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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the nutrition for the amoeba, euglena, and the paramecium |
1. The Amoeba uses phagocytosis. Solid food particles are ingested then acted upon by enzymes and digested. it is an omnivore. 2. the euglena uses its chloroplasts for photosynthesis 3. Feeds on microorganisms. Uses cilia to sweep prey into oral groove, into mouth opening. Food passes through cell mouth then into gullet. |
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Name the Locomotion for the amoeba, euglena, and the paramecium |
1. Cytoplasm extends into pseudopods which crawl forward. The cytoplasm then pull itself to join the pseudopods, moving forwards 2. It's whip-like flagella acts like a motor, whipping around and propelling the euglena forwards 3. It's cilia move in unison like oars to propel the paramecium forwards |
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Name the movement for the amoeba, the euglena, and the paramecium |
for all of them, the organelles move in their own way inside the cell |
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Name the gas exchange for the amoeba, the euglena, and the paramecium |
for all of them, oxygen passes through their semi permeable membrane. Then, they turn it into carbon dioxide and release it using diffusion |
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What is diffusion? |
The spreading of molecules from a high concentration area to a low concentration area. Molecules naturally move from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration due to the nature of molecules and how they move |
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What is osmosis? |
A particular kind of diffusion that is only used with water. Water will diffuse in and out of the semi-permeable membrane to balance ratios inside and outside of the cell. This can either cause the cell to expand or contract. |
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What is a concentration gradient? |
A difference in concentration of a substance between 2 areas |
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What is a hypertonic solution? What is a Hypotonic solution? |
A hypertonic solution is a solution with high concentration of solute, and a hypotonic solution has a low concentration of solute |
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Why is osmosis and diffusion important? |
Osmosis is important for maintaining water balance in cells. Without it they could dehydrate. Also, cells get oxygen from osmosis Diffusion is important in cellular respiration, to eject carbon dioxide from the cell. |
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What are the four factors that effect diffusion? |
-Size of molecules -charge on molecules -temperature -size of concentration gradient |
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Why are semi-permeable membranes important? |
they are important for cells because it allows important substances in, while keeping harmful substances out. It also allows the cell to perform osmosis and diffusion, which maintains balance. |
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What is endocytosis? |
it is they process in which large amounts of material or undissolved material is brought into the cell from the outside environment. Pseudopods extend forward and surround the material, pulling it to the cytoplasm, which makes a vacuole. Then chemicals are flooded into the vacuole, making it digestible. |
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What is exocytosis? |
It is reverse endocytosis. the process which the cell moves large quantities of material or undissolved material out of the cell. The cytoplasm forms a vacuole around the waste, then moves it and joins it with the cell membrane. It opens up and ejects it from the cell. |
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What are the three membranes and what do they do? |
Permeable, semi-permeable, and non-permeable. Permeable allows everything through, semi-permeable allows only certain things through, and non-permeable allows nothing through. |
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What is turgor pressure and what does it do to plant and animal cells? |
Turgor pressure is the pressure of water pushing against the cell wall. In plants, the pressure keeps the plant healthy and makes it stand up straight. In animals, it can explode because of the lack of cell wall. |
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What is the nucleus and what cells is it in? |
It holds DNA, and controls cell activities. Brain of the cell. It is in both plants and animal cells. |
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what is the mitochondria and what cells is it in? |
There can be many in one cell. It is where biological processes are, like respiration and energy processes. The powerhouse of the cell. It is in both plant and animal cells |
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What is the rough ER and what cells is it in? |
Contains ribosomes, makes, checks and folds proteins. Sends them off to Golgi body. It helps carry materials through the cell It is in both plant and animal cells |
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What are ribosomes and what cells are they in? |
They makes proteins for the cell. They are in both plant and animal cells |
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What is the smooth ER and what cells is it in? |
Produces fats and proteins, regulates calcium levels, breaks down toxins. Found in both plant and animal cells |
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What is the Golgi body and what cells is it in? |
Stack of membranes in the cell that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins from the ER Found in both plant and animal cells |
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What is the chloroplast and what cells is it in? |
It is where photosynthesis occurs. Only found in plant cells |
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What is the nucleolus and what cells is it in? |
It is inside the nucleus, and makes ribosomes. It is found in both plant and animal cells |
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What is the cell membrane and what cells is it in? |
A thin, flexible barrier around a cell that regulates what enters and leaves It is found in both plant and animal cells |
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What is a lysosome and what cells is it in? |
It breaks down large food particles into smaller ones. Trash disposal. When it meets a toxic substance, it explodes. It is found in both plant and animal cells |
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What is a centriole and what cells is it in? |
It aids in cell division It is only in animal cells |
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What is a cell wall and what cells is it in? |
rigid structure surrounding the cell membrane and provides shape and support for cell Found in only plant cells |
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What is a vacuole and what cells it in? |
Vacuoles store materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbs There are a lot of small ones in animal cells, and few, but large, ones in plant cells |
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What is the cytoplasm and what cells is it in? |
Holds organelles in place. Is a jelly like substance. Found in both plant and animal cells |
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What is the nuclear membrane and what cells is it in? |
Thin layer around nucleus, controls what enters and leaves. Found in both plant and animal cells. |
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What is movement? |
Movement is moving without travelling anywhere. Like a human breathing, or proteins travelling through an ER. When you breath, your lungs move, but they aren't going anywhere. |
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What is locomotion? |
Locomotion is moving from one place to another. An example is a human walking home, or a euglena using its flagella to move. |
