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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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iron deficiency anemia |
results in impaired heme synthesis, microcytes, elliptocytes, hypochromia, codocytes |
decrease in hemoglobin (4) |
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sideroblastic anemia |
deficient heme synthesis, microcytes, hypochromia, ringed sideroblasts in BM, Pappenheimer bodies and siderocytes |
ferritin accumulation (5) |
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lead poisoning |
microcytes, hypochromia, basophilic stippling |
(2) |
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thalassemias |
impaired globin synthesis, microcytes, codocytes, elliptocytes, dacryocytes, hypochromia (a/b), basophilic stippling, Howell-Jolly bodies, cabot rings (homozygous), Heinz bodies (a), Pappenheimer bodies/siderocytes, sickle cell/drepanocytes |
(9) |
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megaloblastic anemias |
impaired DNA synthesis, folate deficiency, macrocytes, basophilic stippling, Howell-Jolly bodies, cabot rings, chemotherapy, myelodysplasia |
(5) |
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liver disease |
macrocytes, Burr cells, codocytes, acanthocytes |
(3) |
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myelodysplatic syndromes myeloproliferative disorders *idiopathic myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia |
BM disorders macrocytes codocytes, ovalocytes *dacryocytes |
(1 ea) |
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hemolytic anemias |
spherocytes, Howelle-Jolly bodies |
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post-splenectomy |
siderocytes, macrocytes, Howell-Jolly bodies, cabot rings, codocytes, acanthocytes |
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pernicious anemia |
vitamin B12 deficiency, macrocytes (macroovalocytes), dacryocytes |
(3) |
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microcytes |
anisocytosis, <80 fL, <6 um, Fe deficiency anemia, thalassemias, lead poisoning, sideroblastic anemia, hypochromia, chronic disease anemia, |
(8) |
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macrocytes |
anisocytosis, >100 fL, >9 um, megalobastic anemias (DNA), chemotherapy NON-megaloblastic: reticulocytosis, polychromasia, basophilic stippling, liver disease, post-splenectomy, hypothyroidism |
(13) |
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codocytes/target cells |
increased surface membrane, increased cholesterol and phospholipids, decreased hemoglobin, post-splenectomy, liver disease, iron deficiency anemia, hemoglobinopathies/thalassemias, HgC |
(6) |
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spherocytes |
low SA:Vol (ratio), increased Na (osmotic fragility), no central pallor, normal last state before sequestration by spleen, hereditary spherocytosis, immune hemolytic anemia, post-transfusion |
(6) |
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elliptocytes/ovalocytes |
hereditary elliptocytosis (asymptomatic), iron deficiency anemia, thalassemias, myeloblastic disorders |
(3) |
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stomatocytes |
mouth-like central pallor, increased Na (osmotic fragility), hereditary stomatocytosis, alcoholism, alcoholism (cirrhosis), artifact of slide making |
(5) |
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drepanocytes/sickle cells |
sickle cell anemia, sickle thalassemia, oat/crescent (reversible), sickled (irreversible) |
(4) |
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sickle cell anemia |
sickled, oat-, and crescent-shaped cells, Howell-Jolly bodies, siderocytes, sickle thalassemia |
(3) |
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acanthocytes |
genetic abetalipoproteinemia, excess cholesterol, alcohol intoxication (zieve's), pyruvate kinase deficiency, vitamin E deficiency, post-splenectomy, liver disease |
(6) |
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Burr cells |
liver disease, renal disease, severe burns, bleeding peptic ulceres, uremia, heart disease, stomach cancer, after heparin, hypothyroidism |
(9) |
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helmet cells |
glucose-6-phosphatedehydrogenase deficiency (6-G-PD), pulmonary emboli |
(2) |
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schistocytes |
fragmented cells, fibrin standsmicroangiopathic hemolytic anemias (DIC, HUS, TTP), renal graft rejection, burns, march hemoglobinuria |
(1 & 3) |
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dacryocytes |
severe anemias, idiopathic myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia, thalassemias, drug induced Heinz bodies, iron deficiency, pernicious anemia |
(6) |
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hypochromia |
low color, central pallor > 3 um, MCHC < 32%, iron deficiency anemia, alpha- and beta-thalassemia, sideroblastic anemias, lead poisoning |
(7) |
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polychromasia |
reticulocytes are released early from BM, grey/lavender hue, basophilic in appearance, residual RNA, larger than mature RBCs |
(5) |
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basophilic stippling |
aggregates of ribosomes, any condition with defective or accelerated heme synthesis, lead poisoning, alcoholism, thalassemias, megaloblastic disorders, arsenic poisoning |
(7) |
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Howell-Jolly bodies |
remnants of nuclear material, Feulgen (+), 1 or 2 bluish balls in RBC (0.5 um), post-splenectomy, thalassemia, megaloblastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, hemolytic anemia |
(8) |
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Cabot rings |
spindles from abnormal mitosis, stippled cells (basophilic stippling), post-splenectomy, megaloblastic anemia, dyserythropoiesis, homozygous thalassemia, pre-leukemic states |
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Heinz bodies |
denatured hemoglobin due to oxidant stress or phenylhydrazine, cannot be seen with Wright's stain, stain with crystal violet or brilliant cresyl blue (supraviatal), G6PD deficiency, unstable hemoglobin, alpha-thalassemia |
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Pappenheimer bodies and siderotic granules (siderocytes) |
Fe accumulation in phagosomes, PBs are seen with Wright's stain (protein matrix of granule is stained), siderocytes are seen with Prussian blue (Fe is stained), sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, postsplenectomy, when in nucleated cells = ringed sideroblasts, sideroblastic anemia |
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Ringed sideroblasts |
Fe accumulation in mitochondria seen around the nucleus, stained with prussian blue and safranin counter stain, sideroblastic anemia |
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Malaria |
parasitic infection that feeds on hemoglobin, pigment forms as microbe feeds |
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rouleaux |
stack of coins, hyperproteinemia, increased plasma proteins, multiple myeloma, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, chronic inflammation, some lymphomas |
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