, sorrows) 4. Complicated grief (e.g. having to hide grief/death of secret lover etc) |
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What is the difference between loss and grief? |
Loss is the event but Grief is the reaction |
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What are the (5) stages of the Kubler-Ross grieving theory? |
DABDA
Denial Anger Bargaining Depression Acceptance |
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Who was the 1st to describe physical reactions to grief? What timeframe did he describe? What theory did this lead to? |
Lindemann in 1944. Showed "somatic stress" as usually resolving in 4-6 weeks. Lead to Crisis Theory. |
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What are the (6) types of reactions to loss? |
PHYSICAL - nausea, aches, appetite loss EMOTIONAL - sad, fear, shock COGNITIVE - confusion, memory deficit, concentration issues BEHAVIOURAL - agression, crying, social withdrawl SOCIAL - difficulties maintaining relationships SPIRITUAL - sense of meaning, or anger "why god" etc |
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What are the (5) levels of loss? |
PRIMARY - loss event SECONDARY - loss that follows e.g. financial, employmnt HOLISTIC - future you thought of SELF-CONCEPT - how you see yourself METAPHORICAL - changes your values & beliefs |
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What factors can affect grief? (4) |
PERSONAL - age, culture EVENT CHARACTERISTICS - sudden, ongoing NATURAL OF SOCIAL SUPPORT - refugee COPING STRATEGIES - outlets, yoga, art etc |
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What is insecure & ambivalent attachment characterised by behaviourally? Which age group does this relate to? |
- anxiety prior to separation - upset by separation - close contact but no interaction upon return 12-15 months |
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What is the dual-model of bereavement? |
"Bereavement oscillates between loss-oriented coping and restoration-oriented coping" |
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What is loss-oriented coping? |
Dealing with your emotions |
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What is restoration-oriented coping? |
Managing daily living, constructing with new meaning |
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What are the "Worden" tasks of grief? (4) |
1. Accept reality 2. Work through the pain 3. Adjust to the new environment 4. Emotionally relocate the lost thing/dead |
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What are issues with the attachment theory? |
- Only speaks of the mother-child relationship/gender-bias - Culture-specific. Only looks at nuclear families. - Not life long. Patterns are constantly changing. |
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How do children 3-5 view death? (2) |
They believe the dead still exist in some altered circumstance They may see death as reversible |
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How does the 10 year old view death? |
Now understand it biologically |
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How does the 5-7 year old view death? |
Realise that death is characterised by finality, irreversible |
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How does the infant view death? |
They'll feel some separation anxiety, but otherwise wont cognitively be able to recognise death. |
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How do children manifest grief? (pre-school children and older children) |
- differently to adults. Preschoolers may have trouble eating, toileting, tantrums. Older children may be sad, angry, describe somatic symptoms like sore stomachs. |
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What shouldn't a HCP do when someone is grieving? (4) |
- compare loss to other patients - introduce grief literature that is over their heads - make cliched comments - "fix it" |
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What are issues with the Kubler-Ross theory of grief? (3) |
- staging / linear isn't always accurate - there is no such thing as 'typical' loss - people don't always go through the stages sequentially |
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What is the PARKES 4 stage model of grief? |
1. Initial reaction: shock, anger, disbelief. 2. Grief pangs, anger, guilt, sadness, fear. 3. Despair. 4. Acceptance/adjustment. |
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What did Worden identify as the 4 categories of grief responses? |
FEELINGS– Eg guilt, shock, despair, relief PHYSICAL SENSATIONS– Eg SOB, muscle weakness COGNITIONS– Eg Disbelief, confusion, memory problems BEHAVIOURS– Eg sleep and appetite changes |
