Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Why is it so important to study history?
|
To understand present society.
|
|
|
What is Ms. Mitchell's philosophy of teaching and why is it important?
|
To raise consciousness/awareness for students, of the world around them.
|
|
|
Explain Social Darwinisn.
|
-Charles Darwin
-Says progress comes with competiton in which the fittest survive and the weak are eliminated. -This justified economic inequality. -Those who succeeded deserved their succes and those who failed earned it because they were lazy. |
|
|
What was the purpose of the Unions?
|
-Labor unoins formed in response to bad working conditions to protect the workers.
-They formed against working long hours, low wages, unsafe working conditions/workin environments and no job secruity. |
|
|
What was the first labor union and what did they fight for? What caused their demise?
|
Knights of labors and they fought for 8 hour work days and the abolishment of child labor.
-They led a series of unsuccessful boycotts. |
|
|
What was the longest lasting labor union and who in particular did they organize?
|
American Federation of Labor and they organized skilled workers.
|
|
|
What was the function of Ethnic neighborhoods?
|
-Created to help immigrants transition into urban life.
-Offered newspapers and theaters in their native languages and offered their ethnic food, churches, etc. -After awhile they became overcrowded and poor neighborhoods. |
|
|
Who were the tycoons of this era?
|
-Jason Gould
-Cornelius Vanderbuilt -Andrew Carnegie -JD Rockefeller -JP Morgan |
|
|
Who was Jason Gould and what did he do?
|
Tycoon who began in the railroad business and later seized control of western union
-Obtained wealth by buying and selling stock through manipulation |
|
|
Who was cornelius Vanderbuilt and what did he do?
|
-Tycoon who owned the New York Central Railroad
-He owned and dominated most of the railroad -Bought out smaller railroad compaines to creat his empire |
|
|
Who was Andrew Carnegie and what did he do?
|
-Scottish Tycoon who owned largest steel business in the world
-He reshaped the iron and steel industry and cut the cost of making rails for railroads by more than half by using steel |
|
|
Who was JP Morgan and what did he do?
|
-Tycoon who dominated american banking by watered stock in the railroad business (he issued more shares than assets of the company warranted)= railroad company debts
-Purchases carnegie steel and named it united states steel (largest corporation in the world) -Steel and banking businessman |
|
|
Who was JD Rockefellar and what did he do?
|
-Tycoon who owned Standard Oil Company
-Monoploized the oil refining business -Railroad companies depended on him so much that they began to pay him to transport oil -Country's first billionaire. |
|
|
Why was there opposition to immigration?
|
-Henry Bowers - American Protective Association to cease immigration
-Immigration Restriction League was created to classify immirgrants (desirable from undesirable) -Desireables were from Western Europe or skilled workers all others were undesirables. |
|
|
What did "public space" involve?
|
-Created to provide refuge from the city
-Parks -Museums -Libraries -Concert Halls |
|
|
List urban problems of this era.
|
1-Fires
2-Diseases from inadequate disposal of waste and contaimated water 3-Air pollution caused respiratory infections 4-Poverty 5-Crime 6-Violence |
|
|
Explain the Morrill Land Grant Act of 1862.
|
-Government donated land to states for the establishment of colleges
-This opened the door for women colleges -Natives were encouraged to attend schools to "civilize" them -Black colleges and universities emerged first as industrial schools/adult education schools -TN state university, UTC, UTK, UTM |
|
|
Which president served 2 non consecutive terms?
|
-Grover Clevland
-Was eleted in 1884 -Was elected in 1892 |
|
|
Define Imperialism.
|
-Imperialism is when a nation extends its territory and power by dominating other nations and justification for the united states to do so was based on Charles Darwin's theory which was interpreted as:
-Strong nations to dominate weak nations was in accorance with "the fittest survive" |
|
|
What did Alfred Manhan do?
|
-Said countries with sea power were always the great nations throughout history
-Manhan suggested that the United States should establish colonies and defense bases in the caribbean and pacfic colonies and take posession of hawaii |
|
|
Define Yellow Journalism.
|
-Sensationalist style of reporting and writing to arouse public sentiment.
|
|
|
Define Muckrakers.
|
-Groups of journalists comitted to exposing scandals, corruption and injustice (ida tarbell is an example)
-Investigated government, labor unions, and corruptions -They were accused by Teddy Roosevelt of "raking up muck" through their writings |
|
|
Explain the Spainish American War.
|
-1895 Cuba was revolting againist Spain for independence.
-1898 US ship exploded and Hearst and Pulitzer pointed fingers at Spain -President Mckinley declared war against Spain -Spain surrendered and gave cuba its independence -As a result spain gave US puerto rico and the philippines. |
|
|
Explain the Platt Ammendment.
|
-Says Cuba will be barred from making treaties with other nations
-Gave the US the right to intervene to preserve independence, life, and property. -Allowed US to establish naval bases in Cuba. -Cubans were grateful to US for getting them independence -US controlled 80% of Cuba's natural resources -US had control until 1959 (castro) |
|
|
Explain what happended in the Philippines.
|
-Philippine war 1898-1902
-filipinos resisted US control -guerilla forces attacked US troops/us resorted to violence/ and the guerrillas were killed. -filipinos were put in concentration camps |
|
|
Explain the Progressive Era.
|
-Era of social reform
-3 impulses of reform (social purity movement, women's suffrage movement, prohibition/temperence movement) -The idea that the welfare of one is dependent on the welfare of all -Social order |
|
|
Explain Professionalism.
|
-New professional services envolved with new middle class
-The prompted the government to set standards for medical and law schools -Made admission requirements to protect professions to keep out the untrained and the incompetent -Gave prestige and status certain professions -Some professionals used admin requirements to keep out women, immigrants, and blacks. |
|
|
Explain the Temperence movement.
|
-Anti alcohol/ anti saloon
-Women were complaining about drunk husbanbs spending their money on alcohol and said it causes violence, spousal abuse, and murder. and employers also complained about drunk workers -Protests grew to ban alcohol -Temperence movement results in prohibiton -1919 congress passed 18th ammendment which prohibited the sale/manufacture of alchol |
|
|
Explain Women's Suffrage.
|
-Women's right to vote
**-The largest reform movement in the progressive era -Women were recognized because of their contribution in WWII -1920 19th ammendenment gave women political rights |
|
|
Explain Socialism.
|
-Defined as a governing system in which the state owns and operates the largest and most important parts of the economy.
-about distributing wealth, they wanted to end captialism. -Socialist party nominated 1st pres. candiate |
|
|
What were Women's jobs at this time.
|
-90% of professional women were teachers
-10% of professional women were nurses and librarians |
|
|
What is the "gospel of wealth?"
|
-Was an essay written by Andrew Carenegie in 1889
-Urged millionaries to not be snobs and give any surplus of money to the poor. |
|
|
Explain Laissez-Faire.
|
-Means "let it alone"
-idea that the government should not meddle in economic afairs except to protect private property. -Supreme court continued to protect businesses claiming that regulating corporations deprived them all due process -Corporationd were protected from taxation regualting laws and labor unions. |
|
|
Explain Agrarian Populism.
|
-Prices for agrarian products dropped while consumer price rose.
-Farmers revolted against railroads and warehouses because they were being charged too much to house their goods and transport them -They formed alliances to break the dependency on various merchants -They established their own banks, stores, processing plants, and other facilities. |
