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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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neurotoxin blocks Ca2+ in axon prohibiting Ach release
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Clostridium botulinum
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anaerobic rod whose toxin inhibits GABA release
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Clostridium tetani
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Virulence of Bacillus anthracis:
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anti-phagocytic protein capsule, exotoxin & capsule plasmids
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Toxins of Bacillus anthracis:
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Protective antigen (PA), Edema factor (EF), Lethal factor (LF)
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Treatment of Bacillus anthracis:
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Penicillin G, Erythromycin, vaccine (PA)
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Virulence of Bacillus cereus:
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Endospores, motile, nonencapsulated
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Toxins of Bacillus cereus:
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Heat labile & stable enterotoxins
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Treatment of Bacillus cereus:
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Vancomycin, Clindamycin; penicillin resistance, no treatment for enterotoxin-derived food poisoning
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Virulence of Clostridium botulinum:
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Antigen H, endospores
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Pathology of Clostridium botulinum:
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infantile flaccid paralysis (non-life-threatening), adult muscle weakness & respiratory paralysis
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Treatment of Clostridium botulinum:
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Antitoxin, penicillin, hyperbaric O2, intubation
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Diagnosis of Clostridium botulinum:
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Gram (+), death of serum-injected mice
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Virulence of Clostridium perfringes:
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endospores, non-motile
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Toxins of Clostridium perfringes:
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Alpha toxin (lecithinase), tissue destructive enzymes
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Pathology of Clostridium perfringes:
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Gaseous Gangrene
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Treatment of Clostridium perfringes:
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Surgery (amputation), penicillin, clindamycin, hyperbaric O2
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Virulence of Clostridium difficile:
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H-antigen, endospores
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Toxins of Clostridium difficile:
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Toxin A (diarrhea), Toxin B (colonic epithelium)
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Pathology of Clostridium difficile:
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antibiotic-associated pseudomembranous enterocolitis
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Treatment of Clostridium difficile:
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metronidazole, oral vancomycin; termination of enterocolitis-causing antibiotic
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Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile:
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colonoscopy, immunoassay test
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Virulence of Corynebacterium diptheriae:
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forms pseudomembrane in pharynx
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Toxins of Corynebacterium diptheriae:
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bacteriophage exotoxin (A subunit blocks protein synthesis by inhibiting EF2, B subunit facilitates entry)
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Treatment of Corynebacterium diptheriae:
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Antitoxin, Penicillin or Erythromycin, DPT vaccine
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Diagnosis of Corynebacterium diptheriae:
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Gram (+) "chinese letters", reddish on methylene blue slide (Loffler's medium), dark black on Potassium tellurite
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Virulence of Listeria monocytogenes:
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H-antigen, hemolysin
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Toxins of Listeria monocytogenes:
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Endotoxin (LPS); only LPS-containing Gram (+)
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Pathology of Listeria monocytogenes:
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Neonatal & immunocompromized meningitis, septicemia
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Treatment of Listeria monocytogenes:
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Ampicillin, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazome
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Diagnosis of Listeria monocytogenes:
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Gram (+), Catalase (+), beta hemolytic, grows @ 2.5 degrees C
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