History 1301 Unit 1 - Chapter 2

Front 1

John Smith

Back 1

A former mercenary, he led three ships and 104 English men and boys on the voyage to Jamestown in 1607, invoking harsh discipline as the settlement faced disease, starvation, and hostile Indians.

Hint 1

Pocahontas

Front 2

John Rolfe

Back 2

He sailed to the Jamestown settlement in 1609 and is credited with introducing tobacco cultivation to the new colony. He married the young Indian princess, Pocahontas.

Hint 2

Pocahontas really married this guy

Front 3

James I

Back 3

The first of the Stuart monarchs, his reign (1603-25) included settlement of Jamestown and Plymouth and authorization of a new English translation of the Bible.

Hint 3

KJV Bible

Front 4

Charles I

Back 4

King of England from 1625 until his execution in 1649, his anti-Calvinist beliefs and French Catholic wife led to religious conflicts and exodus of Puritans to Massachusetts. His power struggle with Parliment provoked the English Civil War.

Front 5

George Calvert

Back 5

The driving force behind the founding in 1634 of Maryland as a sanctuary for England's persecuted Catholics, he became known as Lord Baltimore.

Hint 5

Calavera

Front 6

William Bradford

Back 6

One of the Separatists who landed at Plymouth in 1620, he was elected governor of that colony when the first governor died, and served in that capacity for more than 25 years. "His Of Plymouth Plantation" is a valued history of that colony.

Hint 6

Bedford

Front 7

Squanto

Back 7

A Patuxt Indian who spoke English through previous contact with adventurers, he was key to the Pilgrims' survival, teaching them how to farm in New England soil and where to fish.

Hint 7

Not massasoit lol

Front 8

Massasoit

Back 8

As leader of the Wampanoag Confederacy, he allied with the Plymouth colony and helped ensure decades of peace between Indians and Englishmen until his death in 1661.

Hint 8

Professor's Son

Front 9

John Winthrop

Back 9

He led Puritans to found Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1630 and served as its governor for most of the next 20 years. His vision of creating a righteous "city on a hill" guided the colony and remains part of the American political dialogue.

Hint 9

Weaselthorp

Front 10

Roger Williams

Back 10

A Puritan-turned-Separatist, he was banished from Massachusetts Bay in 1636 for his advocacy of religious freedom and fair treatment of Indians, including questioning the validity of the colonies' charters. He founded Rhode Island as a safe haven for refugees.

Front 11

Anne Hutchinson

Back 11

Leader of a dissident group that questioned the theology and authority of religious leaders in Massachusetts, she was expelled for blasphemy in 1638 and moved to Rhode Island.

Front 12

William Penn

Back 12

Founded Pennsylvania as a refuge for Quakers in 1681 and became and advocate for democracy and religious freedom, although his designs for a "holy experiment" in the colony failed.

Front 13

James Oglethorpe

Back 13

British general and member of Parliament who founded Georgia in 1733 as an asylum for London's debtors and a buffer against Spanish encroachment.

Front 14

Antinomianism

Back 14

Religious belief rejecting traditional moral law as unnecessary for Christians who possess saving grace and affirming that a person could experience divine revelation and salvation without the assistance of formally trained clergy.

Front 15

Great Migration

Back 15

Migration of 16,000 Puritans from England to the Massachusetts Bay Colony during the 1630s.

Front 16

Headright

Back 16

System of land distribution in which settlers were granted a 50-acre plot of land from the colonial government for each servant or dependent they transported to the New World. It encouraged the recruitment of large servile labor force.

Front 17

House of Burgesses

Back 17

The elective representative assembly in colonial Virginia.

Front 18

Joint-Stock Company

Back 18

Business enterprise that enabled investors to pool money for commerce and funding for colonies.

Front 19

Mayflower Compact

Back 19

Agreement among the Pilgrims aboard the Mayflower in 1620 to create a civil government at Plymouth colony.

Front 20

Puritans

Back 20

Members of a reformed Protestant sect in Europe and America that insisted on removing all vestiges of Catholicism from religious practice.

Front 21

Quakers

Back 21

Members of a radical religious group, formally known as the Society of Friends, that rejects formal theology and stress each person's "inner light," a spiritual guide to righteousness.

Front 22

1607

Back 22

Jamestown founded

Front 23

1619

Back 23

House of Burgesses meets for first time; first slaves sold at Jamestown

Front 24

1620

Back 24

Pilgrims sign Mayflower Compact, land at Plymouth

Front 25

1630

Back 25

Winthrop Fleet arrives at Massachusetts Bay Colony

Front 26

1634

Back 26

Maryland founded

Front 27

1636

Back 27

Roger Williams banished, founds Providence, Rhode Island

Front 28

1638

Back 28

Anne Hutchinson exiled to Rhode Island

Front 29

1660

Back 29

Stuarts restored to English throne

Front 30

1664

Back 30

English conquer New Netherlands

Front 31

1681

Back 31

William Penn begins "Holy Experiment"

Front 32

1702

Back 32

East, West Jersey unify

Front 33

1732

Back 33

Oglethorpe founds Georgia