Hartman's Fifth Edition Nursing Assistant Care Long Term Care

Front 1

Chapter One Vocabulary (33)

Back 1

Providers, Facilities, Payers, Long-term Care, Skilled Care, Length of Stay, Terminal Illness, Chronic Illness, Home Health Care, Diagnoses, Assisted Living, Dementia, Adult Day Services, Acute Care, Subacute Care, Outpatient Care, Rehabilitation, Hospice Care, Managed Care, Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs), Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs), Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), Catheter, Policy, Procedure, Cite, Joint Commission, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) Medicare, Medicaid, Culture Change, Person-centered Care, and Trauma-informed Care

Front 2

Facilities

Back 2

Places where care is delivered or administered.

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Providers

Back 3

People or organizations that provide health care.

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Long-Term Care (LTC)

Back 4

Given in Long-Term Care facilities for people who need 24 hour skilled care

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Payers

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People or organizations paying for health care services.

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Length of stay

Back 6

The number of days a person stays in a healthcare facility.

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Skilled Care

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Medically necessary care given by a skilled nurse or therapist.

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Terminal Illness

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A disease or condition that will eventually cause death.

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Chronic Illness

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A disease or condition that is long-term or long-lasting and requires management of symptoms.

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Home Health Care

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Health care that is provided in a person's home.

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Diagnoses

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Medical conditions determined by a doctor.

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Assisted Living

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Residences for people who do not need 24-hour skilled care, but do requires some help with daily care.

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Dementia

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A general term that refers to a serious, progressive loss of mental abilities such as thinking, remembering, reasoning, and communicating.

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Adult Day Services

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Care for people who need some assistance or supervision during certain hours, but who do not live in the facility where care is given.

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Acute Care

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24-hour skilled care given in hospitals and ambulatory surgical centers for people who require short-term, immediate care for illnesses and injuries.

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Subacute Care

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Care given in hospitals or in long-term care facilities for people who need less care than for an acute illness, but more care than for a chronic illness.

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Outpatient Care

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Care given to people who have had treatments, procedures, or surgeries and need short term skilled care.

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Rehabilitation

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Care given by specialists to help restore or improve function after an illness or injury.

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Hospice Care

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Holistic, compassionate care given to people who have approximately six months or less to live.

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Managed Care

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A system or strategy of managing health care in a way that controls cost.

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Health Maintenance Organizations (HMOs)

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A form of health insurance in which the cost of care is covered only when the person uses a particular doctor or group of doctors except in case of emergency; seeing specialists generally requires referrals from a primary doctor.

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Preferred Provider Organizations (PPOs)

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A form of health insurance in which patients are encouraged to receive care from a network of approved providers, but can see other providers at an additional cost; patients can usually choose their providers, including specialists, without being referred by another doctor.

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Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)

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Daily personal care tasks, such as bathing; skin, nail, and hair care; mouth care; and walking, eating, and drinking, dressing, transferring, and elimination.

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Catheter

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A thin tube inserted into the body to drain fluids or inject fluids.

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Policy

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A course of action that should be taken every time a certain situation occurs.

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Procedure

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A method or way of doing something.

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Cite

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In a long-term care facility, to find a problem through a survey.

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Joint Commission

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An independent, not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits healthcare organizations.

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Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS)

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A federal agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that is responsible for Medicare and Medicaid, among many other responsibilities.

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Medicare

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A federal health insurance program or people who are 65 or older, have certain disabilities or permanent kidney failure, or are ill and cannot work.

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Medicaid

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A medical assistance program for people who have a low income, as well as for people with disabilities.

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Culture Change

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A term given to the process of transforming services for elders so that they are based on the values and practices of the person receiving care; core values include choice, dignity, respect, self-determination, and purposeful living.

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Person-Centered Care

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A Type of care that places the emphasis on the person needing care and his or her individuality and capabilities.

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Trauma-Informed Care

Back 34

An approach to patient care that recognizes that people may have experienced trauma in their lives so their trauma, experiences, and preferences should be considered while providing care.

Front 35

Chapter Two Vocabulary (14)

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Assistive Devices, Charting, Professional, Personal, Professionalism, Compassionate, Empathy, Sympathy, Tactful, Conscientious, Chain of Command, Liability, Scope of Practice, Delegation

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Assistive Devices

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Special equipment that helps a person who is I'll or disabled to perform activities of daily living (ADLs).

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Charting

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Documenting information and observations about residents.

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Professional

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Having to do with work or a job.

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Professionalism

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The act of behaving properly when working.

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Compassionate

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Being caring, concerned, considerate, empathetic, and understanding.

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Empathy

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Identifying with the feelings of others.

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Sympathy

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Sharing in the feelings and difficulties of others.

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Tactful

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Showing sensitivity and having a sense of what is appropriate when dealing with others.

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Conscientious

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Guided by a sense of right and wrong; principled

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Chain of Command

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The line of authority within a facility or agency.

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Liability

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A legal term that means someone can be held responsible for harming someone else.

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Scope of Practice

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Defines the tasks that health-care providers are legally allowed to do as permitted by state or federal law.

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Delegation

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Transferring responsibility to a person for a specific task.

Front 49

Chapter Three Vocabulary (24)

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Ethics, Laws, Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA), Minimum Data Set (MDS), Resident's Rights, Informed Consent, Neglect, Negligence,Malpractice, Abuse, Physical Abuse, Psychological Abuse, Verbal Abuse, Assault, Battery, Sexual Abuse, Financial Abuse, Domestic Violence, Workplace Violence, False Imprisonment, Involuntary Seclusion, Sexual Harassment, Substance Abuse, Mandated Reporting.

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Ethics

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The knowledge of right and wrong.

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Laws

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Rules set by the government to help people live peacefully together and to ensure order and safety.

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Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act (OBRA)

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A law passed by the federal government that includes minimum standards for nursing assistant training, staffing requirements, resident assessment instructions, and information on rights for residents.

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Minimum Data Set (MDS)

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A detailed form with guidelines for assessing residents in long-term care facilities.

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Residents Rights

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Numerous rights identified in the OBRA law that relate to how residents must be treated while living in a facility; they provide an ethical code of conduct for healthcare workers.

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Informed Consent

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The process in which a person, with the help of a doctor, makes informed decisions about their health care.

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Neglect

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The failure to provide needed care that results in physical, mental, or emotional harm to a person.

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Negligence

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Actions, or the failure to act or provide the proper care, that result in unintended injury to a person.

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Malpractice

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Injury to a person due to professional misconduct through negligence, carelessness, or lack of skill.

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Abuse

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Purposeful mistreatment that causes physical, mental, or emotional pain or injury to someone.

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Physical Abuse

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Any treatment, intentional or not that causes harm to a person's body.

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Psychological Abuse

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Emotional harm caused by threatening, scaring, humiliating, intimidating, isolating, or insulting a person.

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Verbal Abuse

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The use of spoken or written words, pictures, or gestures that threaten, embarrass, or insult a person.

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Assault

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A threat to harm a person, resulting in the person feeling fearful that she will be harmed.

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Battery

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The intentional touching of a person without their consent.

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Sexual Abuse

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The forcing of a person to perform or participate in sexual acts against his or her will; includes unwanted touching, exposing oneself, and sharing pornographic materials.

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Financial Abuse

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The improper or illegal use of a person's money, possessions, property,or other assets.

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Domestic Violence

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Physical, sexual, or emotional abuse by spouses, intimate partners, or family members.

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Workplace Violence

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Verbal, physical, or sexual abuse of staff by other staff members, residents, or visitors.

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False Imprisonment

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The unlawful restraint of someone that affects the person's freedom of movement; includes both the threat of being physically restrained and actually being physically restrained.

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Involuntary Seclusion

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The separation of a person from others against the person's will.

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Sexual Harassment

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Any unwelcome sexual advance or behavior that creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment.

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Substance Abuse

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The repeated use of legal or illegal substances in a way that is harmful to oneself.

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Mandated Reporting

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People who are legally required to report suspected or or observed abuse or neglect because they have regular contact with vulnerable populations, such as the elderly in care facilities.

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Chapter Four Vocabulary (24)

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Communication, Verbal Communication, Nonverbal Communication, Cultural Diversity, Bias, Culture, Clichés, Objective Information, Subjective Information, Incontinence, Cyanotic, Incident, Sentinel Event, Impairment, Farsightedness, Nearsightedness, Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA), Hemiplegia, Hemiparesis, Expressive Aphasia, Receptive Aphasia, Emotional Lability, Dysphagia, Combative

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Communication

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The process of exchanging information with others by sending and receiving messages.

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Verbal Communication

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Communication involving the use of words or sounds, spoken or written.

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Nonverbal Communication

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Communication without using words.

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Cultural Diversity

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The different groups of people with varied backgrounds and experiences who live together in the world.

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Bias

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Prejudice

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Culture

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A system of learned beliefs and behaviors that is practiced by a group of people.

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Clichés

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Phrases that used repeatedly and do not really mean anything.

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Objective Information

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Information based on what a person sees, hears, touches, or smells; also called signs.

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Subjective Information

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Information that a person cannot or did not observe, but is based on something reported to the person that may or may not be true; also called Symptoms.

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Incontinence

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The inability to control the bladder or bowels.

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Cyanotic

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Skin that is blue or gray.

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Incident

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An accident, problem, or unexpected event during the course of care that is not part of the normal routine in a healthcare facility.

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Sentinel Event

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An unexpected occurrence that results in grave physical or psychological injury or death.

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Impairment

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A loss of function or ability.

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Farsightedness

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The ability to see objects in the distance better than objects nearby; also called Hyperopia.

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Nearsightedness

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The ability to see objects nearby more clearly than objects far away; also called Myopia.

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Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

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A condition that occurs when blood supply to a part of the brain is blocked or a blood vessel leaks or ruptures within the brain; also called Stroke.

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Hemiplegia

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Paralysis on one side of the body.

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Hemiparesis

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Weakness on one side of the body.

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Expressive Aphasia

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Difficulty communicating thoughts through speech and writing.

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Receptive Aphasia

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Difficulty understanding spoken or written words.

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Emotional Lability

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Inappropriate or unprovoked emotional responses, including laughing, crying, and anger.

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Dysphagia

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Difficulty Swallowing.

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Combative

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Violent or hostile.

Front 99

Chapter Five Vocabulary (57)

Back 99

Infection Prevention, Microorganism (MO), Infection, Pathogens, Localized Infection, Systemic Infection, Healthcare Associated Infection (HAI), Chain of Infection, Causative Agent, Reservoir, Portal of Entry, Portal of Exit, Mode of Transmission, Direct Contact, Indirect Contact, Mucous Membranes, Susceptible Host, Transmission, Infectious, Medical Asepsis, Surgical Asepsis, Malnutrition, Dehydration, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Standard Precautions, Sharp's, Hand Hygiene, Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), Don, Doff, Perineal Care, Nonintact Skin, Clean, Dirty, Disinfection, Sterilization, Disposable, Transmission-Based Precautions, Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs), Antimicrobial, Isolate, Bloodborne Pathogens, HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus), Hepatitis, Jaundice, Bloodborne Pathogens Standard, Exposure Control Plan, Tuberculosis (TB), Latent TB Infection, TB Disease, Multidrug-Resistant TB (MDR-TB), Resistant, Phlegm, MSRA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococ-cus aureus), Vre (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcs), Clostridioides Difficile (C.

.DIFF, C. Difficile)

Front 100

Infection Prevention

Back 100

The set of methods practiced in healthcare facilities to prevent and control the spread of disease.

Front 101

Microorganism (MO)

Back 101

A living thing or organism that is so small that it can only be seen under a microscope; also called a microbe.

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Infection

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The state resulting from pathogens invading the body and multiplying.

Front 103

Pathogens

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Microorganisms that are capable of causing infection and disease.

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Localized Infection

Back 104

An infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and has local symptoms.

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Systemic Infection

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An infection that travels through the bloodstream and is spread throughout the body, causing general symptoms.

Front 106

Health-Care Associated Infection (HAI)

Back 106

An infection acquired in a healthcare setting during the delivery of medical care.

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Chain of Infection

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A way of describing how disease is transmitted from one human being to another.

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Causative Agent

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A pathogenic microorganism that causes disease.

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Reservoir

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A place where a pathogen lives and multiplies.

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Portal of Entry

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Any body opening on an uninfected person that allows pathogens to enter.

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Portal of Exit

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Any body opening on an infected person that allows pathogens to leave.

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Mode of Transmission

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The method of describing how a pathogen travels.

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Direct Contact

Back 113

A way of transmitting pathogens through touching the infected person or his secretions.

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Indirect Contact

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A way of transmitting pathogens from touching an object contaminated by the infected person.

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Mucous Membranes

Back 115

Membranes that line body cavities that ipen to the outside of the body, such as the linings of the mouth, nose, eyes, rectum, and genitals.

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Susceptible Host

Back 116

An uninfected person who could become sick.

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Transmission

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Passage or Transfer

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Infectious

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Contagious

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Medical Asepsis

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Measures used to reduce and prevent the spread of pathogens.

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Surgical Asepsis

Back 120

The state of being completely free of all microorganisms;also called Sterile Technique.

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Malnutrition

Back 121

Poor nutrition due to improper diet.

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Dehydration

Back 122

A serious condition resulting from an inadequate amount of fluid in the body.

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Back 123

A federal government agency that makes rules to protect workers from hazards on the job.

Front 124

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

Back 124

A federal government agency that issues guidelines to protect and improve the health of individuals and communities.

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Standard Precautions

Back 125

A method of infection prevention in which all blood, body fluids, nonintact skin, and mucous membranes are treated as if they were infected with an infectious disease.

Front 126

Sharps

Back 126

Needles or other sharp objects.

Front 127

Hand Hygiene

Back 127

Washing hands with soap and water or using alcohol-based hand rubs.

Front 128

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

Back 128

Equipment that helps protect employees from serious workplace injuries or illnesses resulting from contact with workplace hazards.

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Don

Back 129

To put on.

Front 130

Doff

Back 130

To remove.

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Perineal Care

Back 131

Care of the genital and anal area.

Front 132

Nonintact Skin

Back 132

Skin that is broken by abrasions, cuts, rashes, acne, pimples, lesions, surgical incisions, or boils.

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Clean

Back 133

In health care, a condition in which an object has not been contaminated with pathogens.

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Dirty

Back 134

In health care, a condition in which an object has been contaminated with pathogens.

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Disinfection

Back 135

A process that destroys most, but not all, pathogens; it reduces the pathogen count to a level that is considered not infectious.

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Sterilization

Back 136

A cleaning measure used to decrease the spread of pathogens and disease by destroying all microorganisms, including those that form spores.

Front 137

Disposable

Back 137

To be used only once and then discarded.

Front 138

Transmission-Based Precautions

Back 138

A method of infection prevention used when caring for persons who are infected or may be infected with certain infectious diseases.

Front 139

Multidrug-Resistant Organisms (MDROs)

Back 139

Microorganisms, mostly bacteria, that are resistant to one or more antimicrobial agents that are commonly used for treatment.

Front 140

Antimicrobial

Back 140

An agent that destroys, resists, or prevents the development of pathogens.

Front 141

Isolate

Back 141

To keep something separate, or by itself.

Front 142

Bloodborne Pathogens

Back 142

Microorganisms found in human blood that can cause infection and disease in humans.

Front 143

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)

Back 143

The virus that attacks the body's immune system and gradually disables it; eventually can cause AIDS.

Front 144

Hepatitis

Back 144

Inflammation of the liver caused by certain viruses and other factors, such as alcohol abuse, some medications, and trauma.

Front 145

Jaundice

Back 145

A condition in which the skin, whites of the eyes, and mucous membranes appear yellow.

Front 146

Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

Back 146

Federal law that requires that healthcare facilities protect employees from bloodborne health hazards.

Front 147

Exposure Control Plan

Back 147

A plan designed to eliminate or reduce employee exposure to infectious material.

Front 148

Tuberculosis (TB)

Back 148

A highly contagious disease caused by a bacterium, Mycobacterium Tuberculosis, that is carried on mucous droplets suspended in the air; causes fatigue, loss of appetite, slight fever, prolonged coughing, and shortness of breath.

Front 149

Latent TB Infection

Back 149

A type of tuberculosis in which the person carries the disease but does not show symptoms and cannot infect others.

Front 150

TB Disease

Back 150

Type of tuberculosis in which the person carries the disease but does not show symptoms and cannot infect others.

Front 151

Multi-Drug Resistant TB ( MDR-TB)

Back 151

Type of tuberculosis that is caused by an organism that is resistant to medication that is used to treat TB.

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Resistant

Back 152

A state in which drugs no longer work to kill specific bacteria.

Front 153

Phlegm

Back 153

Thick mucus from the respiratory passage.

Front 154

MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococ-Cus Aureus)

Back 154

An antibiotic-resistant infection to methicillin.

Front 155

VRE (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus)

Back 155

Bacteria (Enterococci) that have developed resistance to the antibiotic Vancomycin.

Front 156

Clostridioides Difficile (C. Diff, C. Difficile)

Back 156

A bacterium that is spread by spores and feces that are difficult to kill semicolon it causes symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea and can lead to serious inflammation of the colon (Colitis)

Front 157

Chapter Six Vocabulary

Back 157

Paralysis, Fracture, Disorientation, Scalds, Abrasion, Oxygen Therapy, Combustion, Flammable, Restraint, Suffocation, Atrophy, Restraint-Free Care, Restraint Alternatives, Body Mechanics, Posture, Lever

Front 158

Paralysis

Back 158

The loss of ability to move all or part of the body, which often includes loss of feeling in the affected area.

Front 159

Fracture

Back 159

A broken bone.

Front 160

Disorientation

Back 160

Confusion about person, place, or time.

Front 161

Scalds

Back 161

Burns caused by hot liquds

Front 162

Abrasion

Back 162

An injury that rubs off the surface of the skin.

Front 163

Oxygen Therapy

Back 163

The administration of oxygen to increase the supply of oxygen to a person's lungs.

Front 164

Combustion

Back 164

The process of burning.

Front 165

Flammable

Back 165

Easily ignited and capable of burning quickly.

Front 166

Restraint

Back 166

A physical or chemical way to restrict voluntary movement or behavior.

Front 167

Suffocation

Back 167

The stoppage of breathing from a lack of oxygen or an excess of carbon dioxide in the body that may result in unconsciousness or death.

Front 168

Atrophy

Back 168

The wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use.

Front 169

Restraint-Free Care

Back 169

An environment in which restraints are not kept or used for any reason.

Front 170

Restraint Alternatives

Back 170

Measures used in place of a restraint or that reduce the need for a restraint.

Front 171

Body Mechanics

Back 171

The way parts of the body work together when a person moves.

Front 172

Posture

Back 172

The way a person holds and positions his body.

Front 173

Lever

Back 173

Something that moves an object by resting on a base of support.

Front 174

Chapter Seven Vocabulary

Back 174

Conscious, First Aid, Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), Obstructed Airway, Abdominal Thrusts, Shock, Myocardial Infarction (MI), Syncope, Orthostatic Hypotension, Epistaxis, Insulin Reaction/Hypoglycemia, Hypoglycemia, Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), Epilepsy, Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA), Emesis

Front 175

,Conscious

Back 175

The state of being mentally alert and having awareness of surroundings, sensations, and thoughts.

Front 176

First Aid

Back 176

Emergency care given immediately to an injured person by the first people to respond to an emergency.

Front 177

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Back 177

Medical procedures used when a person's heart or lungs have stopped working.

Front 178

Obstructed Airway

Back 178

A condition in which something is blocking the tube through which air enters the lungs.

Front 179

Abdominal Thrusts

Back 179

A method of attempting to remove an objefrom the airway of someone who is choking.

Front 180

Shock

Back 180

A condition that occurs when organs and tissues in the body do not recieve an adequate blood supply.

Front 181

Myocardial Infraction (MI)

Back 181

A condition that occurs when the heart muscle does not receive enough oxygen because blood flow to the heart is blocked; also called Heart Attack

Front 182

Syncope

Back 182

Loss of consciousness; also called Fainting.

Front 183

Orthostatic Hypotension

Back 183

A sudden drop in blood pressure that occurs when a person sits or stands up.

Front 184

Epistaxis

Back 184

A nosebleed

Front 185

Insulin Reaction

Back 185

A complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food; also known as Hypoglycemia.

Front 186

Hypoglycemia

Back 186

A complication of diabetes that can result from either too much insulin or too little food; also known as Insulin Reaction.

Front 187

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

Back 187

A complication of diabetes that is caused by too little insulin in the body.

Front 188

Epilepsy

Back 188

A brain disorder that results from a disruption in normal electrical impulses in the brain, which causes repeated seizures.

Front 189

Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

Back 189

A warning sign of a CVA/STROKE resulting from a temporary lack of oxygen in the brain; symptoms may last up to twenty-four hours.

Front 190

Emesis

Back 190

The act of vomiting, or ejecting stomach contents through the mouth and/or nose.

Front 191

Chapter Eight Vocabulary

Back 191

Physiological Needs, Psychosocial Needs, Holistic Care, Masturbation, Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, Bisexual/Bi, Cisgender, Coming Out, Cross-Dresser, Gay, Lesbian, LGBTQ, Nonbinary and/or Genderqueer, Queer, Straight, Transgender/Trans, Transition, Race, Ethnicity, Spiritual, Reincarnation, Karma, Yarmulke, Agnostics, Atheists, Dietary Re

Front 192

Physiological Needs

Back 192

Needs that relate to the processes and activities that keep living things alive.

Front 193

Psychosocial Needs

Back 193

Needs that involve social interactions, emotions, intellect, and spirituality.

Front 194

Holistic Care

Back 194

A type of care that involves caring for the whole person, including the person's physical, psychological, social, and spiritual needs.

Front 195

Masturbation

Back 195

To touch or rub sexual organs in order to give oneself or another person sexual pleasure.

Front 196

Sexual Orientation

Back 196

A person's physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction to another person.

Front 197

Gender Identity

Back 197

A deeply felt sense of one's gender.

Front 198

Bisexual, Bi

Back 198

A person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction may be for people of the same gender or different gender.

Front 199

Cisgender

Back 199

A person whose gender identity matches his or her birth sex ( sex assigned at birth due to anatomy ).

Front 200

Coming Out

Back 200

A continual process of revealing one's sexual orientation or gender identity to others.

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Cross-Dresser

Back 201

Typically a heterosexual man who sometimes wears clothing and other items usually associated with women.

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Gay

Back 202

A person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the same sex.

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Lesbian

Back 203

A woman whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for other women.

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LGBTQ

Back 204

Acronym for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer.

Front 205

Nonbinary and/or Genderqueer

Back 205

A person whose gender identity does not fit into the category of man or woman; the person's gender may be in between those two categories or may be entirely different from them.

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Queer

Back 206

A term used to describe sexual orientation that os not exclusively heterosexual.

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Straight

Back 207

A person whose physical, emotional, and/or romantic attraction is for people of the opposite sex.

Front 208

Transgender, Trans

Back 208

A person whose gender identity differs from the sex assigned at birth do to anatomy.

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Transition

Back 209

The process of changing genders, which can include legal procedures, medical measures, telling others, and using new pronouns.

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Race

Back 210

Physical characteristics shared by people with common ancestry.

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Ethnicity

Back 211

A group of people who share particular attributes, such as race, culture, nationality, language, and other factors.

Front 212

Spiritual

Back 212

Of, or relating to, the spirit or soul.

Front 213

Reincarnation

Back 213

A belief that some part of a living survives death to be reborn in a new body.

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Karma

Back 214

The belief that all past and present deeds affect one's future and future lives.

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Yarmulke

Back 215

A small skullcap worn by Jewish men as a sign of their faith.

Front 216

Agnostics

Back 216

People who belive that they do not know or cannot know if God exists.

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Atheists

Back 217

People who belive that there is no God.

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Dietary Restrictions

Back 218

Rules about what and/or when individuals can eat.

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Fasting

Back 219

Not eating food or eating very little food.

Front 220

Vegetarians

Back 220

People who do not eat meat, fish, or poultry and may or may not eat eggs and dairy products.

Front 221

Vegans

Back 221

Vegetarians who do not eat any animal products, including milk, cheese, other dairy items, or eggs; vegans may also choose to not use or wear any animal products

Front 222

Premature

Back 222

The term for babies who are born before 37 weeks' gestation (more than three weeks before the due date).

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Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)

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A condition in which babies stop breathing and die for no known reason while asleep.

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Cognitive

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Related to thinking and learning.

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Chicken Pox

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A highly contagious viral illness that is common among children.

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Leukemia

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A form of cancer in which the body's white cells are unable to fight disease.

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Anorexia

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An eating disorder in which a person does not eat or exercises excessively to loose weight.

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Bulimia

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An eating disorder in which a person eats huge amounts of foods or very fattening foods, and then eliminates the food by vomiting, using laxatives, or exercising excessively.

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Trauma

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Severe Injury

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Menopause

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The end of menstruation (occurs when a woman has not had a menstrual period for 12 months).

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Geriatrics

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The branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease in older and elderly adults, as well as problems related to aging.

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Gerontology

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The study of the aging process in people from midlife through old age.

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Ageism

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Prejudice toward, stereotyping of, and/or discrimination against older persons or the elderly.

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Developmental Disabilities

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Disabilities that are present at birth or emerge during childhood up to age 22.

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Chapter 9 Vocabulary (35)

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Homeostasis, Metabolism, Organs, Tissues, Cells, Integument, Dilate, Constrict, Bones, Joint, Muscles, Atrophy, Contracture, Central Nervous System (CNS), Peripheral Nervous System (PNS), Systole, Diastole, Respiration, Inspiration, Experation, Sputum, Urinary Incontinence, Peristalsis, Glucose, Digestion, Absorption, Elimination, Fecal Incontinence, Glands, Hormones, Gonads, Reproduce, Nonspecific Immunity, Specific Immunity, Lymph

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Homeostasis

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The condition in which all of the body's systems are balanced and are working together to maintain internal stability.

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Metabolism

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Physical and chemical processes by which substances are broken down or transformed into energy or products for use by the body.

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Organs

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Structural units in the human body that perform specific functions.

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Tissues

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Groups of cells that perform similar tasks.

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Cells

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Basic structural units of the body that divide, develop, and die, renewing tissues and organs.

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Integument

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A natural protective covering.

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Dilate

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To widen.

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Constrict

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To narrow.

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Bones

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Rigid connective tissues that make up the skeleton, protect organs, and allow the body to move.

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Joint

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The place at which two bones meet.

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Muscles

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Groups of tissues that provide movement of body parts, protection of organs, and creation of body heat.