Mls Hematology Exam 1

Front 1

iron deficiency anemia

Back 1

results in impaired heme synthesis, microcytes, elliptocytes, hypochromia, codocytes

Hint 1

decrease in hemoglobin (4)

Front 2

sideroblastic anemia

Back 2

deficient heme synthesis, microcytes, hypochromia, ringed sideroblasts in BM, Pappenheimer bodies and siderocytes

Hint 2

ferritin accumulation (5)

Front 3

lead poisoning

Back 3

microcytes, hypochromia, basophilic stippling

Hint 3

(2)

Front 4

thalassemias

Back 4

impaired globin synthesis, microcytes, codocytes, elliptocytes, dacryocytes, hypochromia (a/b), basophilic stippling, Howell-Jolly bodies, cabot rings (homozygous), Heinz bodies (a), Pappenheimer bodies/siderocytes, sickle cell/drepanocytes

Hint 4

(9)

Front 5

megaloblastic anemias

Back 5

impaired DNA synthesis, folate deficiency, macrocytes, basophilic stippling, Howell-Jolly bodies, cabot rings, chemotherapy, myelodysplasia

Hint 5

(5)

Front 6

liver disease

Back 6

macrocytes, Burr cells, codocytes, acanthocytes

Hint 6

(3)

Front 7

myelodysplatic syndromes

myeloproliferative disorders

*idiopathic myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia

Back 7

BM disorders

macrocytes

codocytes, ovalocytes

*dacryocytes

Hint 7

(1 ea)

Front 8

hemolytic anemias

Back 8

spherocytes, Howelle-Jolly bodies

Front 9

post-splenectomy

Back 9

siderocytes, macrocytes, Howell-Jolly bodies, cabot rings, codocytes, acanthocytes

Front 10

pernicious anemia

Back 10

vitamin B12 deficiency, macrocytes (macroovalocytes), dacryocytes

Hint 10

(3)

Front 11

microcytes

Back 11

anisocytosis, <80 fL, <6 um, Fe deficiency anemia, thalassemias, lead poisoning, sideroblastic anemia, hypochromia, chronic disease anemia,

Hint 11

(8)

Front 12

macrocytes

Back 12

anisocytosis, >100 fL, >9 um, megalobastic anemias (DNA), chemotherapy

NON-megaloblastic: reticulocytosis, polychromasia, basophilic stippling, liver disease, post-splenectomy, hypothyroidism

Hint 12

(13)

Front 13

codocytes/target cells

Back 13

increased surface membrane, increased cholesterol and phospholipids, decreased hemoglobin, post-splenectomy, liver disease, iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobinopathies/thalassemias, HgC

Hint 13

(6)

Front 14

spherocytes

Back 14

low SA:Vol (ratio), increased Na (osmotic fragility), no central pallor, normal last state before sequestration by spleen, hereditary spherocytosis, immune hemolytic anemia, post-transfusion

Hint 14

(6)

Front 15

elliptocytes/ovalocytes

Back 15

hereditary elliptocytosis (asymptomatic), iron deficiency anemia, thalassemias, myeloblastic disorders

Hint 15

(3)

Front 16

stomatocytes

Back 16

mouth-like central pallor, increased Na (osmotic fragility), hereditary stomatocytosis, alcoholism, alcoholism (cirrhosis), artifact of slide making

Hint 16

(5)

Front 17

drepanocytes/sickle cells

Back 17

sickle cell anemia, sickle thalassemia, oat/crescent (reversible), sickled (irreversible)

Hint 17

(4)

Front 18

sickle cell anemia

Back 18

sickled, oat-, and crescent-shaped cells, Howell-Jolly bodies, siderocytes, sickle thalassemia

Hint 18

(3)

Front 19

acanthocytes

Back 19

genetic abetalipoproteinemia, excess cholesterol, alcohol intoxication (zieve's), pyruvate kinase deficiency, vitamin E deficiency, post-splenectomy, liver disease

Hint 19

(6)

Front 20

Burr cells

Back 20

liver disease, renal disease, severe burns, bleeding peptic ulceres, uremia, heart disease, stomach cancer, after heparin, hypothyroidism

Hint 20

(9)

Front 21

helmet cells

Back 21

glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase deficiency (6-G-PD), pulmonary emboli

Hint 21

(2)

Front 22

schistocytes

Back 22

fragmented cells, fibrin standsmicroangiopathic hemolytic anemias (DIC, HUS, TTP), renal graft rejection, burns, march hemoglobinuria

Hint 22

(1 & 3)

Front 23

dacryocytes

Back 23

severe anemias, idiopathic myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, thalassemias, drug induced Heinz bodies, iron deficiency, pernicious anemia

Hint 23

(6)

Front 24

hypochromia

Back 24

low color, central pallor > 3 um, MCHC < 32%, iron deficiency anemia, alpha- and beta-thalassemia, sideroblastic anemias, lead poisoning

Hint 24

(7)

Front 25

polychromasia

Back 25

reticulocytes are released early from BM, grey/lavender hue, basophilic in appearance, residual RNA, larger than mature RBCs

Hint 25

(5)

Front 26

basophilic stippling

Back 26

aggregates of ribosomes, any condition with defective or accelerated heme synthesis, lead poisoning, alcoholism, thalassemias, megaloblastic disorders, arsenic poisoning

Hint 26

(7)

Front 27

Howell-Jolly bodies

Back 27

remnants of nuclear material, Feulgen (+), 1 or 2 bluish balls in RBC (0.5 um), post-splenectomy, thalassemia, megaloblastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, hemolytic anemia

Hint 27

(8)

Front 28

Cabot rings

Back 28

spindles from abnormal mitosis, stippled cells (basophilic stippling), post-splenectomy, megaloblastic anemia, dyserythropoiesis, homozygous thalassemia, pre-leukemic states

Front 29

Heinz bodies

Back 29

denatured hemoglobin due to oxidant stress or phenylhydrazine, cannot be seen with Wright's stain, stain with crystal violet or brilliant cresyl blue (supraviatal), G6PD deficiency, unstable hemoglobin, alpha-thalassemia

Front 30

Pappenheimer bodies and siderotic granules (siderocytes)

Back 30

Fe accumulation in phagosomes, PBs are seen with Wright's stain (protein matrix of granule is stained), siderocytes are seen with Prussian blue (Fe is stained), sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, postsplenectomy, when in nucleated cells = ringed sideroblasts, sideroblastic anemia

Front 31

Ringed sideroblasts

Back 31

Fe accumulation in mitochondria seen around the nucleus, stained with prussian blue and safranin counter stain, sideroblastic anemia

Front 32

Malaria

Back 32

parasitic infection that feeds on hemoglobin, pigment forms as microbe feeds

Front 33

rouleaux

Back 33

stack of coins, hyperproteinemia, increased plasma proteins, multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, chronic inflammation, some lymphomas