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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are non synovial joints |
Bones united by fibrous tissue |
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Describe mobility/immobility in non synovial joints
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Slightly movable (sutures) and immovable (vertebrae) |
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Describe mobility/immobility in synovial joints |
These joints move freely because bones are separated and enclosed in the joint cavity. Cavity is filled with synovial fluid (lubricant) that allows sliding which permits free movement. |
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What are two components of Synvovial joints |
Ligaments - help to strengthen the synovial joint. Cartilage - cushion bones |
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(5) Types of Skeletal Joints |
(IHBPG) Immovable -Hinge (EX:) Elbow, Permits pronation and supination of hand and forearm -Ball-and-socket (EX:) Hip, Shoulder permits Flexion, abduction, adduction, outward rotation, inward rotation, -Pivot -Gliding |
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Rheumatoid arthritis |
Rheumatoid - is an autoimmune disease in which the body's own immune system attacks the body's joints. |
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S/S of Rheumatoid arthritis |
fatigue, weakness, anorexia, weight loss, low-grade fever, and lymphadenopathy. |
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True or False: Rheumatoid arthritis occurs 2.5 times more in women than in men; |
True |
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Osteoarthritis |
Osteoarthritis - is a Degenerative joint disease caused by mechanical wear and tear on joints. |
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Characterization for Osteoarthritis |
Characterized by hard, nontender, noninflammatory nodules, 2 to 3 mm or more. These osteophytes (bony overgrowths) of the DIP joints are called Heberden nodes. Those of the PIP joints are called Bouchard nodes and are less common. |
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Assessments in elderly |
Functional AssessmentFor those with advanced aging changes, arthritic changes, or musculoskeletal disability, perform functional assessment for ADLsApplies ROM and muscle strength assessments to accomplishment of specific activitiesGoal to determine adequate and safe performance of functions essential for independent home life |
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Pregnancy changes |
Expected postural changes in pregnancy include: Progressive lordosisToward third trimester, anterior cervical flexionKyphosis, and slumped shouldersWhen pregnancy at term, protuberant abdomen and relaxed mobility in joints create characteristic “waddling” gait |
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Assessments in children |
Preschool and school-age childrenBack: note posture; you should note a “plumb line” from back of head, along spine, to middle of sacrum Shoulders: level within 1 cm; scapulae symmetric; lordosis common throughout childhoodLordosis marked with muscular dystrophy and rickets |
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Assessments in children |
Legs and feet“Bowlegged” stance (genu varum) normal for 1 year after child begins walking“Knock knees” (genu valgum) occurs normally between 2 and 3½ years; no treatment indicatedFlatfoot (pes planus): pronation, or turning in, of medial side of foot because normal longitudinal arch concealed by fat pad until age 3 yearsWhen standing begins, child takes a broad-based stance, causing pronation, common between 12 and 30 months Pigeon toes demonstrated when child tends to walk on lateral side of foot, and longitudinal arch looks higher than normalOften starts as forefoot adduction, and usually corrects spontaneously by age 3 yearsCheck gait while child walking away from and returning to youCheck Trendelenburg’s sign to screen progressive subluxation of hip |
