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62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What were the three crops grown in the Southern Colonies? |
The three crops grown in the Southern Colonies were rice, indigo, and tobacco Acronym: R.I.T (rice,indigo, tobacco) |
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Why was growing tobacco labor-intensive? |
Growing tobacco required a great deal of labor.
INTENSIVE= A LOT OF WORK OR great deal of labor |
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What made cultivating rice challenging? |
Cultivating rice required standing for long hours in the mud and getting bitten by mosquitoes. |
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What disease did many rice workers catch, and how was it spread? |
Many rice workers caught malaria, a serious and sometimes deadly disease spread by mosquitoes. Malaria= deadly mosquitoes disease |
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Why did Southern planters want slaves? |
Southern planters wanted slaves to help them with the labor-intensive work of growing crops like tobacco and rice. Basically they want to make the work easier |
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Who received a patent for the cotton gin and when? |
Eli Whitney received a patent for his cotton gin in 1794. |
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What does it mean to “gin” cotton? |
To “gin” cotton is to separate it from its seeds. Gin= separate |
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How did the invention of the cotton gin affect cotton production? |
Before the cotton gin, ginning cotton was so difficult and time-consuming that the South couldn’t produce much cotton. The cotton gin changed that. The cotton gin make it easier and faster |
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What was the impact of the cotton gin on the demand for cotton and slaves? |
The cotton gin increased the demand (or desire) for cotton and slaves to pick it. |
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By 1850, what percentage of plantation slaves were engaged in cotton production? |
Nearly two-thirds |
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What was the significance of cotton for the Southern Colonies? |
Cotton became another important Southern crop. |
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When did English settlers bring the first Africans to Virginia? |
In the early 1600s. |
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What percentage of the U.S. population did slaves make up by 1790? |
Nearly one-fifth. |
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Where did most enslaved Africans live and work in the United States? |
On plantations, or large farms, in the South. |
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What was the South’s economic system? |
Mostly agricultural. |
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What did big plantations in the South rely on? |
Slaves. |
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What was becoming more prevalent in the North?
Prevalent =majority; main |
Industrialization with more factories and cities. FIC acronyms |
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Did the North depend on slavery as much as the South? |
No, the North did not depend on slavery as much and began to abolish it. |
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What was the main cause of the Civil War according to the text? |
Slavery. |
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What was another name for the Compromise of 1820? |
The Missouri Compromise. |
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What was Missouri a part of before it became a state? |
The land bought from France in the Louisiana Purchase. |
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Why did Northerners oppose the spread of slavery westward? |
They did not want to be outnumbered or outvoted in Congress. |
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What was the solution of the Missouri Compromise? |
Missouri was admitted as a slave state, and part of Massachusetts became Maine, a free state. |
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What future provision was made regarding slavery and new territories? Provision= new rules in place |
Any land above the latitudinal line 36°30’ would be a free territory or become a free state. |
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What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act repeal? Repeal = take away |
The Compromise of 1820 (Missouri Compromise). |
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What had the Compromise of 1820 banned? |
Slavery north of latitude 36°30’. |
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What was the effect of the Kansas-Nebraska Act on sectionalism? |
It increased sectionalism, particularly upsetting Northerners. |
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What was the status of Nebraska after the Kansas-Nebraska Act? |
It caused no trouble and would clearly become a free state. |
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What were the North and South determined to have regarding Kansas? |
The North wanted Kansas to be a free state, and the South wanted it to be a slave state. |
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What did the Kansas-Nebraska Act allow people to do? |
Vote and decide for themselves whether to allow or prohibit slavery. |
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What was the purpose of the New England Emigrant Aid Society? |
To move anti-slavery settlers to Kansas Territory. |
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What happened during the election in Kansas in November 1854? |
Missourians crossed the border, voted for a pro-slavery candidate, and won the election. |
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What occurred in March 1855 regarding the Kansas elections? |
About 5,000 people crossed the border and voted for pro-slavery candidates who passed strict pro-slavery laws. |
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How did antislavery settlers react to the pro-slavery government? |
They refused to recognize it and held their own elections. |
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What was the situation in Kansas by 1856? |
There were two governments in Kansas. |
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What ignited the conflict known as “Bleeding Kansas”? |
A free-soiler killed five pro-slavery settlers, leading to fighting and exaggerated stories in northern newspapers. |
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Who did Dred Scott and his wife sue? |
Irene Sandford, their former owner’s wife. |
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What laws did Dred Scott and his wife cite in their lawsuit?
Cite = list |
They cited that any person wrongfully enslaved should be freed and that any enslaved person taken to free soil and then returned to slave territory has gained their freedom. |
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Why did Dred Scott believe he and his wife should be freed? |
Because they had lived in a territory where slavery was banned. |
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How big was the Dred Scott case and what year did it reach the Supreme Court? |
The Dred Scott case made its way through federal appeals and eventually reached the Supreme Court in 1856. |
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Who support Dred Scott case? |
Many abolitionists and anti-slavery activitists support it. |
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What was the outcome of the Dred Scott case at the Supreme Court? |
The Supreme Court ruled against Dred Scott, stating that any African born in the U.S. was not considered to be a U.S. citizen and did not have the rights to sue. |
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What was ruled unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott decision? |
The Missouri Compromise. |
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Why did the Supreme Court rule the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional? |
They decided that Congress had overstepped its power because it had no authority to forbid or abolish slavery in the territories. |
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What did the Missouri Compromise originally do? |
It admitted Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, and it established that all territories north of latitude 36°30’ would be free territories or states. |
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What party was Lincoln a part of and who were its members? |
The new Republican Party, which included many abolitionists. |
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What did abolitionists want? |
To get rid of slavery. |
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How many states seceded from the Union between November 1860 and February 1861?
Secede= leave or separate |
Seven states. |
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How many more states seceded after February 1861? |
FOUR more states. |
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What does it mean to secede? |
To leave or break away from the country. |
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Which was the first state to secede? |
South Carolina. |
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What are States’ Rights? |
The idea that individual states within a country have certain rights and powers of their own. |
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Abolitionists wanted to a. Give states more power than the federal government b. Get rid of slavery c. Rebel against the North and start their own country d.All of the above |
Abolitionists wanted to: b. Get rid of slavery.Abolitionists were individuals who advocated for the immediate end of slavery and the emancipation of slaves without compensation to slaveholders. Their focus was on the moral argument against slavery rather than states’ rights or secession. |
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True or false: The cotton gin changed that and increased the demand (or desire) for cotton and slaves to pick it |
True. The invention of the cotton gin did indeed change the agricultural landscape by making the process of separating cotton fibers from their seeds much faster and easier. This increased the demand for cotton and, as a result, also increased the demand for slave labor to pick the cotton. |
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As part of the Missouri Compromise a.Missouri was admitted as a free state b. Maine was admitted as a slave state. c.In the future, any land above the latitudinal line 36 30 would be free territory or become a free state d.All of the above |
The correct answer is:c. In the future, any land above the latitudinal line 36°30’ would be free territory or become a free state.
As part of the Missouri Compromise, Missouri was admitted as a slave state, not a free state, and Maine was admitted as a free state, not a slave state. The compromise also stipulated that in the future, any land above the latitudinal line 36°30’ north would be free territory or become a free state. |
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The Kansas-Nebraska Act increased tension between the North and South.The North wanted Kansas to be a free state. The South wanted Kansas to bea slave state. Which of the following statements is true? a. Missouri residents crossed the border and voted for proslavery candidates in Kansas elections b. Missouri residents crossed the border and voted for abolitionists inKansas elections c. The elections were fair d. Once an abolitionist was elected, there were no more problems in Kansas |
a. Missouri residents crossed the border and voted for proslavery candidates in Kansas elections.This action contributed to the period of conflict known as "Bleeding Kansas," where there were disputes over whether Kansas would be a free or slave state. The elections were marred by fraud and violence, as proslavery forces from Missouri, known as "Border Ruffians," crossed into Kansas to vote illegally. |
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Dred Scott a.Was born into slavery b. Lived in both slave states and free states c.Sued for his freedom but the Supreme Court ruled against him d. All of the above |
Dred Scott was born into slavery, lived in both slave and free states, and sued for his freedom. However, the Supreme Court ruled against him, stating that he was not a U.S. citizen and therefore had no right to sue. |
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Which of the following was NOT a cause of the American Civil War? A.Bleeding Kansas b. The Election of 1860 c. Taxation without representation D.The Dred Scott decision |
c. Taxation without representation.This phrase was a slogan during the 1750s and 1760s that summarized a primary grievance of the Thirteen Colonies, which was one of the major causes of the American Revolution, not the Civil War. The other options listed were indeed factors that contributed to the tensions leading up to the Civil War |
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The winner of the 1860 U.S. presidential election was a. Jefferson Davis b. Frederick Douglass C.Abraham Lincoln D.Thomas Jefferson |
The winner of the 1860 U.S. presidential election was c. Abraham Lincoln.Abraham Lincoln, representing the Republican Party, won the presidency in the 1860 election, which was one of the pivotal events leading up to the American Civil War. |
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Which of the following states did not secede, or break away from the country? a.Maine b. Virginia c.South Carolina d.Georgia |
The state that did notsecede, or break away from the country, is a. Maine.Maine was part of the Union during the American Civil War and did not secede. Virginia, South Carolina, and Georgia were among the states that seceded and joined the Confederacy. |
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True or False: South Carolina was the first state to secede |
True. South Carolina was the first state to secede. |
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Lincoln's election distressed Southern states because a. lincoln was part of the new Republican party and there were many abolitionists in that political party b. Lincoln said he would abolish slavery immediately and as soon as he became president c. Lincoln wanted Southern states to secede d.a and c are true |
The correct answer is:a. Lincoln was part of the new Republican party and there were many abolitionists in that political party.
Abraham Lincoln's election caused distress in Southern states primarily because he was associated with the Republican Party, which had a platform that opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories. This stance was seen as a threat to the institution of slavery and the economic interests of the South. Lincoln did not advocate for immediate abolition or for Southern states to secede; rather, his election was perceived as a catalyst for secession by those states. |
