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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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basic principle of American government which states that government is restricted in what it may do, and each individual has rights that the government cannot take away
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limited government
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system of government in which public policies are made by officials selected by voters and held accountable in periodic elections
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representative government
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Great Charter forced upon King John of England by his barons in 1215; established that the power of the monarchy was not absolute and guaranteed trial by jury and due processes of law to the nobility
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Magna Carta
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Document prepared by Parliament and signed by King Charles I of Englans in 1628; challenged the idea of the divine right of kings and declared that even the monarch was subject to the laws of the land
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Petition of Right
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Document written by Parliament and agreed on by William and Mary of England in 1689, designed to prevent abuse of power by the English monarchs; forms the basis for much in American government and politics today
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English Bill of Rights
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a city’s basic law, its constitution; a written grant of authority from the king
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charter
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an adjective describing a legislative body composed of two chambers
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bicameral
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organized by a proprietor (a person to whom the king had made a grant of land)
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propriety
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an adjective describing a legislative body with one chamber
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unicameral
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a joining of several groups for a common purpose
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confederation
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plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown
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Albany Plan of Union
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representative
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delegate
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refusal to buy or sell certain products or services
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boycott
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revoke
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repeal
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basic principle of American system of government which assets that the people are the source of any and all governmental power, and government can only exist with the consent of the people
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popular sovereignty
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plan of government adopted by the Continental Congress after the American Revolution; established “a firm league of friendship” among the States, but allowed few important powers to the central government
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Articles of Confederation
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formal approval, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty
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ratification
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Chair
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presiding officer
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group of delegates who drafted the US Constitution at the Philadelphia Convention in 1787
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Framers
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plan presented by delegates from Virginia at the Constitutional Convention; called for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature in which each State’s membership would be determined by its population or its financial support for the central government
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Virginia Plan
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plan presented as an alternative to the Virginia Plan at the Constitutional Convention; called for a unicameral legislature in which each State would be equally represented
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New Jersey Plan
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agreement during the Constitutional Convention that Congress should be composed of a Senate, in which States would be represented equally, and a House, in which representation would be based on a State’s population
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Connecticut Compromise
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an agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State
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Three-Fifths Compromise
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an agreement during the Constitutional Convention protecting slave holders; denied Congress the power to tax the export of goods from any State, and, for 20 years, the power to act on the slave trade
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Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise
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those persons who supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-1788
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Federalists
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those persons who opposed the ratification of the Constitution
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Anti-Federalists
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least number of members who must be present for a legislative body to conduct business; majority
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quorum
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